methods for cryogenic storage

专利摘要:
the present disclosure relates to methods and compositions and articles of manufacture, related to cryogenic storage, such as for cryogenically freezing and storing cells from a donor blood, and methods of processing an apheresis sample.
公开号:BR112019019005A2
申请号:R112019019005
申请日:2018-03-14
公开日:2020-04-14
发明作者:Sara Elizabeth Church；Jon Charles Gunther；Kathryn Pollock
申请人:Sara Elizabeth Church；Jon Charles Gunther；Juno Therapeutics Inc；Kathryn Pollock；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Descriptive Report of the Invention Patent for “METHODS FOR CRYOGENIC STORAGE”.
RELATED APPLICATION INFORMATION [0001] This application claims priority to United States Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 471,343, filed on March 14, 2017, the total contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
SUMMARY [0002] Cell therapy is a technique in which cells are administered to a recipient to achieve a therapeutic proposal. For any given container, the cells administered can originate from someone else, or from their own container. The latter case can be called autologous cell therapy, that is, the administration of cells back into the recipient from whom the cells were collected. Advantages of autologous cell therapy may include a reduced chance that the recipient's body would reject the administered cells, since the donor from whom the cells are collected is the recipient.
[0003] For cell therapy, how and when cells are collected from a donor, and how cells are treated after collection and before administration, can affect the effectiveness of therapy and availability, for example, how quickly cells can be administered to a recipient when necessary.
[0004] For these purposes, methods, systems and compositions, and articles of manufacture, are provided for cryogenic storage of cells and cell compositions, and / or development and / or administration thereof to individuals such as recipients. Among the advantages of the embodiments in some ways are, among other things, to enhance the availability, effectiveness, and / or other aspects of cell therapy. The methods can also, or alternatively
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2/176 provide benefits to other medical or research processes that use cells collected from a donor.
[0005] In some respects, the present disclosure relates to methods of cryogenic storage, processing, development, and administration of cells, and related articles, compositions, and systems involving apheresis collected before the patient requires cell therapy, and cryopreserved for later use.
[0006] In some respects, the cells and compositions and articles of the present disclosure are those that can be used, for example, for subsequent therapeutic treatment of a disease or condition, such as in the donor and / or other recipient. In some embodiments, the method involves cells cryogenically storing a donor's blood. Cryogenically stored cells can, in some embodiments, then be used for cell therapy to treat a disease or condition.
[0007] In some embodiments, cells are collected after the donor is diagnosed with a disease or condition, and before the donor has received one or more of the following: any initial treatment for the disease or condition, any targeted treatment or any labeled treatment for treatment for the disease or condition, or any treatment other than radiation and / or chemotherapy. In some embodiments, cells are collected after a first disease relapse after initial treatment for the disease, and before the donor or individual receives subsequent treatment for the disease. The initial treatment and / or subsequent treatment may, according to certain embodiments, be a therapy other than cell therapy. In some embodiments, the collected cells can be used in cell therapy after initial treatment and / or subsequent treatment.
[0008] In some embodiments, cells are collected after
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3/176 a second disease relapse after a second line of treatment for the disease, and before the donor or individual receives subsequent treatment for the disease. In some embodiments, patients are identified as likely to relapse after a second line of treatment, for example, by assessing certain risk factors. In some embodiments, the risk factors are based on the type of disease and / or genetic, such as double-attack lymphoma, primary refractory cancer, or activated B-cell lymphoma. In some embodiments, risk factors are based on clinical presentation, such as relapse after the first line of previous treatment, or other indicators of poor prognosis after treatment (for example, IPI> 2).
[0009] In some embodiments, cells are collected before the donor or individual is diagnosed with a disease. In some respects, the donor or individual may be determined to be at risk for developing a disease, or may elect to deposit or store cells without being considered at risk for developing a disease, or being diagnosed with a disease in the event that therapy cell is required at a later stage of life. In some embodiments, a donor or individual may be considered at risk of developing a disease based on factors such as genetic mutations, genetic abnormalities, genetic disruptions, family history, protein abnormalities (such as deficiencies in protein production and / or processing), and lifestyle choices that may increase the risk of developing a disease. In some embodiments, the cells are collected as prophylactics.
[0010] In some embodiments, cells are stored, or deposited, for a period of time greater than or equal to 12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, or 48 hours. In some embodiments,
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4/176 the cells are stored or deposited for a period of time greater than or equal to 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, or 4 weeks. In some embodiments, the cells are placed in long-term storage or long-term storage. In some ways, cells are stored for a period of time greater than or equal to 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5 months, 6 months, 7 months, 8 months, 9 months, 10 months, 11 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, 5 years, 6 years, 7 years, 8 years, 9 years, 10 years, 11 years, 12 years, 13 years, 14 years, 15 years, 16 years, 17 years, 18 years, 19 years, 20 years, 25 years, 30 years, 35 years, 40 years, or more.
[0011] The disclosure also relates, in some respects, to methods of processing an apheresis sample. In some embodiments, the methods involve loading in a chilled environment to a storage facility, an apheresis sample taken from a donor, and cryogenically storing the apheresis sample in the storage facility. In some embodiments, prior to loading, the sample is processed, for example, by selection of T cells, such as CD4 ⁺ and / or CD8 ^{+ T} cells. In some embodiments, such processing is performed after loading and before the sample is cryogenically stored. In some embodiments, processing is performed after thawing the sample after cryogenically storage.
[0012] In some embodiments, an advantage of the methods according to the described embodiments includes improved efficiency and / or effectiveness of cell therapies. By allowing donors to store their cells at a stage when donors, and thus their cells, have not endured extensive treatment for a disease and / or prior to contracting a disease or condition, or diagnosing it, such cells may have certain advantages or use in te
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5/176 cell sampling compared to cells collected after one or after multiple treatment steps. For example, cells collected before one or more treatment steps may be healthier, may exhibit higher levels of certain cellular activities, may grow faster, and / or may be more receptive to genetic manipulation than cells that have supported various stages of treatment. Another example of an advantage according to the embodiments described herein can include convenience. For example, by collecting, optionally processing, and storing cells from the donor before they are needed for cell therapy, the cells would be readily available if and when a recipient later needs them. This can increase the capacity of the apheresis laboratory, providing technicians with greater flexibility for planning the apheresis collection process.
[0013] In some embodiments, cells and / or compositions and / or manufacturing articles, such as containers (for example, vials or cell bags) containing the cells, are marked with one or more codes or other identifiers, such as for cataloging cells and samples during processing, cryopreservation, and / or storage, such as during long-term storage. In some embodiments, the systems and articles include a plurality of containers, each comprising a cryopreserved cell composition, such as one generated according to embodiments of the methods provided, where each of a plurality of containers contains cryopreserved samples obtained from a different donor . In some embodiments, the containers are marked with one or more identifiers, such as a bar code, radio frequency identification (RFID) tag, or other identifier corresponding to or indicating the identity of one or more of: the donor, sample, composition, flask, container, condition, disease, facility
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6/176 of collection, hospital, and / or container. In some respects, additional information included in or attached to the containers includes information related to the date of collection of apheresis and / or cryopreservation and / or expiration date and / or location within a warehouse or storage facility. In some embodiments, the code corresponds to a code that appears on a patient's identity bracelet, or hospital, or doctor, or collection facility system, or documentation, such as the donor or associated facility.
[0014] Suitable encoding or marking methods and systems include, but are not limited to, encoding using labels in printed, magnetic, or electronic form, which can be read by light, electronic, or magnetic means, such as bar codes , QR codes, RFIDs, or transponders, such as light-activated micro-transponders, low-cost silicon devices that store a unique 30-bit read-only identity, and emit the codes as a radio frequency signal when energized and interrogated with a light emission reader device. In some embodiments, all processing components (sample collection tube, cell purification components, culture components and cell expansion, etc.) are pre-registered in a facility component register where each component function and expected stage of use in the processing operation flow is recorded against the component's unique identifier code. In some embodiments, a transponder is used, and in some respects, it refers to any method or article for encoding a single sample identity that can be read.
[0015] In some embodiments, at various stages of, for example, at each stage in the methods, for example, the flow of processing operation and / or before or in administration to the container, the one or more identifier code is read in a record, such
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7/176 as a specific single patient record in a central database, and / or is used to confirm the identity of the sample and / or patient from which it was derived or is to be administered, and / or other information about the sample and / or its collection or processing, and / or to confirm correct chain of custody.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION [0016] The following detailed description and examples illustrate certain embodiments of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art will recognize that there are numerous variations and modifications to this disclosure that are involved in its scope. Consequently, the description of certain embodiments should not be considered as Hmitant.
[0017] As used herein, the term "cryogenic storage" or "cryogenic storage" generally refer to the storage of a sample, for example, a sample containing cells at a temperature of -210 ° C to -80 ° C, and in a condition such that the cells are able to be thawed after a period of such storage, such that after or following thawing, at least a portion of or substantial portion of cells in the sample remains viable and / or retains at least a portion of a biological function of this. In one aspect, the cell sample is capable of thawing such that at least a certain percentage, such as at or about or more than 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80 %, 90%, or 100% of the cells in the sample remain viable and / or negative for an apoptotic marker or indicator thereof, such as cleaved caspase and / or AnnexinV staining.
[0018] As used herein, the term cryogenically freezing means lowering the temperature of a sample, for example, a sample containing cells, at a temperature of -210 to -80 ° C.
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8/176 [0019] In some embodiments, the term enrich or enrich, as used herein, in the context of a sample containing cells means separation, selection, or purification of one type or types of cells in the sample, so that a higher concentration high cell type or types is obtained. The term "enrich" is not necessarily, but it may, in some embodiments, include achieving absolute or close to absolute cell purity.
[0020] As used herein, the individual or donor is a mammal, just like a human or other animal, and is typically human. In some embodiments, the individual, e.g., patient, to whom the cells, cell population, or compositions are administered is a mammal, typically a primate, such as a human. In some embodiments, the primate is either a monkey or an ape. The individual can be male or female, and can be of any suitable age, including child, youth, teenager, adult, and / or geriatric individuals. In some embodiments, the individual is a non-primate mammal, such as a rodent.
[0021] In some embodiments, the term "freezing solution" means a solution that, when combined with a sample containing cells, for example, an apheresis sample, helps to preserve one or more biological functions of the cells during a process of cooling, cryogenic freezing, and / or cryogenic storage of the sample or cells. In some embodiments, the terms freezing solution and cryogenic medium are interchangeable.
[0022] In some embodiments, the term "post-cryogenic modification or" post-cryogenic modification "as used herein in the context of a cryogenically stored sample containing cells means a process applied to the sample after thawing the cells.
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9/176 [0023] In some embodiments, the term "relapse", as used here, generally means a return of signs or symptoms of a disease after a period of improvement.
[0024] Apheresis usually refers to a process for collecting blood from a donor or blood from an individual. The process may include a process for collecting cells from a donor blood. Leukapheresis is used to refer to such a process that collects white blood cells from the donor's blood. In some embodiments, the embodiments and compositions provided relate to the collection, for example, via apheresis, of blood samples from a donor; in some embodiments, the methods and compositions relate to administering compositions, such as cell therapy compositions, to a recipient. In some embodiments, the donor and recipient are the same individuals. In some embodiments, cells from a donor are administered to a recipient that is a different individual.
[0025] In some embodiments, the methods involve cells cryogenically storing a donor blood. In some embodiments, the cryogenically stored cells are subsequently administered to a recipient to treat a disease. For example, as described in United States Patent Application Publication Nos. 2016/0158359 and 2016/0206656 and PCT Publication No. WO 2016/064929 and WO 2016/033570, incorporated herein in their entirety, cells can be used as part of a cell therapy treatment, such as a T cell therapy .
[0026] In some embodiments, the donor is the individual, for example, person, who later receives the collected cells, that is, the recipient. In such embodiments, the therapy is called an autologous cell therapy. As discussed here, advantages of autologous cell therapy may include a reduced chance that the
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10/176 recipient would reject the administered cells, since the donor from which the cells are collected is the recipient. In some embodiments, the donor and the recipient are different people. In such embodiments, the therapy can be called allogeneic cell therapy. Advantages of allogeneic therapy can include uniformity and consistency across the sample of cells. Other advantages may include, in some aspects, greater availability of cells compared to autologous cell therapy, for example, in contexts where donor cells are available at a time when cells in the recipient cannot be, for example, where the recipient it cannot provide such cells and / or is unable to withstand apheresis, such as when the recipient is very ill.
[0027] In some embodiments, cells are collected by apheresis, as well as by any of a number of known apheresis techniques. Exemplary apheresis collection methods include drawing blood from a donor using generally accepted practices performed by a medical professional. The medical professional may, for example, select a location on the donor's body, typically an arm, sterilize the site, perform phlebotomy, and draw the blood into a suitable blood-preserving container, such as a sterile blood bag containing anticoagulants . For example, the medical professional can perform practices posted at the World Health Organization (“WHO”), WHO guidelines on drawing blood: best practices in phlebotomy (2010). The professional may or may not be a professional who diagnoses a disease in the donor, as described below. After blood collection, blood components, such as plasma and different blood cells, can be separated by centrifugation.
[0028] In some embodiments, cells are collected after the donor is diagnosed with the disease, and before the donor receives
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11/176 any treatment for the disease, and / or before the donor receives targeted treatment, for example, a treatment that specifically recognizes or binds to an antigen or other ligand associated with the disease or condition. In some embodiments, the cells are collected at a time before the donor was diagnosed with the disease or condition. Advantages for such embodiments may include improved cell viability, activity, and receptivity to genetic manipulation, compared to cells that are collected after the donor has received treatment for the disease. In some embodiments, cells are collected from the donor after a first disease relapse after initial treatment for the disease, and before the donor receives subsequent treatment for the disease. Advantages of such embodiments may include improved cell viability, activity, and receptivity to genetic manipulation, compared to cells that are collected after the donor has received two or more treatment steps for the disease. In other embodiments, cells are collected from the donor after a second disease relapse, and before the donor receives subsequent treatment for the disease.
[0029] Among the diseases, conditions, and disorders of donors and / or recipients, and / or which donors and / or recipients here have or are suspected of having, and / or targeted by recombinant recipients, are tumors, including solid tumors, haematological malignancies, and melanomas, and including localized and metastatic tumors. Also among diseases, conditions and disorders are infectious diseases, such as infection with a virus or other pathogen, for example, HIV, HCV, HBV, CMV, HPV, and parasitic disease. Also among diseases, conditions and disorders are autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. In some embodiments, the disease or condition is a tumor, cancer, malignancy, neoplasm, or other proliferative disease
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12/176 or disturbance. Such diseases include, but are not limited to, leukemia, lymphoma, e.g., chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), small lymphocytic leukemia (SLL), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, acute myeloid leukemia, multiple myeloma , refractory follicular lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, indolent B cell lymphoma, B cell malignancies, colon, lung, liver, breast, prostate, ovarian, skin, melanoma, bone, and brain cancer, ovarian cancer, epithelial cancers, renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, cervical carcinoma, colorectal cancer, glioblastoma, neuroblastoma, Ewing's sarcoma, medulloblastoma, osteosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, and / or mesothelioma. In some embodiments, the disease or condition is DLBCL, not otherwise specified (NOS; includes transformed DLBCL from follicular lymphoma), high-grade B cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 and / or rearrangements of BCL6 with histology of DLBCL.
[0030] In some embodiments, the individual exhibits CLL with an indication for treatment based on iwCLL guidelines and clinical measurable disease, or SLL which is DLL tested by biopsy. In some respects, individuals received and failed treatment for Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi), or were considered negligible for BTKi therapy.
[0031] In some embodiments, individuals with CLL or SLL and high-risk characteristics, for example, having complex cytogenetic abnormalities (3 or more chromosomal abnormalities), 17p cancellation, TP53 mutation, or non-mutated immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (IGHV) have failed at least 2 previous therapy lines, including a BTKi. In some embodiments, individuals with CLL or SLL and standard risk characteristics have failed at least 3 lines of previous therapy, including a BTKi. In some embodiments, individuals with CLL or SLL who are intolerant to BTKi and
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13/176 have not received at least 6 months of BTKi therapy, or are negligible for BTKi have failed at least 1 (high risk) or 2 (standard risk) non-BTKi therapy lines.
[0032] In some embodiments, the individual is not eligible for one or more clinical trials and / or approved developed cell immunotherapies. In some embodiments, the individual is not yet eligible for one or more clinical trials and / or approved developed cell immunotherapies, but is at risk of becoming or may become eligible. In some embodiments, the individual is not eligible for one or two approved clinical trials and / or developed cell immunotherapies due to the anticipated or current response to one or more previous lines of therapy or after auto-HSCT. In some embodiments, the individual is not eligible for one or more clinical trials and / or approved developed cell immunotherapies if they have not been relapsed and / or are not refractory to one or more lines of prior therapy (for example, two or more, three or more, or four or more lines of prior therapy), or after auto-HSCT. In some embodiments, the individual is not eligible for one or more clinical trials and / or approved developed cell immunotherapies due to the absence of high-risk cytogenetics.
[0033] In some aspects, the individual has a high number of metastases and / or dispersed metastasis location. In some respects, the tumor burden on the individual is low and the individual has little metastasis. In some embodiments, the size or regulation of doses is determined by the initial disease burden on the individual. For example, where in some respects the individual may be given a relatively low number of cells in the first dose, in the context of lower disease burden the dose may be higher.
[0034] In some embodiments, the disease or condition is an infectious disease or condition, such as, but not limited to, infection
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14/176 viral, retroviral, bacterial, and protozoal interactions, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), adenovirus, BK polyomavirus, etc.
[0035] In some embodiments, the disease or condition is an autoimmune or inflammatory disease or condition, such as arthritis, for example, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Type 1 diabetes, erythematous systemic lupus (SLE), inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis , scleroderma, autoimmune thyroid disease, Grave's disease, Crohn's disease, multiple sclerosis, asthma, immunodeficiency, and / or a disease or condition associated with transplantation.
[0036] In some embodiments, the disease or condition is graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), such as GVHD in an individual who is supporting or who has supported transplantation, such as allogeneic organ transplantation and / or bone marrow transplantation and / or hematopoietic cell transplant stamination. The addition of native isolated CD4 ⁺ CD25 ⁺ T cells, such as in vitro expanded Treg cells, may delay and / or prevent graft-versus-host disease in some contexts. In some embodiments, the Treg compositions and methods provided prevent and / or decrease the risk of GVHD or its symptom or sign. In some embodiments, the disease or condition is organ transplant rejection, or risk of it, such as heart, liver, cornea, kidney, lung, pancreas, or other organ transplant.
[0037] In some embodiments, the autoimmune or inflammatory disease is a chronic disease and / or an acute inflammatory disease. In some ways, the disease or disorder is or includes systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), polymyositis, multiple sclerosis (MS), diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), type I diabetes mellitus, or autoimmune insulitis , autoimmune thyroiditis, autoimmune uveitis or uveoretinitis, autoimmune orchitis, autoimmune oophoritis, psoriasis, vitiligo, autoimmune prostatitis, any unwanted immune response
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15/176 or other inflammatory disease or autoimmune disease or condition, such as a condition characterized by an unwanted immune response and / or a viral-induced immunopathology. In some respects, the antigen, for example, antigen specifically bound by the T cell and / or recombinant receptor, is a self or self-antigen, such as a human antigen expressed in normal or unhealthy tissue. In some respects, the antigen is not an antigen expressed in cancer or not expressed in cancer in the individual. In some ways, the individual is not known to have and / or not be suspected of having cancer.
[0038] In some embodiments, the antigen recognized by the cell, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) or T cell receptor (TCR), or other recombinant receptor is or comprises an autoantigen or antigen that is cross-reactive with an autoantigen, such as a pathogenic antigen in the pathophysiology of an autoimmune disease. In some embodiments, such as where the disease or condition is inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the antigen is one that is expressed in a colon or ill ileum. In some embodiments, such as in the context of RA, the antigen or ligand is an epitope of collagen or an antigen present in joints. In some embodiments, such as for the treatment or prevention of Type I diabetes mellitus or autoimmune insulitis, the antigen is a pancreatic β cell antigen. In some embodiments, such as for MS, the antigen is a myelin basic protein antigen, MOG-1, MOG-2, or another neuronal antigen. In some embodiments, such as where the disease or condition is autoimmune thyroiditis, the antigen or ligand is a thyroid antigen. In some embodiments, such as where the disease or condition is autoimmune gastritis, the antigen is a gastric antigen. In some embodiments, such as for treatment of autoimmune uveitis or uveoretinitis, the antigen is S-antigen or another uveal or retinal antigen. In some embodiments, such as where the disease or condition
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16/176 tion is orchitis, the antigen is a testicular antigen. In some embodiments, such as in the treatment or prevention of autoimmune oodophoritis, the antigen is an ovarian antigen. In some embodiments, such as for the treatment or prevention of psoriasis; the antigen is a keratinocyte antigen or other dermal or epidermal antigen. In some embodiments, such as for the treatment or prevention of vitiligo, the antigen is a melanocyte antigen. In some embodiments, such as for the treatment or prevention of autoimmune prostatitis, the antigen is an antigen of the prostate. In some embodiments, the antigen may include an activation antigen expressed on effector T cells present at the site of the unwanted immune response.
[0039] In some embodiments, the antigen is bound citrulin vimentin.
[0040] In some embodiments, such as where the disease or condition is or includes tissue or organ rejection, the antigen may include an MHC molecule or portion thereof having a haplotype of the transplanted tissue.
[0041] In some embodiments, the antigen associated with the disease or disorder is GPRC5D, glioma-associated antigen, β-human chorionic gonadotrophin, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), B cell maturation antigen (BCMA, BCM), receptor factor B cell activation (BAFFR, BR3), transmembrane activator and CAML interactor (TACI), Fc Receptor-like 5 (FCRL5, FcRHõ), orphaned tyrosine kinase receptor ROR1, Her2, LI-CAM, CD19, CD20, CD22, mesothelin, CEA, and hepatitis B surface antigen, anti-folate receptor, CD23, CD24, CD30, CD33, CD38, CD44, EGFR, EGP-2, EGP-4, EPHa2, ErbB2, 3, or 4, FBP , fetal aceticoline receptor, GD2, GD3, HMW-MAA, IL-22R-alpha, IL-13R-alpha2, kdr, kappa light chain, Lewis Y, L1-cell adhesion molecule, MAGE-A1, mesothelin, MUC1 , MUC16, PSCA, NKG2D Binders, NY-ESO-1, MART-1, gp100, antigen
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17/176 in the oncofetal, ROR1, TAG72, VEGF-R2, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), prostate specific antigen, PSMA, Her2 / neu, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, ephrinB2, CD123, CS-1, c ~ Met , GD-2, and MAGE A3, CE7, Wilms Tumor 1 (WT-1), a cyclin, such as cyclin A1 (CCNA1), and / or biotinylated molecules, and / or molecules expressed by HIV, HCV, HBV, or another pathogen.
[0042] In some embodiments, the disease is cancer. For example, as described in United States Patent Application Publication Nos. 2016/0158359 and 2016/0206656, and PCT Patent Application Publication No. WO 2016/064929, incorporated herein in their entirety, the cells can be used as part of a cancer therapy treatment such as a T cell therapy.
[0043] Cancer can be, for example, benign or malignant. Cancer can include, for example, primary cancer or metastatic cancer. In some embodiments, the cancer can be of any stage, such as stage TX, stage T0, stage T1, stage T1a, stage T1b, stage T2, stage T2a, stage T2b, stage T3, stage T3a, stage T3b, stage T4, stage T4a, stage T4b, stage NX, stage N0, stage N1, stage N1a, stage N2b, stage N2a, stage N2b, stage N2c, stage N3, stage MX, stage M0, stage M1, stage M1b, stage M1b , stage M1c, stage M2, stage M3, stage M3V, stage M4, stage M4E, stage M5, stage M6, or stage M7.
[0044] In some embodiments, the cancer is acute Hnfoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, adrenocortical carcinoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, astrocytoma, basal cell carcinoma, bile duct cancer, bladder cancer, Ewing's sarcoma, osteosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma , brain cancer, breast cancer, branchial cancer, Burkitt's lymphoma, carcinoid cancer, heart cancer, atypical teratoid or rabdolder tumor, embryonic tumor, cancer cell tumor
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18/176 germ, primary central nervous system lymphoma, cervical cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm, colorectal cancer, craniopharyngioma, cutaneous T cell lymphoma, endometrial cancer, ependimorna, esophageal cancer, these esophageal cancer, extracranial germ cell tumor, extragonadal germ cell tumor, intraocular melanoma, retinoblastoma, fallopian tube cancer, gallbladder cancer, gastrointestinal carcinoid tumor, gastrointestinal stromal timores, glioblastoma, ovarian germ cell tumor, testicular cancer, disease gestational trophoblastic, hairy cell leukemia, head and neck cancer, hepatocellular cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma, intraocular melanoma, island cell tumor, neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor, kidney cancer, lung cancer (small cell and small cell), histiocytoma malignant fibrous, carcinoma of Merkel cell, mesothelioma, midline tract carcinoma, mouth cancer, multiple endocrine neoplasia, ringworm fungi, myelodysplastic or myeloproliferative neoplasms, chronic myelogenous leukemia, acute melody leukemia, chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms, non-nasopharyngeal cancer, neuroblastoma, neuroblasts Hodgkin, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, papillomatosis, paraganglioma, cancer of the paranasal bell and nasal cavity, parathyroid cancer, penis cancer, pharyngeal cancer, pheochromocytoma, pituitary tumor, plasma cell neoplasm, multiple myeloma, pleuropulmonary blastoma, pereal cancer, pereal cancer prostate cancer, rectal cancer, retinoblastoma, salivary gland cancer, rhabdomyosarcoma, Sézary syndrome, small bowel cancer, small lymphocytic leukemia, squamous cell carcinoma, squamous neck cancer, testicular cancer, throat cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, cancer oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal cancer eal, thymoma, thymic carcinoma, thyroid cancer, urethral cancer, uterine sarcoma, vaginal cancer, vulvar cancer, or tumor of
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19/176
Wilms.
[0045] In some embodiments, the cancer is chronic lymphocytic leukemia, small lymphocytic leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, pro-lymphocytic leukemia, hairy cell leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, null acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-H lymphoma , large diffuse B cell lymphoma, multiple myeloma, follicular lymphoma, splenic marginal zone lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, indolent B cell lymphoma, or acute myeloid leukemia.
[0046] In some embodiments, cancer comprises cells that express at least one or more of the orphaned tyrosine kinase receptor ROR1, EGFR, Her2, L1-CAM, CD19, CD20, CD22, mesothelin, CEA, and hepatitis surface antigen B, antifolate receptor, CD23. CD24, CD30, CD33, CD38, CD44, EGFR, EGP-2, EGP4, EPHa2, ErbB2, 3, or 4, FBP, fetal aceticoline receptor, GD2, GD3, HMW-MAA, IL-22R-alpha, IL- 13R-alpha2, kdr, kappa light chain, Lewis Y, L1-cell adhesion molecule, MAGE-A1, mesothelin, MUC1, MUC16, B cell maturation antigen (BCMA), FCRL5 / FCRH5, GPRC5D, PSCA, NKG2D Ligands, NY-ESO-1, MART-1, gp100, oncofetal antigen, ROR1, TAG72, VEGF-R2, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), prostate specific antigen, PSMA, Her2 / neu, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, ephrinB2, CD123, CS-1, c-Met, GD-2, and MAGE A3, CE7, Wilms Tumor 1 (WT-1), a cyclin, such as cyclin A1 (CCNA1), and / or biotinylated molecules, and / or molecules expressed by HIV, HCV, HBV, or other pathogens. In some embodiments, the cancer comprises cells that express CD19. In some embodiments, the cancer comprises cells that express BCMA.
[0047] In some embodiments, the disease is diagnosed by a medical professional (for example, a person licensed under a
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20/176 medical regulatory body in a nation, state, province, county, municipality, or county), which examines the donor and confirms the existence of the disease in the donor by observing a disorder of structure or function in the donor. The medical professional may include, for example, a doctor, such as a hematologist, an immunologist, an oncologist, or a clinical nurse.
[0048] In some embodiments, diagnosis excludes self-diagnosis by the donor and / or excludes diagnosis by genetic testing services.
[0049] In some embodiments, the initial treatment, the subsequent treatment may each, independently of each other, include cancer therapy, such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, hormonal therapy, and / or surgery. Chemotherapy may include, for example, administering at least one of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, mustine, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisolone, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine, etoposide, cisplatin, epirubicin, capiplitine, oxiplitine, capiplitine, oxiplitine, capiplitine, oxincitine, capiplitine, oxincitine, capiplitine, oxipline, capycin, oxipline, capycin, acid, capycin, oxipline, capycin, acid, capycin, acid, capycin, oxipline, capycin. and other small molecule kinase inhibitors. Immunotherapy may include, for example, administering at least one of antibodies and immune cells, such as natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells, and dendritic cells. In some embodiments, treatment (either initial or subsequent) may include any or all of radiation therapy (e.g. 4000 cGy radiation), autologous stem cell rescue, stem cell transplantation, bone marrow transplantation, and transplantation stemming. hematopoietic cell (HSCT). In some embodiments, treatment may include CAR T cell therapy. In some embodiments, treatment may include Tisagenlecleucel (Kymriah). In some embodiments, treatment may include Axicabtagene ciloleucel (Simcarta). In some embodiments, the initial and / or subsequent therapy
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21/176 can include any or all of cytarabine (ara-C; including high-dose cytarabine), daunorubicin (daunomycin), idarubicin, or cladribine (Leustatin, 2-CdA), alone or in combination. In some embodiments, the initial and / or subsequent therapy may include any or all of bortezomib, carfilzomib, thalidomide, lenalidomide, pomalidomide, and corticosteroids such as prednisone and dexamethasone. In some embodiments, the initial and / or subsequent therapy can include any or all of alkylating agents such as cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil, bendamustine, and ifosfamide; platinum drugs such as cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin; purine analogs such as fludarabine, pentostatin, and cladribine, cytarabine; anti-metabolites such as gemcitabine, methotrexate, and pralatrexate; and other agents such as vincristine, doxorubicin, mitoxantrone, etoposide, and leomycin. In some embodiments, the initial and / or subsequent therapy may involve any or all of proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib; histone deacetylase inhibitors such as romidepsin and belinostat; kinase inhibitors such as ibrutinib and idelalisib. In some embodiments, the initial and / or subsequent therapy may include antibodies that target CD20 such as rituximab, obinutuzumab, ofatumumab, and ibritumomab tiuxetan; antibodies that target CD52, such as alemtuzumab; antibodies that target CD30, such as brentuximab vedotin; interferon; and immunomodulating agents, such as thalidomide and lenalidomide. In some embodiments, the initial and / or subsequent therapy may be a combination therapy such as CHOP, CHOP + R (or R-CHOP), CVP. EPOCH, EPOCH + R, DHAP, and DHAP + R (or R-DHAP). CHOP includes the drugs cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone. R-CHOP (or CHOP + R) also includes treatment with rituximab. CVP includes cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone. CVP can also be administered in combination with rituximab. EPOCH includes the drugs etoposide, prednisone, vincristine,
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22/176 cidophosphamide, and doxorubicin. EPOCH-R further includes treatment with rituximab. DHAP includes the drugs dexamethasone, high-dose cytarabine, and cisplatin. DHAP + R (or R-DHAP) also includes treatment with rituximab. Additional combination regimens that can be used according to the methods described herein include any or more of bendamustine plus rituximab (BR); rituximab, cidophosphamide, etoposide, procarbazine, and prednisone (R-CEPP); rituximab, cyclophisfamide, epirubicin, and prednisone (R-CEOP); rituximab, gemcitabine, cisplatin, and dexamethasone (R-GDP); rituximab and lenalidomide. Additional anti-cancer therapies that can be used according to the methods described herein include any one or more or a combination of chlorambucil, bendamustine, cidophosphamide, fludarabine, ofatumumab, obinutuzumab, rituximab, idelalisib, venetoclax, lenalidomide, and methylprednisolone.
[0050] In some embodiments, the donor may enter into a first relapse after initial treatment of the disease and a period of improvement. In some embodiments, the improvement period is marked by a complete absence of the signs and symptoms of the disease. In some embodiments, during the improvement period, the signs and symptoms of the disease are relieved or reduced, but are not completely absent. In some embodiments, the complete absence of the signs and symptoms of the disease, or the relief or reduction of the signs and symptoms, is a result of the initial treatment.
[0051] In some embodiments, the donor may enter into a second relapse after one or more previous treatments of the disease and one or more periods of improvement. In some embodiments, the improvement period (s) is / are marked by a complete absence of the signs and symptoms of the disease. In some embodiments, during the improvement period (s), the signals
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23/176 and symptoms of the disease are relieved or reduced, but are not completely absent. In some embodiments, the complete absence of the signs and symptoms of the disease, or the alleviation or reduction of the signs and symptoms, is a result of the previous treatment (s).
[0052] In some embodiments, the recurrence is diagnosed by a medical professional, who examines the donor and confirms the return of the signs and symptoms of the disease in the donor. In some embodiments, the medical professional is a person licensed under a medical regulatory body in a nation, state, province, county, municipality, or county. The medical professional may include, for example, a doctor, such as a hematologist, an immunologist, or an oncologist, or a clinical nurse. The medical professional diagnoses the disease and the medical professional who diagnoses the recurrence may or may not be the same person.
[0053] In some embodiments, cells from a donor blood are obtained by apheresis or leukapheresis. In some embodiments, the number of cells, when collected from the donor, and / or total in the apheresis sample, is either about or is no more than or about 500 x 10®, 1000 x 10 ⁶ , 2000 x 10®, 3000 x 10®, 4000 x 10 ⁶ , or 5000 x 10 ⁶ or more total cells or total nucleated cells. In some embodiments, the sample after administration to the subject contains either about 10 ⁵ to 10® cells or T cells, or cells developed per kilogram of donor weight and / or about or about 5 x 10 ⁶ or 10 x 10 ⁶ total cells, or T cells, or developed cells, or a subset thereof. In some embodiments, the blood volume, when collected from the donor, is 0.5 to 5 milliliters for each kilogram of donor weight.
[0054] In some embodiments, cells comprise and / or are enriched for the presence of T cells and / or a population thereof. In some embodiments, cells comprise cells
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CD4 ⁺ and / or CD8 ^{+ T} , either separately or in combination. Among the subtypes and subpopulations of T cells and / or CD4 ⁺ and / or CD8 ⁺ T cells are naive T (TN) cells, effector T cells (TEFF), memory T cells, and subtypes thereof, such as central memory T cells (TSCM), central memory T cells (TCM), effector memory T cells (TEM), or terminally differentiated effector memory T cells, Tumor infiltrating hypnocytes (TIL), immature T cells, mature T cells, helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, mucosa-associated invariant T cells (MAIT), naturally occurring and adaptive regulatory T cells (TREG), helper T cells, such as TH1 cells, TH2 cells, TH3 cells, TH17, TH9 cells, TH22 cells, follicular helper T cells, alpha / beta T cells, and delta / gamma T cells. In some embodiments, the cells are natural killer cells (NK). In some embodiments, the cells are monocytes or granulocytes, for example, myeloid cells, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, stem cells, eosinophils, and / or basophils. In some embodiments, T cells comprise or are charge T cells, such as those selected for CD3 expression, CD4 or CD8 expression, or negativity for non-T cell markers found in blood cells.
[0055] In some embodiments, the cell is or comprises a T cell, for example, a CD8 ⁺ T cell (for example, a CD8 + naive T cell, central memory T cell, or effector memory T cell), a CD4 ⁺ T cell, a natural killer T cell (NKT cells), a regulatory T cell (Treg), a stem cell memory T cell, a Hnfoide progenitor cell, a hematopoietic stem cell, a natural killer cell ( NK cell), or a dendritic cell. In some embodiments, the cells are monocytes or granulocytes, for example, myeloid cells, macrophages, neutrophils
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25/176 them, dendritic cells, stem cells, eosinophils, and / or basophils. In one embodiment, the cell is an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS) or a cell derived from an iPS cell, for example, an iPS cell generated from an individual, manipulated to alter (eg, induce a mutation in) or manipulate the expression of one or more target genes, and differentiated into, for example, a T cell, for example, a CD8 ⁺ T cell (for example, a CD8 ⁺ T cell naTve, central memory T cell, or T cell of effector memory), a CD4 ⁺ T cell, a stem cell memory T cell, a lymphoid progenitor T cell, or a hematopoietic stem cell.
[0056] In some embodiments, cells include one or more subsets of T cells or other cell types, such as total T cell populations, CD4 + cells, CD8 + cells, and subpopulations thereof, such as those defined by function, status activation, maturity, potential for differentiation, expansion, recirculation, localization, and / or persistence capabilities, antigen specificity, type of antigen receptors, presence in a particular organ or compartment, marker or cytokine secretion profile, and / or degree of differentiation.
[0057] In some embodiments, among the subtypes and subpopulations of T cells and / or CD4 ⁺ T cells and / or CD8 * T cells are naive T cells (TN), effector T cells (TEFF), T cells of memory, and subtypes thereof, such as stem memory T cell (TSCM), central memory T cell (TCM), effector memory T cell (TEM), or terminally differentiated effector memory T cells, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), immature T cells, mature T cells, helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, mucosa-associated invariant T cells (MAIT), naturally occurring and adaptive regulatory T cells (TREG), helper T cells, such
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26/176 such as TH1 cells, TH2 cells, TH3 cells, ΤΉ17 cells, TH9 cells, TH22 cells, follicular helper T cells, alpha / beia T cells, and delta / gamma T cells. In some embodiments, cells are cryogenically frozen and / or cryogenically stored after collection from the donor, without further processing. In some embodiments, the cells are enriched one or more times before being cryogenically frozen and / or stored. In some embodiments, the cells are enriched one or more times after being cryogenically stored. In some instances, failure to further enrich or process the cells prior to cryogenic freezing and / or storage provides the benefit of cost savings and / or time savings. In some cases, non-enrichment or further processing prior to cryogenic freezing and / or storage may also allow wider collection facility options for donors who do not have access to facilities that are capable of cell enrichment and / or processing. The enrichment can be, for example, as described in PCT Order Publication No. WO 2015/164675, incorporated herein in its entirety. In some embodiments, cells are processed prior to cryogenic freezing and / or storage.
[0058] In particular embodiments, the cells are frozen, for example, after a washing step, for example, to remove plasma and platelets. In some embodiments, cells are frozen prior to, subsequent to, and / or during any of the steps associated with cell manufacturing and / or generation, for example, CD4 + and / or CD8 + T cells, which express a recombinant receptor, for example example, a CAR. In certain embodiments, such steps may include any steps associated with the generation of developed cells, including, but not limited to, selection and / or
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Isolating a subset of cells, for example, CD4 + and / or CD8 + T cells, stimulation and / or expansion of cells, for example, T cells or a subset thereof, or transfection or transduction of cells. In some embodiments, cells are cells from an apheresis sample collected from an individual, prior to cell selection and / or isolation, stimulation and / or expansion of cells, or transfection or transduction of cells.
[0059] Cell Processing Methods [0060] In some embodiments, cells collected from the individual are washed, for example, to remove the plasma fraction and to place the cells in an appropriate buffer or medium for subsequent processing steps. In some embodiments, the cells are washed with phosphate buffered saline (PBS). In some embodiments, the washing solution lacks calcium and / or magnesium and / or many or all divalent cations. In some respects, a washing step is accompanied using a semi-automatic “flow” centrifuge (for example, the Cobe 2991 cell processor, Baxter) according to the manufacturer's instructions. In some respects, a washing step is performed in a centrifugal chamber, for example, one produced and sold by Biosafe SA, including that for use with the Sepax® and Sepax® 2 system, including A-200 / F and A centrifugal chambers -200 according to the manufacturer's instructions. In some aspects, a washing step is accompanied by tangential flow filtration (TFF) according to the manufacturer's instructions. In some embodiments, the cells are resuspended in a variety of biocompatible buffers after washing, such as, for example, free Ca ⁺⁺ / Mg ⁺⁺ -PBS. In certain embodiments, the components of a blood cell sample are removed and the cells are directly resuspended in the culture medium.
[0061] In some embodiments, the methods include methods
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28/176 density-based cell separation, such as the preparation of peripheral blood white blood cells by smoothing red blood cells and centrifuging through a Percoll or FicolL gradient [0062] In some embodiments, isolation methods include the separation of different cell types based on the expression or presence in the cell of one or more specific molecules, such as surface markers, for example, surface proteins, intracellular markers, or nucleic acid. In some embodiments, any known method for separation based on such markers can be used. In some embodiments, the separation is separation based on affinity or immunoaffinity. For example, isolation in some aspects includes separation of cells and population of cells based on cell expression or level of expression of one or more markers, typically cell surface markers, for example, by incubation with an antibody or binding partner which specifically binds to such markers, generally followed by steps of washing and separating cells having bound the antibody or binding partner, of those cells having not bound to the antibody or binding partner.
[0063] Such separation steps can be based on positive selection, in which cells having bound the reagents are retained for further use, and / or negative selection, in which cells having not bound to the antibody or binding partner, are retained . In some instances, both fractions are retained for further use. In some respects, negative selection can be particularly useful where no antibody is available that specifically identifies a cell type in a heterogeneous population, such that separation is best done based on the markers expressed by cells other than the desired population.
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29/176 [0064] Separation does not need to result in 100% enrichment or removal of a particular cell population or cells that express a particular marker. In some embodiments, the enriched population contains at least 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 95% of the population. For example, positive selection of or enrichment of cells of a particular type, such as those that express a marker, refers to increasing the number or percentage of such cells, but does not need to result in a complete absence of cells not expressing the marker. Likewise, negative selection, removal, or depletion of cells of a particular type, such as those that express a marker, refers to an increase in the number or percentage of such cells, but does not need to result in a complete removal of all such cells .
[0065] In some examples, multiple stages of separation stages are performed, where the positively or negatively selected fraction of one stage is submitted to another separation stage, such as a subsequent positive or negative selection. In some examples, a single separation step can exhaust cells that express multiple markers simultaneously, such as by incubating cells with a plurality of antibodies or binding partners, each specific for a marker targeted for negative selection. Likewise, multiple cell types can simultaneously be positively selected by incubating cells with a plurality of antibodies or binding partners expressed in the various cell types.
[0066] For example, in some ways, specific subpopulations of T cells, such as positive cells or expressing high levels of one or more surface markers, for example, CD28 ⁺ , CD62L ⁺ , CCR7 ⁺ , CD27 ⁺ , CD127Ã CD4 ⁺ , CD8 ⁺ , CD45RA ⁺ , and / or
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CD45RO * T cells, are isolated by positive or negative selection techniques.
[0067] For example, CD3 ⁺ , CD28 ⁺ T cells can be positively selected using CD3 / CD28 conjugated magnetic beads (for example, DYNABEADS® M-450 CD3 / CD28 T Cell Expander).
[0068] In some embodiments, isolation is accomplished by enriching a particular cell population by positive selection, or depleting a particular cell population by negative selection. In some embodiments, positive or negative selection is accompanied by incubation of cells with one or more antibodies or another binding agent that specifically binds to one or more surface markers expressed (marker *) or expressed at a relatively higher level (markerhigh ) in the positively or negatively selected cells, respectively.
[0069] In some embodiments, T cells are separated from a PBMC sample by negative selection of markers expressed on non-T cells, such as B cells, monocytes, or other white blood cells, such as CD14. In some respects, a CD4 * or CD8 * selection step is used to separate CD4 * helper and CD8 * cytotoxic T cells. Such CD4 * and CD8 * populations can be further classified into subpopulations by positive or negative selection for markers expressed or expressed to a relatively higher degree in one or more sub-populations of naive, memory, and / or effector T cells.
[0070] In some embodiments, CD8 + cells are additionally enriched for or depleted from naive cells, central memory, effector memory, and / or stem central memory cells, such as by positive or negative selection based on the surface antigens associated with respective subpopulation. In some
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31/176 embodiments, the enrichment of central memory T cells (TCM) is performed to increase efficacy, as well as to improve long-term survival, expansion, and / or graft after administration, which in some respects is particularly robust in such subpopulations. See Terakuraet al. (2012) Blood.1: 72-82; Wang et al.
(2012) J Immunother. 35 (9): 689-701. In some embodiments, a combination of TCM-enriched CD8 ⁺ T cells and CD4 ⁺ T cells further enhance efficiency.
[0071] In the embodiments, memory T cells are present in both subsets of CD62L7 and CD62L · of CD8 ⁺ peripheral blood lymphocytes. PBMC can be enriched or depleted of fractions of CD62L CD8 * and / or CD62L CD8 ⁺ , such as using anti-CD8 and anti-CD62L antibodies.
[0072] In some embodiments, the enrichment of central memory T cells (TCM) is based on the positive or high surface expression of CD45RO, CD62L, CCR7, CD28, CD3, and / or CD127; in some respects it is based on the negative selection of cells that express or highly express CD45RA and / or granzyme B. In some respects, isolation of a CD8 ⁺ population enriched with TMC cells is accomplished by depletion of cells that express CD4 , CD 14, CD45RA, and positive selection or enrichment of cells that express CD62L. In one aspect, enrichment of central memory T cells (TCM) is carried out starting with a negative fraction of selected cells based on the expression of CD4, which is subjected to a negative selection based on the expression of CD14 and CD45RA, and a positive selection based on CD62L. Such selections in some aspects are made simultaneously and, in other aspects, are made sequentially, in any order. In some respects, the same selection step based on CD4 expression used in preparing the CD8 ⁺ cell population or
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32/176 subpopulation, is also used to generate the CD4 ⁺ cell population or subpopulation, such that both positive and negative fractions from CD4-based separation are retained and used in subsequent method steps, optionally after one or additional steps of positive or negative selection.
[0073] In a particular example, a sample of PBMCs or another white blood cell sample is subjected to selection of CD4 + cells, where both the negative and positive fractions are retained. The negative fraction is then subjected to negative selection based on the expression of CD14 and CD45RA or ROR1, and positive selection based on a characteristic of the central memory T cell marker, such as CD62L or CCR7, where the positive and negative selections are made in any order.
[0074] CD4 ⁺ T helper cells are classified as naTve cells, central memory cells, and effector cells that identify cell populations that have cell surface antigens. CD4 ⁺ lymphocytes can be obtained by standard methods. In some embodiments, naive CD4 ⁺ T lymphocytes are CD45RO, CD45RA *, CD62L ⁺ , CD4 ⁺ T cells. In some embodiments, CD4 + central memory cells are CD62L and CD45RO *. In some embodiments, CD4 + effector cells are CD62L · and CD45RO '.
[0075] In one example, to enrich CD4 + cells by negative selection, a monoclonal antibody cocktail typically includes antibodies to CD14, CD20, CD11b, CD16, HLA-DR, and CD8. In some embodiments, the antibody or binding partner is attached to a solid support or matrix, such as a magnetic sphere or paramagnetic sphere, to allow separation of cells for positive selection and / or negative selection. For example, in some embodiments, cells and cell populations are separated or isolated using immunomagnetic separation (or magnetic affinity) techniques (revised
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33/176 in Methods in Molecular Medicine, vol. 58: Metastasis Research Protocols, Vol. 2: Cell Behavior In Vitro and In Vivo, p 17-25 Edited by: S. A. Brooks and U. Schumacher © Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ).
[0076] In some respects, two or more selection steps can be performed sequentially. For example, the sample or cell composition to be separated is subjected to selection of CD8 + cells, where both the negative and positive fractions are retained. The negative CD8 fraction can also be subjected to selection of CD4 + cells. In some aspects, the sample or cell composition to be separated is subjected to selection of CD4 + cells, where both the negative and positive fractions are retained, and the negative CD4 fraction can be subjected to selection of CD8 + cells. Exemplary methods for cell selection are described in PCT Patent Publication Numbers WO 2015/157384 and / or WO 2015/164675, which are incorporated by reference in their entirety, all or a portion of which can be used in conjunction with the methods here described.
[0077] In some respects, the sample or cell composition to be separated is incubated with small, magnetizable or magnetically responsive material, such as magnetically responsive particles or microparticles, such as paramagnetic spheres (for example, such as Dynalbeds or MACS spheres) . The magnetically responsive material, for example, particle, is usually directly or indirectly attached to a binding partner, for example, an antibody, which specifically binds to a molecule, for example, surface marker, present in the cell, cells, or cell population that is desired to separate, for example, that is desired to select negatively or positively.
[0078] In some embodiments, the particle or magnetic sphere comprises a magnetically responsive material attached to a specific binding member, such as an antibody or other partner
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34/176 connection. There are many well known magnetically responsive materials used in magnetic separation methods. Suitable magnetic particles include those described in Molday, United States Patent No. 4,452,773, and in European Patent EP 452342 B, which are hereby incorporated by reference. Colloidal size particles, such as those described in Owen United States Patent No. 4,795,698, and Liberti et ah, United States Patent No. 5,200,084 are other examples, which are therefore incorporated by reference.
[0079] Incubation is usually carried out under conditions where antibodies or binding partners, or molecules, such as secondary antibodies or other reagents, that specifically bind to such antibodies or binding partners, are attached to the particle or magnetic sphere, it specifically binds to cell surface molecules if present in cells within the sample.
[0080] In some respects, the sample is placed in a magnetic field, and those cells having magnetically responsive or magnetizable particles attached to them will be attached to the magnet and separated from the unlabeled cells. For positive selection, the cells that are attached to the magnet are retained; for negative selection, cells that are not moored (unlabeled cells) are retained. In some aspects, a combination of positive and negative selection is performed during the same selection step, where the positive and negative fractions are retained and further processed or subjected to additional separation steps.
[0081] In certain embodiments, the magnetically responsive particles are coated on primary antibodies or other binding partners, secondary antibodies, lectins, enzymes, or streptavidin. In certain embodiments, the magnetic particles are attached to the cells, via a coating of specific primary antibodies.
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35/176 cos for one or more markers. In certain embodiments, the cells, preferably than the beads, are labeled with a primary antibody or binding partner, and then cell type specific secondary antibody, or another binding partner (e.g., streptavidin), particles coated magnets are added. In certain embodiments, streptavidin-coated magnetic particles are used in conjunction with biotinylated primary or secondary antibodies.
[0082] In some embodiments, the magnetically responsive particles are left attached to the cells that are to be subsequently incubated, cultured and / or developed; in some respects, the particles are left attached to the cells for administration to a patient. In some embodiments, the magnetizable particles or magnetically responsive particles are removed from the cells. Methods for removing magnetizable particles from cells are known and include, for example, the use of competition unlabeled antibodies, magnetizable particles or antibodies conjugated to cleavable ligands, etc. In some embodiments, the magnetizable particles are biodegradable.
[0083] In some embodiments, selection based on affinity is via magnetic activated cell (MACS) classification (Miitenyi Biotech, Auburn, CA). Magnetic Activated Cell Classification Systems (MACS) are capable of selecting high purity cells with magnetized particles attached to them. In certain embodiments, MACS operates in a mode in which the non-target species and target species are sequentially eluted after the application of the external magnetic field. That is, the cells attached to the magnetized particles are held in place while the non-fixed species are eluted. Then, after this first elution step was completed, the species that were dragged into the magnetic field and were prevented
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36/176 of being eluted are freed in such a way that they can be eluted and recovered. In certain embodiments, non-target cells are labeled and depleted from the heterogeneous population of cells.
[0084] In certain embodiments, isolation or separation is performed using a system, device, or apparatus that performs one or more of the isolation, cell preparation, separation, processing, incubation, culture, and / or method formulation steps. In some aspects, the system is used to perform each of these steps in a closed or sterile environment, for example, to minimize error, user manipulation and / or contamination. In one example, the system is a system as described in PCT Patent Publication Number WO 2009/072003, or United States Patent Application Publication Number 2011/0003380 A1, which are incorporated herein by reference. In some respects, the apheresis or leukapheresis product, or a sample derived therefrom, is processed and / or the isolation or selection is performed using a system, device, apparatus, and / or method as described in PCT Patent Publication Number WO 2016 / 073602 or United States Patent Application Publication Number 2016/0122782, the contents of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety. In some embodiments, isolation or separation is carried out according to the methods described in PCT Patent Publication Number WO 2015/164675, the contents of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety.
[0085] In some embodiments, the system or device performs one or more, for example, all, of the isolation, processing, development, and formulation steps in an integrated or self-contained system, and / or in an automatic or programmable mode. In some ways, the system or device includes a computer and / or program
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37/176 computer in communication with the system or device, which allows a user to program, control, evaluate the result of, and / or adjust various aspects of the processing, isolation, development, and formulation steps.
[0086] In some aspects, the separation steps and / or other steps are carried out using the CliniMACS system (Miltenyi Biotic), for example, for automatic separation of cells at a clinical scale level and sterile system. Components can include an integrated microcomputer, magnetic separation unit, peristaltic pump, and several pinch valves. The integrated computer in some aspects controls all components of the instrument and directs the system to perform repeated procedures in a standardized sequence. The magnetic separation unit in some ways includes a movable permanent magnet and a retainer for the selection column. The peristaltic pump controls the flow rate through the entire set of piping and, together with the hose valves, ensures the controlled flow of buffer through the system and continuous cell suspension.
[0087] The CliniMACS system in some aspects uses magnetizable particles coupled to the antibody that are supplied in a sterile, non-pyrogenic solution. In some embodiments, after labeling cells with magnetic particles, the cells are washed to remove excess particles. A cell preparation bag is then connected to the tubing assembly, which, in turn, is connected to a bag containing buffer and a cell collection bag. The tubing set consists of pre-assembled sterile tubing, including a pre-column and a separation column, and are for single use only. After starting the separation program, the system automatically applies the cell sample to the separation column. The labeled cells are retained within the column, while the cells
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38/176 unlabeled cells are removed by a series of washing steps. In some embodiments, the cell population for use with the methods described herein is unlabeled and is not retained in the column. In some embodiments, the cell population for use with the methods described herein is labeled and is retained on the column. In some embodiments, the cell population for use with the methods described here are eluted from the column after removal of the magnetic field, and are collected inside the cell collection bag.
[0088] In certain embodiments, separation steps and / or other steps are performed using the CliniMACS Prodigy system (Miltenyi Biotec). The CliniMACS Prodigy system in some aspects is equipped with a cell processing unit that allows automatic washing and fractionation of cells by centrifugation. The CliniMACS Prodigy system can also include an on-board camera and image recognition software that determines the optimal cell fractionation end point by discerning the macroscopic layers of the source cell product. For example, peripheral blood can be automatically separated into erythrocytes, white blood cells, and layers of plasma. The CliniMACS Prodigy system can also include an integrated cell culture chamber that accompanies cell culture protocols such as, for example, cell differentiation and expansion, antigen loading, and long-term cell culture. Inlet ports can allow for sterile removal and replenishment of medium and cells can be monitored using an integrated microscope. See, for example, Klebanoff et al. (2012) J Immunother. 35 (9): 651-660, Terakuraet al. (2012) Blood. 1: 72-82, and Wang et al. (2012) J Immunother. 35 (9): 689-701.
[0089] In some embodiments, a cell population described here is collected and enriched (or exhausted) via flow cytometry,
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39/176 in which cells stained with multiple cell surface markers are effected in a fluidic stream. In some embodiments, a cell population described here is collected and enriched (or exhausted), via preparative scale classification (FACS). In certain embodiments, a cell population described here is collected and enriched (or depleted) using chips from micro electromechanical systems (MEMS) in combination with a FACS-based detection system. See, for example, WO 2010/033140, Cho et al. (2010) Lab Chip 10, 1567-1573: and Godin et al. (2008) J Biophoton. 1 (5): 355-376. In both cases, cells can be labeled with multiple markers, allowing the isolation of well-defined, high-purity T-cell subsets.
[0090] In some embodiments, antibodies or binding partners are labeled with one or more detectable markers, to facilitate separation of positive selection and / or negative selection. For example, the separation can be based on binding to fluorescently labeled antibodies. In some examples, cell separation based on the binding of antibodies or other specific binding partners for one or more cell surface markers is carried out in a fluidic stream, such as by fluorescence-activated cell classification (FACS), including systems preparative scale (FACS), and / or microelectromechanical system chips (MEMS), for example, in combination with a flow cytometry detection system. Such methods allow positive selection and negative selection based on multiple markers simultaneously.
[0091] In some embodiments, preparation methods include freezing steps, for example, cryopreservation, of the cells, or before or after isolation, incubation, and / or development. In some embodiments, the freezing and subsequent thawing step removes granulocytes and, to a certain extent, mo
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40/176 nocytes in the cell population. In some embodiments, the cells are suspended in a freezing solution, for example, after a washing step to remove plasma and platelets. Any of a variety of freezing solutions and parameters known in some ways can be used. One example involves using PBS containing approximately 20% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and approximately 8% human serum albumin (HSA), or other suitable cell freezing medium. In some respects, the solution is then diluted 1: 1 with medium so that the final concentration of DIVISO and HSA is 10% and 4%, respectively. The cells are then frozen at “80 ^o C. at a rate of Γ per minute, and stored in the vapor phase of a liquid nitrogen storage tank.
[0092] Any of a variety of freezing solutions and parameters known in some ways can be used. In some embodiments, a cell sample may contain a cryopreservation or vitrification medium or solution containing the cryoprotectant. Suitable cryoprotectants include, but are not limited to, DIVISO, glycerol, a glycol, a propylene glycol, an ethylene glycol, propanediol, polyethylene glycol (PEG), 1,2-propanediol (PROH), or a mixture thereof. In some examples, the cryopreservation solution may contain one or more non-cell permeation crocococci, including, but not limited to, polyvinyl pyrrolidione, a hydroxyethyl starch, a polysaccharide, a monosaccharide, an alginate, trehalose, raffmose, dextran, human serum albumin, Ficoll, lipoproteins, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, hydroxyethyl starch, autologous plasma, or a mixture of these. In some embodiments, the cells are suspended in a freezing solution with a final cryoprotectant concentration of between about 1% and about 20%, between about 3% and about 9%, or between about 6% and about 9% by volume. In certain
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41/176 tions, the final concentration of cryoprotectant in the freezing solution is about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 5.5%, about 6%, about 6.5%, about 7%, about 7.5%, about 8%, about 8.5%, about 9%, about 9.5%, or about 10% by volume.
[0093] In particular embodiments, the cells are suspended in a freezing solution with a final concentration of DMSO of between about 1% and about 20%, between about 3% and about 9%, or between about 6 % and about 9% by volume. In certain embodiments, the final concentration of DMSO in the freezing solution is about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 5.5%, about 6%, about 6.5%, about 7%, about 7.5%, about 8%, about 8.5%, about 9%, about 9.5%, or about 10% by volume.
[0094] In some embodiments, the composition is enclosed in one or more bags suitable for cryopreservation (for example, CryoMacs® Freezing Bags, Miltenyi Biotec). In some embodiments, the composition is enclosed in one or more vials suitable for cryopreservation (for example, Cellseal® Bags, Cook Regentec).
[0095] In some embodiments, the methods provided include steps of cultivation, incubation, culture, and / or genetic development or before or subsequent to a cryopreservation step. In some embodiments, at least the genetic development stage is carried out subsequent to a cryopreservation stage. For example, in some embodiments, methods are provided for incubation and / or development of the cryopreserved cell population.
[0096] Thus, in some embodiments, the cell population is incubated in a culture initiation composition. Incubation and / or development can be performed in a culture vessel, such as a unit, chamber, cavity, column, tube, tubing set, valve, flask, culture dish, bag, or other container
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42/176 for cell culture or cultivation.
[0097] In some embodiments, cells are incubated and / or cultured before or in conjunction with genetic development. Incubation steps can include culture, cultivation, stimulation, activation, and / or propagation. In some embodiments, the compositions or cells are incubated in the presence of conditions of stimulation or a stimulating agent. Such conditions include those designed to induce cell proliferation, expansion, activation, and / or survival in the population, to mimic antigen exposure, and / or to initiate cells for genetic development, such as for the introduction of a recombinant antigen receptor. .
[0098] Conditions may include one or more of particular medium, temperature, oxygen content, carbon dioxide content, time, agents, for example, nutrients, amino acids, antibiotics, ions, and / or stimulatory factors, such as cytokines, chemokines, antigens, binding partners, fusion proteins, soluble recombinant receptors, and any other agents designed to activate cells. In some aspects, cells are incubated in the presence of one or more cytokines and, in some embodiments, a cytokine cocktail can be employed, for example, as described in PCT Patent Publication Number WO 2015/157384, which is here incorporated by reference. In some embodiments, cells are incubated with one or more cytokines and / or a cytokine cocktail before, concurrently with, or subsequent to transduction.
[0099] In some embodiments, the stimulation conditions or agents include one or more agent, for example, ligand, which is capable of activating an intracellular signaling domain of a TCR complex. In some ways, the agent transforms or initiates an intracellular TCR / CD3 signaling cascade in a T cell. Such
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43/176 agents can include antibodies, such as those specific for a TCR, for example, anti-CD3. In some embodiments, the stimulation conditions include one or more agent, for example, ligand, which is capable of stimulating a co-stimulatory receptor, for example, anti-CD28. In some embodiments, such agents and / or binders can be attached to the solid support, such as a sphere, and / or one or more cytokines. Optionally, the expansion method may further comprise the step of adding anti-CD3 antibody and / or anti-CD28 antibody to the culture medium (for example, at a concentration of at least about 0.5 ng / ml). In some embodiments, stimulating agents include IL-2, IL-15 and / or IL-7. In some respects, the IL-2 concentration is at least about 10 units / mL [00100] In some respects, incubation is performed according to techniques such as those described in United States Patent No. 6,040,177 to Riddell et al., Klebanoff et al. (2012) J Immunother. 35 (9): 651-660, Terakuraet al. (2012) Blood.1: 72-82, and / or Wang et al. (2012) J Immunother. 35 (9): 689-701. In some respects, incubation is performed using a system, device, apparatus, and / or method, as described in PCT Patent Publication Number WO 2016/073602 or US 2016/0122782, the contents of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety. In some embodiments, incubation and / or cultivation is carried out according to the methods described in PCT Patent Publication Number WO 2015/164675, the contents of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety.
[00101] In some embodiments, T cells are expanded by adding to the culture initiating composition feeder cells, such as non-dividing peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), (for example, such that the resulting population of cells contains at least least about 5, 10, 20, or 40 or more cells there
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44/176 PBMC mentors for each T Hnocyte in the initial population to be expanded); and incubating the culture (for example, long enough to expand T cell numbers). In some respects, non-dividing feeder cells may comprise gamma-irradiated PBMC feeder cells. In some embodiments, PBMCs are irradiated with gamma rays in the range of about 3000 to 3600 rads to prevent cell division. In some respects, feeder cells are added to the culture medium prior to the addition of T cell populations.
[00102] In some embodiments, stimulation conditions include adequate temperature for the growth of human T lymphocytes, for example, at least about 25 degrees Celsius, generally at least about 30 degrees, and generally at or about 37 degrees Celsius . Optionally, the incubation can further comprise addition of non-dividing EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cells (LCL) as feeder cells. LCL can be irradiated with gamma rays in the range of about 6000 to 10,000 rads. LCL feeder cells, in some respects, are provided in any suitable amount, such as a ratio of LCL feeder cells to initial T lymphocytes of at least about 10: 1.
[00103] In the embodiments, antigen specific T cells, such as CD4 ⁺ antigen specific cells and / or CD8 ⁺ T cells, are obtained by stimulation of naive specific T lymphocytes or antigen with antigen. For example, antigen-specific T cell lines or clones can be generated for cytomegalovirus antigens by isolating T cells from infected individuals, and stimulating the cells in vitro with the same antigen.
[00104] In some embodiments, cells are enriched before being cryogenically frozen and / or stored. Advantages of cell enrichment before cryogenic freezing ·
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45/176 can save time and / or storage. For example, when a recipient needs the cells as part of a cell replacement therapy, the cells can be thawed from cryogenic storage and delivered to the recipient without further manipulation. In some embodiments, the methods include enrichment of a cell type or types. In some embodiments, the enriched cells are T cells. In some embodiments, CD4 ⁺ T cells are enriched. In some embodiments, CD8 ⁺ T cells are enriched. In some embodiments, both CD4 ⁺ and CD8 * T cells are enriched. In some embodiments, CD4 ⁺ and CD8 ⁺ T cells are enriched in separate processes. In some embodiments, CD4 ⁺ and CD8 * T cells are enriched in a single process. The enrichment of CD4 ⁺ and / or CD8 ^{+ T} cells can be, for example, as described in PCT Order Publication No. WO 2015/164675, incorporated herein in its entirety.
[00105] In some embodiments, cells are analyzed before being cryogenically stored. In some embodiments, cells can be analyzed to measure cell activity. In some embodiments, the activity is a biological function of the cells. In some embodiments, activity is the ability of cells to assist in an immunological process, including maturation of B cells in plasma cells and / or memory B cells, activation of cytotoxic T cells and / or macrophages, etc. In some embodiments, the activity is the ability of cells to bind to specific ligands or antigens using receptors, receptor-like molecules, antibodies, or antibody-like molecules. In some embodiments, the activity is the cells' ability to recognize and destroy virus-infected cells and tumor cells. In some embodiments, cells are analyzed to measure or
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46/176 tr biological function of cells that is related to or affects the activity of cells.
[00106] Cell selection and / or processing steps may also be, for example, as described in WO2017214207, the contents of which are thus incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, and / or WO2016073602, the contents of which they are, therefore, hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
[00107] Cryogenic freezing methods [00108] In some embodiments, cells, for example, are frozen at a particular cell density, for example, a known or controlled cell density. In certain embodiments, the cell density during the freezing process can affect cell death and / or cell damage that occurs during and / or due to the freezing process.
[00109] For example, in particular embodiments, cell density affects balance, for example, osmotic balance with surroundings during the freezing process. In some embodiments, this balance is, includes, and / or results in dehydration. In certain embodiments, dehydration is or includes cellular dehydration that occurs with contact, combination, and / or incubation with a freezing solution, for example, DIVISO and / or a solution containing DMSO. In particular embodiments, dehydration is or includes dehydration resulting from the nucleation and enlargement of ice crystals in the extracellular space, such as by reducing the concentration of effective liquid water exposed to the cells. In some embodiments, cells are frozen at a cell density that results in slower and / or less rapid dehydration than cells that are frozen at a different, for example, higher or lower, cell density. In some embodiments, the cells are frozen
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47/176 at a cell density that results in at least about 5%, 10%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90 %, 100%, 125%, 150%, 175%, 200%, 1 time, 1 times, 3 times, 4 times, 5 times, 10 times, 50 times, or 100 times slower dehydration than frozen cells at a density different cell, for example, higher or lower, under the same or similar conditions.
[00110] In certain embodiments, the cells are suspended in a freezing solution at a density of between or between about 1x10 ⁶ cells / ml and about 1x10 ⁸ cells / ml, between about 1χ10 ⁶ cells / ml and about 2x10 ⁷ cells / ml, between about 1x10 ⁷ cells / ml and about 5 x10 ⁷ cells / ml or between about 1x10 ⁷ cells / ml and 5x10 ⁷ cells / ml, each inclusive. In certain embodiments, the cells are suspended in the freezing solution at a density of about 1x10 ⁶ cells / ml, about 2x10 ⁶ cells / ml, about 5x10® cells / ml, about 1x10 ⁷ cells / ml, about 1.5x10 ⁷ cells / mL, about 2x10 ⁷ cells / mL, about 2.5x10 ⁷ cells / mL, about 2.5x10 ⁷ cells / mL about 2.5x10 ⁷ cells / mL, about 3x10 ⁷ cells / ml, about 3.5x10 ⁷ cells / ml, about 4 * 10 ⁷ cells / ml, about 4.5x10 ⁷ cells / ml, or about 5x10 ⁷ cells / ml, each inclusive. In certain embodiments, the cells are suspended in the freezing solution at a density of between about 1.5x10 ⁷ cells / ml and about 6x10 ⁷ cells / ml, inclusive. In certain embodiments, the cells are suspended in a freezing solution at a density of at least about 1x10 ⁷ cells / ml. In certain embodiments, the cells are suspended in a freezing solution at a density of between about 5x10® cells / ml and about 150x10® cells / ml, inclusive. In particular embodiments, the cells are suspended in a freezing solution at a density of at least about 1.5 x 10 ⁷ cells / ml. In some embodiments, the cells are viable cells.
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In some embodiments, the cell density is determined by the diameter of the T cell.
[00111] In some embodiments, the cells are frozen in one or more containers. In certain embodiments, the container is a freezing container and / or a cryoprotectant container. Suitable containers for freezing include, but are not limited to, bottles, bags, for example, plastic bags, and cans. In particular embodiments, cells, for example, cells of the same cell composition as a cell composition containing CAR that expresses cells, are frozen at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more than 10 separate containers. For example, in some embodiments, cells and / or a composition of cells are suspended in a volume, for example, as in a solution, a freezing solution, and / or a cryoprotectant, and which is larger than a volume suitable for one container, and thus the volume is placed in two or more containers. In some embodiments, the volume is, is about, or is less than 100 ml, 50 ml, 25 ml, 20 ml, 15 ml, 10 ml, 5 ml, or less than 5 ml, and the cells are frozen in two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, or more than ten separate bottles. In particular embodiments, the same volume of cells is placed in each flask. In some embodiments, the vials are identical vials, for example, vials of the same production, model, and / or manufacturing batch. In particular embodiments, the volume is, is about, or greater than 10 mL, 15 mL, 20 mL, 25 mL, 30 mL, 40 mL, 50 mL, 60 mL, 70 mL, 80 mL, 90 mL, 100 ml, 120 ml, 150 ml, 200 ml, or more than 200 ml, and the cells are frozen in two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, or more than ten separate bags. In particular embodiments, the same volume of cells is placed in each bag. In some embodiments, the bags are identical bags, for example,
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49/176 bags of the same production, model, and / or manufacturing batch.
[00112] In some embodiments, the container is a bottle. In certain embodiments, the container is a flask with a fill volume of, about, or at least 0.5 ml, 1 ml, 2 ml, 3 ml, 4 ml, 5 ml, 6 ml, 7 ml, 8 ml, 9 ml, 10 ml, 11 ml, 12 ml, 13 ml, 14 ml, 15 ml, 16 ml, 17 ml, 18 ml, 19 ml, 20 ml, 25 ml, 30 ml, 35 ml, 40 ml , 45 ml, or 50 ml. In some embodiments, the flask has a fill volume of between 1 ml and 120 ml, 1 ml and 20 ml, 1 ml and 5 ml, 1 ml and 10 ml, 1 ml and 40 ml, or 20 ml and 40 ml, each including. In some embodiments, the vial is a freezing vial, a cryoprotectant vial, and / or a cryovial. Suitable flasks are known and include, but are not limited to, Celilaseal® Flasks (Cook Regentec), and flasks described in United States Patent Nos: US 8,936,905, US 9,565,854 and US 8,709,797, thus incorporated by reference in its entirety.
[00113] In particular embodiments, the container is a bag. In certain embodiments, the container is a bag with a fill volume of, about, or at least 0.5 ml, 1 ml, 2 ml, 3 ml, 4 ml, 5 ml, 6 ml, 7 ml, 8 ml, 9 ml, 10 ml, 11 ml, 12 ml, 13 ml, 14 ml, 15 ml, 16 ml, 17 ml, 18 ml, 19 ml, 20 ml, 25 ml, 30 ml, 35 ml, 40 ml , 45 ml, or 50 ml. In some embodiments, the bag has a fill volume of between 1 ml and 120 ml, 1 ml and 20 ml, 1 ml and 5 ml, 1 ml and 40 ml, 20 ml and 40 ml, 1 ml and 70 ml, or 50 mL and 70 mL, each inclusive. In some embodiments, the bag is filled with a volume of, about, or less than 100 ml, 75 ml, 70 ml, 50 ml, 25 ml, 20 ml, or 10 ml. Suitable bags are known, and include, but are not limited to, CryoMacs® Freezing Bags (Miltenyi Biotec). In certain embodiments, the volume is the volume at room temperature. In some embodiments, the volume is the volume between 37 ° C and 4 ° C, 16 ° C and 27 ° C, inclusive, or in, in
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50/176 about, or at least 16 ° C, 17 ° C, 18 ° C, 19 ° C, 20 ° C, 21 ° C, 22 ° C, 23 ° C, 24 ° C, 25 ° C, 26 ° C, 27 ° C, 28 ° C, 29 ° C, 30 ° C, 31 ° C, 32 ° C, 33 ° C, 34 ° C, 35 ° C, 36 ° C, or 37 ° C. In some embodiments, the volume is the volume at 25 ° C.
[00114] In some embodiments, cells in a volume of medium or solution, for example, freezing solution, between 1 ml and 20 ml are frozen in one or more flasks, inclusive. In some embodiments, the one or more vials have a fill volume of between 1 ml and 5 ml, inclusive. In certain embodiments, cells in a volume of medium or solution, for example, freezing solution, of between 20 ml and 120 ml, inclusive, are frozen in one or more bags. In particular embodiments, the one or more bags have a fill volume of between 20 ml and 40 ml, inclusive. In some embodiments, cells in a volume of medium or solution, for example, freezing solution, 120 mL or greater are frozen in one or more bags. In certain embodiments, the one or more bags have a fill volume of between 50 ml and 70 ml, inclusive.
[00115] In certain embodiments, the cells are frozen in solution, for example, freezing solution, which is placed in a container, for example, a bag or a bottle, in a ratio of surface area to volume. In particular embodiments, the surface area to volume ratio is about 0.1 cm ¹ to 100 cm ¹ ; 1 cm ¹ to 50 cm ^-1 , 1 cm ¹ to 20 cm ¹ , 1 cm ¹ to 10 cm ¹ , 2 cm ¹ to 10 cm ¹ , 3 cm ¹ to 7 cm ¹ , or 3 cm ¹ to 6 cm ¹ , each inclusive. In particular embodiments, the surface area to volume ratio is between or between about 3 cm ¹ to 6 cm ¹ . In some embodiments, the surface area to volume ratio is, is about, or is at least 3 cm ¹ , 4 cm ^-1 , 5 cm ¹ , 6 cm ¹ , or 7 cm ¹ .
[00116] In some embodiments, the cells are frozen at
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-80 ^o C at or at about 1 ° C per minute. In some embodiments, the cells are actively and / or effectively cooled at a rate of or about 1 ° C per minute using a rate controlled refrigerator. In some embodiments, the cells can be frozen with a controlled rate refrigerator. In some respects, rate controlled refrigerators are used to freeze cells with programmed cooling profiles, for example, profiles with multiple cooling and / or heating rates. Such freezing profiles can be programmed to control nucleation, for example, ice formation, for example, to reduce intracellular ice formation. In some embodiments, the temperature selected to start a rapid cooling profile and the end temperature are related to the types of containers and volumes being frozen. In some embodiments, if volumes are very small or vessels have proportions of surface area to volume that are very high, samples will respond very quickly to the immersion temperature, freeze very quickly, and are at risk of intracellular ice formation. In other embodiments, if volumes are very large or vessel diameters have very low surface area to volume ratios, samples will not respond to immersion temperature, freezing will occur very slowly, and samples are at risk for uncontrolled nucleation more late in the profile and damage from the effects of prolonged exposure to cryopreserving agents, for example DIVISO, before ice crystal formation.
[00117] In some embodiments, the cells are frozen using the following profile: a retention step at 4.0 ° C followed by a cooling step of 1.2 ° C per minute until the sample reaches a temperature of -6 ° C. In some respects, the sample is then cooled at a rate of 25 ° C per minute until the chamber
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52/176 containing the sample reaches -65 ° C. In some respects, the sample is then heated at a rate of 15 ° C per minute until the chamber containing the sample reaches ~ 30 ° C. In some respects, the sample is then cooled at a rate of 1 ° C per minute until the sample chamber reaches -40 ° C. In some respects, the sample is then cooled at a rate of 1 ° C per minute until the chamber containing the sample reaches -90 ° C. In some respects, the sample is then kept at -90 ° C until removal from the controlled rate refrigerator.
[00118] In some embodiments, the cells are frozen using the following profile: a retention step at 4.0 ° C followed by a cooling step of 1.2 ° C per minute until the sample reaches a temperature of -6 ° C. In some respects, the sample is then cooled at a rate of 25 ° C per minute until the chamber containing the sample reaches -65 ° C. In some respects, the sample is then heated at a rate of 15 ° C per minute until the chamber containing the sample reaches -30 ° C. In some respects, the sample is then cooled at a rate of ΓΟ per minute until the sample chamber reaches -40 ° C. In some respects, the sample is then cooled at a rate of 10 ° C per minute until the chamber containing the sample reaches -90 ° C. In some respects, the sample is then kept at -90 ° C until removal of the controlled rate refrigerator.
[00119] In some embodiments, the cells are cooled to a temperature of above -80 ° C to 0 ° C before being cryogenically frozen and / or stored. For example, cells can be cooled to -20 ° C, or to a temperature above -80 ° C or lower -20 ° C.
[00120] In some embodiments, cells are cryogenically frozen at a temperature of -210 ° C to -80 ° C before being
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53/176 cryogenically stored. For example, cells can be cryogenically frozen at -210 ° C, or -196 ° C, or -80 ° C.
[00121] In some embodiments, the cells are cooled and / or cryogenically frozen at a rate of 0.1 ° C to 5 ° C per minute. In some embodiments, the cells are cooled and / or cryogenically frozen at a rate of 0.2 ° C to 4 ° C per minute. In some embodiments, the cells are cooled and / or cryogenically frozen at a rate of 0.5 ° C to 3 ° C per minute. In some embodiments, the cells are cooled and / or cryogenically frozen at a rate of 0.5 ° C to 2 ° C per minute. In some embodiments, the cells are cooled and / or cryogenically frozen at a rate of 1 ° C per minute. For example, a way to cool and / or cryogenically freeze the cells at the above rates includes placing the cells in a programmable refrigerator that lowers their temperature there at such rates. Another way of doing this includes placing a flask of cells in a container, in which the flask is surrounded by isopropyl alcohol, and placing the container in a cooled or cryogenically frozen environment. In some embodiments, the cells are stored at a lower temperature than that at which they are frozen using the stepped approach. For example, in some embodiments, storage is at a temperature below -80 ° C, such as below -100, -110, -120, -130, -140, -150, 160 ° C, or lower. In some respects, such storage provides cell maintenance or biological activity to a greater degree and / or for a longer period of time.
[00122] In some embodiments, before cooling or cryogenic freezing, cells are washed to remove certain components in the sample in which the cells exist. For example, cells can be washed to remove plasma and / or platelets. The cells can be washed, for example, as described in the Publi
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54/176 PCT Order No. WO 2015/164675, hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
[00123] In some embodiments, the cells are combined with a freezing solution prior to cooling, cryogenic freezing, and / or cryogenic storage. In some embodiments, the freezing solution leads to greater retention of one or more biological functions of cells after cooling, cryogenic freezing, or cryogenic storage, and after thawing cells, compared to chilled, cryogenically frozen, or cryogenically stored cells. without a freezing solution.
[00124] In some embodiments, the freezing solution includes 0.1% to 50% DMSO by volume, and 0.1% to 20% HSA by weight. In some embodiments, the freezing solution includes 0.5% to 40% DMSO by volume, and 0.2% to 15% HSA by weight. In some embodiments, the freezing solution includes 1% to 30% DMSO by volume, and 0.5% to 10% HSA by weight. In some embodiments, the freezing solution includes 1% to 20% DMSO by volume, and 2% to 7.5% HSA by weight. In some embodiments, the freezing solution includes 5% to 20% DMSO by volume, and 1% to 5% HSA by weight. In some embodiments, the freezing solution includes 10% DMSO by volume, or at either about 7 or 7.5 or 8% DMSO by volume, and 4% HSA by weight. In some embodiments, the above concentrations are concentrations of DMSO and HSA before the freezing solution is combined with the cells. In some embodiments, the above concentrations are concentrations of DMSO and HSA after the freezing solution is combined with the cells.
[00125] In some embodiments, the cells are cryogenically
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55/176 and stored at a temperature of -210 ° C to -80 ° C. In some embodiments, the cells are cryogenically stored at a temperature of -210 ° C to -196 ° C. In some embodiments, the cells are cryogenically stored at a temperature of -196 ° C to -80 ° C. In some embodiments, cells are cryogenically stored in the vapor phase of a liquid nitrogen storage tank.
[00126] In some embodiments, cells are cryogenically stored for a period of 1 day to 12 years. For example, cells can be stored for a period before which they lose viability for use in cell therapy and even the need for recipient treatment. By having cells so-stored until the need for treatment of the recipient, in certain embodiments, the disclosed methods provide an advantage of having the cells readily available when the recipient needs them for cell therapy. In some embodiments, the cells are stored, or deposited, for a period of time greater than or equal to 12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, or 48 hours. In some embodiments, cells are stored or deposited for a period of time greater than or equal to 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, or 4 weeks. In some embodiments, the cells are placed in “long-term storage” or “long-term storage”. In some ways, cells are stored for a period of time greater than or equal to 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5 months, 6 months, 7 months, 8 months, 9 months, 10 months, 11 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, 5 years, 6 years, 7 years, 8 years, 9 years, 10 years, 11 years, 12 years, 13 years, 14 years, 15 years, 16 years, 17 years, 18 years, 19 years, 20 years, 25 years, 30 years, 35 years, 40 years, or more.
[00127] In some embodiments, after the storage period
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56/176 gem, the cells are thawed. In some embodiments, the cells are thawed by raising the temperature of the cells to or above 0 ° C, in order to restore at least a portion of the cells' biological function. In some embodiments, the cells are thawed by raising the temperature of the cells to 37 ° C in order to restore at least a portion of the cells' biological function. According to certain embodiments, thawing involves placing the cells in a container, in a 37 ° C water bath for 60 to 90 seconds.
[00128] In some embodiments, the cells are thawed. In particular embodiments, the cells are thawed quickly, for example, as quickly as possible without overheating the cells or exposing the cells to high temperatures such as above 37 ° C. In some embodiments, rapid thawing reduces and / or prevents exposure of cells to high concentrations of cryoprotectant and / or DMSO. In particular embodiments, the rate at which thawing occurs can be affected by properties of the container, for example, the flask and / or the bag, that the cells are frozen and thawed.
[00129] In particular embodiments, the cells are thawed at a temperature of, about, or less than 7 ° C, 35 ° C, 32 ° C, 30 ° C, 29 ° C, 28 ° C, 27 ° C, 26 ° C, 25 ° C, 24 ° C, 23 ° C, 22 ° C, 21 ° C, 20 ° C, or 15 ° C, or between 15 ° C and 30 ° C, between 23 ° C and 28 ° C, or between 24 ° C and 26 ° C, each inclusive.
[00130] In some embodiments, the cells are defrosted in a heat block, in a dry defrost, or in a water bath. In certain embodiments, the cells are not defrosted in a heat block, dry defrost, or water bath. In some embodiments, the cells are thawed at room temperature.
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57/176 [00131] In some embodiments, the thickness of the container walls affects the rate of cell defrost, just as, for example, cells in thick-walled containers can thaw at a slower rate than in containers with thicker walls. thin. In some embodiments, containers having a low ratio of surface area to volume may have a slow and / or non-uniform defrost rate. In some embodiments, freeze-thawed cells are quickly thawed in a container having a surface area to volume ratio that is, is about, or is at least 1 cm ' ¹ , 2 cm ^-1 , 3 cm ^-1 , 4 cm ^-1 , 5 cm ^-1 , 6 cm ^-1 , or 7 cm ¹ , 8 cm ¹ , 9 cm ¹ , or 10 cm ¹ . In particular embodiments, the cells are thawed in, in, about, or in less than 120 minutes, 90 minutes, 60 minutes, 45 minutes, 30 minutes, 25 minutes, 20 minutes, 15 minutes, or ten minutes. In some embodiments, the cells are thawed for between 10 minutes and 60 minutes, 15 minutes and 45 minutes, or 15 minutes and 25 minutes, each inclusive. In particular embodiments, the cells are thawed in, in, about, or in less than 20 minutes.
[00132] In certain embodiments, thawed cells are rested, for example, incubated or cultured, prior to administration or before any subsequent development and / or processing step. In some embodiments, cells are rested in low and / or undetectable amounts of cryoprotectant, or in the absence of cryoprotectant, for example, DMSO. In particular embodiments, the thawed cells are rested after or immediately after washing steps, for example, to remove cryoprotectant and / or DMSO. In some embodiments, the rest is or includes culture and / or incubation at or about 37 ° C. In some embodiments, rest is performed in the absence of any reagents, for example, stimulatory reagents, ball reagents,
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58/176 or recombinant cytokines, used with and / or associated with any processing or development step. In some embodiments, the cells are rested for, for, or at least 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 6 hours, 8 hours , 12 hours, 18 hours, or 24 hours. In certain embodiments, the cells are rested for, for about, or at least 2 hours.
[00133] In some embodiments, after the storage period, the percentage of viable cells is 24% to 100%. The percentage of viable cells can be determined, for example, by using the trypan blue dye exclusion technique, for example, as described in Schulz et al., Towards a xeno-free and fully chemically defined cryopreservation means for maintaining viability, recovery, and antigen-specific functionality of PBMC during long-term storage, 382 J. Immu. Methods 24, 26, which reveals trypan blue exclusion using the ViCell ™ cell viability analyzer (Beckman Coulter, Krefeld, Germany). Under the trypan blue exclusion technique, for example, dead cells appear blue and are therefore distinguishable from viable cells. The percentage of viable cells can also be determined, for example, by using a flow cytometer or another technique or instrument.
[00134] During the process of cooling, cryogenic freezing, and / or cryogenic storage of the sample or cells, one or more biological functions of the cells are preserved. The use of a freezing solution helps to preserve these biological functions. When cells are thawed, these biological functions are re-stored. In addition to viability, a biological function described above, other biological functions may include the ability of cells to replicate, receptivity to genetic modification, and the ability to assist with immune processes,
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59/176 including maturation of B cells in plasma cells and / or memory B cells, and activation of cytotoxic T cells, and / or macrophages, etc.
[00135] In some embodiments, characteristics of frozen cells including any of the cells and compositions as described, such as cell compositions at a particular concentration or cell density, frozen in the presence of a cryoprotectant and / or filled into a container at a volume particular or ratio of surface to volume, includes improved, increased, and / or faster expansion; improved, increased, and / or enhanced cell survival, and reduced examples of cell death, for example, necrosis, programmed cell death and / or apoptosis; improved, enhanced, and / or increased activity, for example, cytolytic activity; and / or reduced example of senescence or quiescence after thawing than cells frozen by alternating means.
[00136] In particular embodiments, the cells are frozen to a cell density and / or a surface area to volume ratio provided herein, and have reduced cell death, for example, necrosis and / or apoptosis, during and / or resulting from freezing, freezing and / or cryopreservation, as compared to cells frozen at a different cell density and / or a different ratio of surface area to volume under the same or similar conditions. In particular embodiments, the cells are frozen to a cell density and / or a surface area to volume ratio provided herein, and have reduced delayed cell death from, for example, a reduction in the amount of cells that die, for example , via necrosis, programmed cell death, or apoptosis, within 48 hours after freezing, freezing and / or cryopreservation, for example, after thawing frozen cells. In certain embodiments, at least
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60/176 nos or about 5%, 10%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 99% fewer cells die during and / or resulting from freezing and / or cryopreservation as compared to cells that are frozen at a different cell density and / or a different surface area to volume ratio under the same or similar conditions. In certain embodiments, less than 40%, 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%, 1%, 0.1%, or 0.01% of the cells frozen in cell density and / or a proportion of surface area to volume provided die during or as a result of freezing, freezing and / or cryopreservation.
[00137] In some embodiments, the cells are frozen to a cell density and / or a surface area to volume ratio provided herein, and have reduced examples of senescence or quiescence due to and / or resulting from freezing, freezing, and / or cryopreservation, as compared to cells frozen at a different cell density and / or a different ratio of surface area to volume under the same or similar conditions. In particular embodiments, at least or about 5%, 10%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 99% less cells are senescent cells and / or quiescent as compared to cells frozen at a different cell density and / or a different surface area to volume ratio under the same or similar conditions. In certain embodiments, cells are frozen in cell density and / or ratio of surface area to volume provided, and less than 40%, 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%, 1 %, 0.1%, or 0.01% of the cells become senescent and / or quiescent as a result of freezing, freezing, and / or cryopreservation.
[00138] In certain embodiments, cells are frozen, for example, cryocompromised, at a cell density and / or proportion
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61/176 of surface area to volume provided herein, and have improved, faster, and / or faster expansion, for example, under stimulatory conditions such as by incubation with a stimulatory reagent described here, after the cells are thawed, as compared to frozen cells in a different cell density and / or surface area to volume ratio under the same or similar conditions. In particular embodiments, cells expand at a rate that is faster and / or faster by, for, about, or at least 5%, 10%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%, 150%, 200%, 1 time, 1.5 times, 1 time, 3 times, 4 times, 5 times, or 10 times, as compared to frozen cells different cell density and / or different surface area to volume ratio under the same or similar conditions. For example, in some embodiments, the thawed cells reach a limit expansion, for example, a predetermined cell number, density, or factor, such as a 1-time expansion, in, about, or at least 5% , 10%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99%, less than thawed cells that have been frozen to a different cell density and / or a different ratio of surface area to volume under the same or similar conditions.
[00139] In some embodiments, cells are frozen, for example, freeze-dried, at cell density, and have improved, increased, and / or more cytolytic activity, for example, as measured by any assay for measuring cytolytic activity here described, after cells are thawed, as compared to cells frozen at a different cell density, for example, a higher or lower density, under the same or similar conditions. In particular embodiments, cytolytic activity is increased by, by, or by at least 5%, 10%, 20%, 25%,
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30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%, 150%, 200%, 1 time, 1.5 times, 1 time, 3 times, 4 times, 5 times, or 10 times, as compared to cells frozen at a different density under the same or similar conditions.
[00140] Cell modifications [00141] In some embodiments, cells can be modified to, for example, give cells one or more new, enhanced, altered, increased, or decreased activity. In some embodiments, the cells are modified after collection and before cryogenic freezing and / or storage. In some embodiments, cells are modified after thawing after cryogenic storage. Exemplary cell modification methods are described in PCT Order Publication Nos. WO 2016/033570 and WO 2016/115559, hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. Exemplary cell modification methods are also described in WO2017214207, and / or WO2016073602, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
[00142] In some embodiments, activity is a biological function of cells, such as, for example, the ability of cells to assist in immune processes, including maturation of B cells in plasma cells and / or memory B cells, and activation cytotoxic T cells and / or macrophages, etc. In some embodiments, the activity is the ability of cells to bind to specific ligands or antigens using receptors, receptor-like molecules, antibodies, or antibody-like molecules. In some embodiments, the activity is the ability of cells to recognize and destroy virus-infected cells, and tumor cells.
[00143] Genetic Cell Modification [00144] In some embodiments, cell modification includes genetically modifying cells. For example, the genetic modification
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63/176 tica can be as described in PCT Order Publication Nos. WO 2016/033570 and WO 2016/115559, hereby incorporated in their entirety. Exemplary genetic modification methods are also described in WO2017214207, and / or WO2016073602, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
[00145] In some embodiments, genetic modification includes genetically modifying cells in a way that enables cells to express a chimeric molecule comprising a single-stranded variable fragment ("scFv") to recognize a protein. In some embodiments, scFv binds to a specific protein. In some embodiments, scFv is derived from a portion of an antibody that binds to a specific protein. In some embodiments, when scFv is expressed by cells, cells are able to recognize cancer cells and activate them. In some embodiments, scFv binds at least one of an orphaned tyrosine kinase receptor RORI, tEGFR, Her2, LI-CAM, CD19, CD20, CD22, mesothelin, CEA, and hepatitis B surface antigen, anti-folate receptor, CD23, CD24, CD30, CD33, CD38, CD44, EGFR, EGP-2, EGP-4, EPHa2, ErbB2, 3, or 4, FBP, fetal acetylcholine receptor, GD2, GD3, HMW-MAA, IL-22R- alpha, IL-13R-alpha2, kdr, kappa light chain, Lewis Y, L1-cell adhesion molecule, MAGE-A1, mesothelin, MUC1, MUC16, BCMA, IL-13Ra2, FCRL5 / FCRH5, GPRC5D, PSCA, NKG2D Ligands, NY-ESO-1, MART-1, gp100, oncofetal antigen, ROR1, TAG72, VEGF-R2, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), prostate specific antigen, PSMA, Her2 / neu, estrogenic receptor, progesterone receptor, ephrinB2, CD123, CS-1, c-Met, GD-2, and MAGE A3, CE7, Wilms Tumor 1 (WT-1), a cyclin, such as cicllna A1 (CCNA1), and / or biotinylated molecules, and / or molecules expressed by HIV, HCV, HBV, or other pathogens. In some
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64/176 tions, scFv binds CD19. In some embodiments, scFv binds BCMA.
[00146] CARs [00147] In some embodiments, genetic modification includes genetically modifying cells to express one or more chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). Exemplary antigen receptors, including CARs, and methods for developing and introducing such receptors into cells, include those described, for example, in PCT Patent Publication Numbers WO 2000/14257, WO 2013/126726, WO 2012/129514, WO 2014/031687, WO 2013/166321, WO 2013/071154, WO 2013/123061, United States Patent Application Publication Nos. 2002/131960, 2013/287748, 2013/0149337, United States Patent Nos .: 6,451,995. 7,446,190. 8,252,592. 8,339,645. 8,398,282. 7,446,179. 6,410,319. 7,070,995. 7,265,209. 7,354,762. 7,446,191. 8,324,353. and 8,479,118, and European Patent No. EP 2537416, and / or those described by Sadelain et al., Cancer Discov., 3 (4): 388-398 (2013); Davila et al. PLoS ONE 8 (4): e61338 (2013); Turtle et al., Curr. Opin. Immunol ·, 24 (5): 633-39 (2012); Wu et al., Cancer, 18 (2): 160-75 (2012). In some respects, antigen receptors include a CAR as described in United States Patent No. 7,446,190, and those described in PCT Patent Application Publication No. WO 2014/055668 A1. Examples of CARs include CARs as disclosed in any of the aforementioned publications, such as WO 2014/031687, US 8,339,645, US 7,446,179, US 2013/0149337, US 7,446,190, US 8,389,282, Kochenderfer et al. , Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, 10, 267-276 (2013); Wang et al., J. Immunother. 35 (9): 689-701 (2012); and Brentjens et al., Sci Transl Med., 5 (177) (2013). See also WO 2014/031687, U.S. 8,339,645, U.S. 7,446,179, U.S. 2013/0149337, U.S. 7,446,190, and
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U.S. 8,389,282. Chimeric receptors, such as CARs, generally include an extracellular antigen binding domain, such as a portion of an antibody molecule, usually a variable heavy chain (VH) region and / or light variable chain (VL) region of the antibody, for example, a scFv antibody fragment. In some embodiments, chimeric receptors include an extracellular antigen binding domain that is not derived from an antibody molecule, such as a linker or other binding fraction.
[00148] In some embodiments, the receptor-directed antigen is a polypeptide. In some embodiments, it is a carbohydrate or another molecule. In some embodiments, the antigen is selectively expressed or overexpressed in cells of the disease or condition, for example, the tumor or pathogenic cells, as compared to normal cells or non-targeted cells or tissues. In other embodiments, the antigen is expressed on normal cells, and / or is expressed on the developed cells.
[00149] Receptor-directed antigens in some embodiments include orphaned tyrosine kinase receptor RORI, tEGFR, Her2, LI-CAM, CD19, CD20, CD22, mesothelin, CEA, and hepatitis B surface antigen, anti-folate receptor, CD23, CD24, CD30, CD33, CD38, CD44, EGFR, EGP-2, EGP-4, EPHa2, ErbB2, 3, or 4, FBP, fetal aceticollna receptor, GD2, GD3, HMW-MAA, IL-22R- alpha, IL-13R-alpha2, kdr, kappa light chain, Lewis Y, L1-cell adhesion molecule, MAGE-A1, mesothelin, MUC1, MUC16, PSCA, NKG2D Ligands, NY-ESO-1, MART-1, gp100, oncofetal antigen, ROR1, TAG72, VEGF-R2, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), prostate specific antigen, PSMA, Her2 / neu, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, ephrlnB2, CD123, c-Met, GD-2, and MAGE A3, CE7, Wilms Tumor 1 (WT-1), cyclin, such as cyclin A1 (CCNA1), and / or biotinylated molecules, and / or molecules expressed by HIV, HCV,
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HBV, or other pathogens.
[00150] In some embodiments, CAR binds to specific pathogen antigen. In some embodiments, CAR is specific for viral antigens (such as HIV, HCV, HBV, etc.), bacterial antigens, and / or parasitic antigens.
[00151] In some embodiments, the antibody portion of the recombinant receptor, for example, CAR, additionally includes at least a portion of an immunoglobulin constant region, such as a hinge region, for example, a lgG4 hinge region, and / or a CH1 / CL and / or Fc region. In some embodiments, the constant region or portion is a human IgG, such as IgG4 or IgG1. In some respects, the portion of the constant region serves as a spacer region between the antigen recognition component, for example, scFv, and the transmembrane domain. The spacer may be of a length that provides increased cell responsiveness after antigen binding, as compared in the absence of the spacer. Exemplary spacers, for example, hinge regions, include those described in International Patent Application Publication Number WO 2014/031687. In some examples, the spacer is either about 12 amino acids in length, or is no more than 12 amino acids in length. Exemplary spacers include those having at least about 10 to 229 amino acids, about 10 to 200 amino acids, about 10 to 175 amino acids, about 10 to 150 amino acids, about 10 to 125 amino acids, about 10 to 100 amino acids, about 10 to 75 amino acids, about 10 to 50 amino acids, about 10 to 40 amino acids, about 10 to 30 amino acids, about 10 to 20 amino acids, or about 10 to 15 amino acids, and including any integers between the outcomes of any of the listed ranges. In some embodiments, a spacer region has about 12 amino acids or less
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67/176 nos, about 119 amino acids or less, or about 229 amino acids or less. Exemplary spacers include lgG4 articulation alone, lgG4 articulation linked to the CH2 and CH3 domains, or lgG4 articulation linked to the CH3 domain. Exemplary spacers include, but are not limited to, those described in Hudecek et al. Clin. Cancer Res., 19: 3153 (2013), International Patent Application Publication Number WO2014031687, United States Patent No. 8,822,647, or United States Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0271635.
[00152] In some embodiments, the constant region or portion is a human IgG, such as lgG4 or lgG1. In some embodiments, the spacer has the sequence ESKYGPPCPPCP. In some embodiments, the constant region or portion is IgD.
[00153] The antigen recognition domain is usually linked to one or more intracellular signaling components, such as signaling components that mimic activation through an antigen receptor complex, such as a TCR complex, in the case of a CAR, and / or signal, via another cell surface receptor. Thus, in some embodiments, the antigen-binding component (e.g., antibody) is linked to one or more transmembrane and intracellular signaling domains. In some embodiments, the transmembrane domain is fused to the extracellular domain. In one embodiment, a transmembrane domain that is naturally associated with one of the domains on the receptor, for example, CAR, is used. In some examples, the transmembrane domain is selected or modified by amino acid substitution to prevent binding of such domains to the transmembrane domains of the same or different surface membrane proteins to minimize interactions with other members of the receptor complex.
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68/176 [00154] The transmembrane domain, in some embodiments, is derived either from a natural source, or from a synthetic source. Where the source is natural, the domain in some respects is derived from any membrane-bound protein or transmembrane protein. The transmembrane regions include those derived from (i.e., comprise at least the transmembrane region (s) of) the alpha, beta or zeta chain of the T cell receptor, CD28, CD3 epsilon, CD45, CD4, CD5 , CD8, CD9, CD16, CD22, CD33, CD37, CD64, CD80, CD86, CD134, CD137, CD154. Alternatively, the transmembrane domain in some embodiments is synthetic. In some respects, the synthetic transmembrane domain comprises predominantly hydrophobic residues, such as leucine and valine. In some ways, a phenylalanine, tryptophan and valine triplet will be found at each end of a synthetic transmembrane domain. In some embodiments, the connection is by linkers, spacers, and / or transmembrane domain (s).
[00155] Among the intracellular signaling domains are those that mimic or approximate a signal through natural antigen receptors, a signal through such a receptor in combination with a co-stimulatory receptor, and / or a signal through a co-stimulatory receptor alone . In some embodiments, a short oligoor polypeptide linker, for example, a linker between 2 and 10 amino acids in length, such as one containing glycines and serines, for example, glycine-serine double, is present and forms a link between the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic signaling domain of CAR.
[00156] The receiver, for example, the CAR, generally includes at least one intracellular signaling component or components. In some embodiments, the receptor includes an intracellular component of a TCR complex, such as a CD3 TCR chain that in
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69/176 termedia T cell activation and cytotoxicity, for example, CD3 zeta chain. Thus, in some respects, the antigen binding portion is linked to one or more cell signaling modules. In some embodiments, cell signaling modules include CD3 transmembrane domain, CD3 intracellular signaling domains, and / or other CD transmembrane domains. In some embodiments, the receptor, for example, CAR, further includes a portion of one or more additional molecules, such as Fc receptor y, CD8, CD4, CD25, or CD16. For example, in some respects, the CAR or other chimeric receptor includes a chimeric molecule between CD3-zeta (ΟΟ3 ~ ζ) or Fc receptor y and CD8, CD4, CD25 or CD16.
[00157] In some embodiments, after binding of the CAR or other chimeric receptor, the cytoplasmic domain or intracellular signaling domain of the receptor activates at least one of the normal effector functions or immune cell responses, for example, T cell developed to express the CAR . For example, in some contexts, CAR induces a T cell function such as cytolytic activity or T helper activity, such as secretion of cytokines or other factors. In some embodiments, a truncated portion of an intracellular signaling domain of a component of antigen receptors or co-stimulatory molecule, is used in place of an intact immunostimulatory chain, for example, if the effector function signal is transduced. In some embodiments, the intracellular signaling domain or domains include the cytoplasmic sequences of the T cell receptor (TCR), and, in some aspects, also those of coreceptors that in the natural context act in concert with such receptors to initiate signal transduction after engagement of antigen receptors.
[00158] In the context of a natural TCR, full activation generally requires not only signaling through the TCR, but also a si
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70/176 nal co-stimulatory. Thus, in some embodiments, to promote full activation, a component for generating secondary or co-stimulatory signals is also included in the CAR. In other embodiments, the CAR does not include a component for generating a co-stimulatory signal. In some respects, an additional CAR is expressed in the same cell, and provides the component for generating the secondary signal or co-stimulatory signal.
[00159] T cell activation is, in some respects, described as being mediated by two classes of cytoplastic signal sequences: those that initiate primary antigen-dependent activation through the TCR (primary cytoplastic signal sequences), and those that act in an antigen-dependent manner to provide a secondary or co-stimulatory signal (primary cytoplastic signal sequences). In some respects, the CAR includes one or both of such signaling components.
[00160] In some respects, the CAR includes a primary cytoplastic signaling sequence that regulates primary activation of the TCR complex. Primary cytoplastic signal sequences that act in a stimulatory manner can contain signaling motifs that are known as tyrosine immunoreceptor-based activation motifs, or ITAMs. Examples of ITAMs containing primary cytoplastic signal sequences include those derived from the CD3 zeta chain, FcR gamma, CD3 gamma, CD3 delta and CD3 epsilon. In some embodiments, the cytoplasmic signaling molecule (s) in the CAR contains a cytoplasmic signaling domain, portion thereof, or sequence derived from CD3 zeta.
[00161] In some embodiments, the CAR includes a signaling domain and / or transmembrane portion of a co-stimulatory receptor, such as CD28, 4-1 BB, 0X40, DAP10, and ICOS. In some respects, the same CAR includes both the activation and coestiPetition components 870190113976, from 11/07/2019, p. 75/181
71/176 mulatories.
[00162] In some embodiments, the activation domain is included within the CAR, where the co-stimulatory component is provided by another CAR that recognizes another antigen. In some embodiments, CARs include activation or stimulatory CARs, both expressed in the same cell (see WO2014 / 055668). In some aspects, cells include one or more stimulatory or activating CAR, and / or a co-stimulatory CAR. In some embodiments, cells further include inhibitory CARs (iCARs, see Fedorov et al., Sei. Transi. Medicine, 5 (215) (2013)), such as a CAR that recognizes an antigen other than that associated with e / or specific to the disease or condition whereby an activation signal distributed through the targeted CAR of the disease is decreased or inhibited by binding the inhibitory CAR to its ligand, for example, to reduce non-target effects.
[00163] In certain embodiments, the intracellular signaling domain comprises a CD28 transmembrane and signaling domain linked to a CD3 intracellular domain (e.g., CD3-zeta). In some embodiments, the intracellular signaling domain comprises chimeric co-stimulatory domains CD28 and CD137 (4-1 BB, TNFRSF9), linked to an intracellular CD3 zeta domain.
[00164] In some embodiments, the CAR involves one or more, for example, two or more, co-stimulatory domains and an activation domain, for example, primary activation domain, in the cytoplasmic portion. Exemplary CARs include intracellular components of CD3-zeta, CD28, and 4-1 BB.
[00165] In some embodiments, CAR or other antigen receptors further include a marker, such as a cell surface marker, which can be used to confirm transduction or cell development to express the receptor, such as a truncated version of a cell surface receptor, such as a
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Truncated EGFR (tEGFR). In some respects, the marker includes all or part (eg, truncated form) of PSMA, Her2, CD34, NGFR, or epidermal growth factor receptor (eg, tEGFR). In some embodiments, the nucleic acid encoding the marker is operably linked to a polynucleotide that encodes a linker sequence, such as a cleavable linker sequence, for example, T2A. For example, a marker, and, optionally, a linker sequence, can be any as disclosed in PCT Patent Application Publication No. WO 2014 031687, which is incorporated herein by reference. In some embodiments, the marker may be as described in PCT Patent Application Publication No. WO 2011/056894, the contents of which are incorporated in their entirety. For example, the marker can be a truncated EGFR (tEGFR) which is optionally linked to a linker sequence, such as a cleavable T2A linker sequence.
[00166] In some embodiments, the marker is a molecule, for example, cell surface protein, not naturally found in T cells, or not naturally found on the surface of T cells, or a portion thereof. In some embodiments, the molecule is a non-auto molecule, for example, non-auto protein, that is, one that is not recognized as “auto” by the host's immune system in which the cells will be adoptively transferred.
[00167] In some embodiments, the marker serves for non-therapeutic function and / or has no effect other than to be used as a marker for genetic engineering, for example, for the selection of successfully developed cells. In other embodiments, the marker may be a therapeutic molecule or molecule, otherwise having some desired effect, such as a ligand for a cell to be found in vivo, such as a co-stimulatory or immune checkpoint molecule to enhance and /or
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73/176 dampen cell responses after adoptive transfer and find ligand.
[00168] In some cases, CARs are referred to as first, second, and / or third generation CARs. In some respects, a first generation CAR is one that only provides a signal-induced CD3 chain after antigen binding; in some respects, second generation CAR is one that provides such a signal and co-stimulatory signal, such as one including an intracellular signaling domain of a co-stimulatory receptor such as CD28 or CD137; in some respects, a third generation CAR is one that includes multiple co-stimulatory domains from different co-stimulatory receptors.
[00169] In some embodiments, the chimeric antigen receptor includes an extracellular portion containing an antibody or antibody fragment. In some respects, the chimeric antigen receptor includes an extracellular portion containing the antibody or fragment, and an intracellular signaling domain. In some embodiments, the antibody or fragment includes an scFv and the intracellular domain contains an ITAM. In some respects, the intracellular signaling domain includes a signaling domain of a zeta chain of a CD3-zeta chain (Οϋ3ζ). In some embodiments, the chimeric antigen receptor includes a transmembrane domain that links the extracellular domain and the intracellular signaling domain. In some respects, the transmembrane domain contains a transmembrane portion of CD28. In some embodiments, the chimeric antigen receptor contains an intracellular domain of a T cell co-stimulatory molecule. The extracellular domain and transmembrane domain can be linked directly or indirectly. In some embodiments, the extracellular domain and transmembrane domain are linked by a spacer, such as any described herein. In some embodiments, the receptor contains an extracellular portion of the molecule
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74/176 la from which the transmembrane domain is derived, such as an extracellular portion of CD28. In some embodiments, the chimeric antigen receptor contains an intracellular domain derived from a T cell co-stimulatory molecule, or a functional variant thereof, such as between the transmembrane domain and the intracellular signaling domain. In some ways, the T cell co-stimulatory molecule is CD28 or 41 BB.
[00170] For example, in some embodiments, the CAR contains an antibody, for example, an antibody fragment, a transmembrane domain that is or contains a transmembrane portion of CD28 or a functional variant thereof, and an intracellular signaling domain containing a CD28 signaling portion, or functional variant thereof, and a CD3 zeta signaling portion, or functional variant thereof. In some embodiments, the CAR contains an antibody, for example, antibody fragment, a transmembrane domain that is or contains a transmembrane portion of CD28, or a functional variant thereof, and an intracellular signaling domain containing a signaling portion of a 4-1 BB, or functional variant thereof, and a portion of CD3 signaling zeta, or functional variant thereof. In some such embodiments, the receiver further includes a spacer containing a portion of an Ig molecule, such as a human Ig molecule, such as an Ig joint, for example, an IgG4 joint, such as a single-joint spacer .
[00171] In some embodiments, the transmembrane domain of the recombinant receptor, for example, the CAR, is or includes a transmembrane domain of human CD28 (for example Accession No. P01747.1), or a variant thereof.
[00172] In some embodiments, the intracellular signaling component (s) of the recombinant receptor, for example the CAR, con
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75/176 has an intracellular co-stimulatory signaling domain of human CD28, or a functional variant or portion thereof, such as a domain with an LL to GG substitution of positions 186-187 of a native CD28 protein. In some embodiments, the intracellular domain comprises a 4-1 BB intracellular co-stimulatory signaling domain (for example (Accession No. Q07011.1), or functional variant or portion thereof.
[00173] In some embodiments, the recombinant receptor intracellular signaling domain, for example, CAR, comprises a CD3 zeta CD3 stimulatory signaling domain, or functional variant thereof, such as a 112 AA cytoplasmic domain of human ΟΟ3ζ isoform 3 (Accession No .: P20963.2), or a CD3 zeta signaling domain as described in United States Patent No. 7,446,190, or United States Patent No. 8,911,993 [00174] In some respects, the spacer contains only one region of an IgG joint, such as only a joint of lgG4 or lgG1. In other embodiments, the spacer is or contains an Ig joint, for example, an IgG4 derived joint, optionally linked to a CH2 and / or CH3 domain. In some embodiments, the spacer is an Ig joint, for example, an IgG4 joint, linked to the CH2 and CH3 domains. In some embodiments, the spacer is an Ig joint, for example, an IgG4 joint, linked to a CH3 domain only. In some embodiments, the spacer is or comprises a rich glycine-serine sequence or other flexible linker, such as known flexible linkers.
[00175] For example, in some embodiments, the CAR includes an antibody such as an antibody fragment, including scFvs, a spacer, such as a spacer containing a portion of an immunoglobulin molecule, such as a hinge region and / or an
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76/176 or more constant regions of a heavy chain molecule, such as an Ig joint containing a spacer, a transmembrane domain containing all or a portion of a transmembrane domain derived from CD28, an intracellular signaling domain derived from CD28, and a CD3 zeta signaling domain. In some embodiments, the CAR includes an antibody or fragment, such as scFv, a spacer such as any of the Ig joints containing spacers, a transmembrane domain derived from CD28, an intracellular signaling domain derived from 4-1 BB, and a signaling domain derived from CD3 zeta.
[00176] In some embodiments, nucleic acid molecules encoding such CAR constructs further include a sequence encoding a sequence encoding a T2A ribosomal element and / or a tEGFR sequence, for example, downstream of the sequence encoding the CAR . In some embodiments, T cells that express antigen receptors (for example CAR) can also be generated to express a truncated EGFR (EGFRt) as a non-immunogenic selection epitope (for example, by introducing a construct that encodes the CAR and EGFRt separated by a T2A ribosome alteration to express two proteins of the same construct), which can then be used as a marker to detect such cells (see, for example, United States Patent No. 8,802,374).
[00177] Recombinant receptors, such as CARs, expressed by cells administered to the individual generally recognize or specifically bind to a molecule that is expressed in association with, and / or specific to, the disease or condition, or cells thereof being treated. After specific binding to the molecule, for example, antigen, the receptor usually distributes an immunostimulatory signal, such as an ITAM transduced signal, in the cell, thus, PROPetition 870190113976, from 11/07/2019, pg. 81/181
77/176 moving the immune response directed to the disease or condition. For example, in some embodiments, cells express a CAR that specifically binds to an antigen expressed by a cell or tissue of the disease or condition, or associated with the disease or condition.
[00178] TCRs [00179] In some embodiments, genetic modification includes genetically modifying cells to express one or more T cell receptors (TCRs), or antigen-binding portion of these that recognize a peptide epitope or T cell epitope of a target polypeptide, such as a tumor antigen, viral or autoimmune protein.
[00180] In some embodiments, a "T cell receptor" or "TCR" is a molecule that contains α and β variable chains (also known as TCRa and TCRp, respectively), or y and δ variable chains (also known as TCR ye Δ TCR, respectively), or antigen binding portions thereof, and which is able to specifically bind to a peptide bound to an MHC molecule. In some embodiments, the TCR is in αβ form. Typically, the TCRs that exist in αβ and yõ forms are generally structurally similar, but the T cells that express them may have different anatomical locations, or functions. A TCR can be found on the surface of a cell, or in soluble form. Usually, a TCR is found on the surface of T cells (or T lymphocytes) where it is generally responsible for the recognition of antigens bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules.
[00181] Unless otherwise stated, the term "TCR" should be understood to encompass total TCRs, as well as antigen binding portions or antigen binding fragments thereof. In some embodiments, the TCR is an intact or long TCR
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78/176 total, including TCRs in αβ or yõ form. In some embodiments, the TCR is an antigen-binding portion that is less than a full-length TCR, but that binds to a specific peptide bound in an MHC molecule, just as it binds to an MHC-peptide complex . In some cases, an antigen-binding portion or fragment of a TCR may contain only a portion of the structural domains of a full-length or intact TCR, but is still capable of binding to the peptide epitope, such as MHC- peptide, to which the total TCR binds. In some cases, an antigen binding portion contains the variable domains of a TCR, such as variable α chain and variable β chain of a TCR, sufficient to form a binding site for binding to a specific MHC-peptide complex. Generally, the variable chains of a TCR contain complementarity determining regions involved in the recognition of the peptide, MHC and / or MHC peptide complex.
[00182] In some embodiments, the variable domains of the TCR contain hypervariable loops, or complementarity determining regions (CDRs), which are generally the primary contributors to antigen recognition and binding and specificity capabilities. In some embodiments, a TCR CDR, or combination thereof, forms all or substantially all of the antigen binding site of a given TCR molecule. The various CDRs within a variable region of a TCR chain are usually separated by structure regions (FRs), which generally reveal less variability between TCR molecules, as compared to CDRs (see, for example, Jores et al., Proc Nat'l Acad. Sci. USA 87: 9138, 1990; Chothia et al., EMBO J. 7: 3745, 1988; see also Lefranc et al., Dev. Comp. Immunol. 27:55, 2003). In some embodiments, CDR3 is the primary CDR responsible for antigen binding or specificity
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79/176 no, or is the most important among the three CDRs in a given variable region of TCR for antigen recognition, and / or for interaction with the processed peptide portion of the peptide-MHC complex. In some contexts, CDR1 of the alpha chain can interact with the N-terminal part of certain antigenic peptides. In some contexts, CDR1 of the beta chain can interact with the C-terminal part of the peptide. In some contexts, CDR2 contributes more strongly to, or is the primary CDR responsible for, interaction with, or recognition of, the MHC portion of the MHC-peptide Complex. In some embodiments, the variable region of the β chain may contain an additional hypervariable region (CDR4 or HVR4), which is generally involved in superantigen binding and non-antigen recognition (Kotb (1995) Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 8: 411-426) .
[00183] In some embodiments, a TCR may also contain a constant domain, a transmembrane domain, and / or a short cytoplasmic tail (see, for example, Janeway et al., Immunobiology: The Immune System in Health and Disease, 3rd Ed., Current Biology Publications, p. 4:33, 1997). In some respects, each TCR chain may have an N-terminal imonoglobulin variable domain, an imonoglobulin constant domain, a transmembrane region, and a short cytoplasmic tail at the C-terminal end. In some embodiments, a TCR is associated with invariant proteins of the CD3 complex involved in mediating the transduction signal.
[00184] In some embodiments, a TCR chain contains one or more constant domains. For example, the extracellular portion of a given TCR chain (for example, α-chain or β-chain) can contain two immunoglobulin-like domains, such as a variable domain (for example, Va or Vp; typically amino acids 1 to 116 based on Kabat numbering (Kabat et al., Sequences of
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Proteins of Immunological Interest, US Dept. Health and Human Services, Public Health Service National Institutes of Health, 1991, 5th ed.)), And a constant domain (for example, α-chain or Ca constant domain, typically 117 to 259 chain positions based on Kabat numbering , or β chain constant domain, or Cp, typically positions 117a to 295 of the Kabat-based chain) adjacent to the cell membrane. For example, in some cases, the extracellular portion of the TCR formed by the two chains contains two proximal membrane constant domains, and two distal membrane variable domains, whose variable domains each contain CDRs. The TCR constant domain can contain short connection sequences in which a cysteine residue forms a disulfide bond, thereby linking the two TCR chains. In some embodiments, a TCR may have an additional cysteine residue in each of the o and β chains, such that the TCR contains days of disulfide bonds in the constant domains.
[00185] In some embodiments, the TCR chains contain a transmembrane domain. In some embodiments, the transmembrane domain is positively charged. In some cases, the TCR chain contains a cytoplasmic tail. In some cases, the structure allows the TCR to associate with other molecules similar to CD3 and subunits thereof. For example, a TCR containing constant domains with a transmembrane region can anchor the protein in the cell membrane and is associated with invariant subunits of the CD3 or complex signaling apparatus. The intracellular tails of CD3 signaling subunits (for example, CD3y, CD3o, CD3s and ΰΟ3ζ chains) contain one or more activation motives based on tyrosine immunoreceptor or ITAM that are involved in the signaling ability of the TCR complex.
[00186] In some embodiments, the TCR can be a heterodyne
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81/176 mere of two chains α and β (or, optionally, y and õ), or it can be a single-stranded TCR construct. In some embodiments, the TCR is a heterodimer containing two separate chains (α and β chains or γ and õ chains) that are linked, such as by a disulfide bond or disulfide bonds.
[00187] In some embodiments, the TCR can be generated from a known TCR sequence (s), such as να, β chain sequences, for which a substantially full length coding sequence is readily available. Methods for obtaining full-length TCR sequences, including V-chain sequences, from cell sources are well known. In some embodiments, nucleic acids encoding TCR can be obtained from a variety of sources, such as by amplifying the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of nucleic acids encoding TCR within or isolated from a given cell or cells, or synthesis of publicly available TCR DNA sequences.
[00188] In some embodiments, TCR is obtained from a biological source, such as cells such as a T cell (e.g., cytotoxic T cell), T cell hybridomas, or other publicly available source. In some embodiments, T cells can be obtained from cells isolated in vivo. In some embodiments, the TCR is the TCR timically selected. In some embodiments, the TCR is a restricted neoepitope TCR. In some embodiments, T cells can be a cultured T cell hybridoma or clone. In some embodiments, the TCR or antigen binding portion thereof can be synthetically generated from knowledge of the TCR sequence.
[00189] In some embodiments, the TCR is generated from a TCR identified or selected from a library of candidate TCRs against a target polypeptide antigen, or epitope
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82/176 of its target T cell. TOR libraries can be generated by amplifying the Va and νβ repertoire of T cells isolated from an individual, including cells present in PBMCs, spleen, or other lymphoid organ. In some cases, T cells can be amplified from tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). In some embodiments, TCR libraries can be generated from CD4 ⁺ cells or CD8 + cells. In some embodiments, TCRs can be amplified from a normal healthy individual's T cell source, i.e., normal TCR libraries. In some embodiments, TCRs can be amplified from a sick individual's T cell source, i.e., sick TCR libraries. In some embodiments, degenerate primers are used to amplify the Va and νβ gene repertoire, such as by RT-PCR in samples, such as T cells, obtained from humans. In some embodiments, scTv libraries can be assembled from naive Va and Vp libraries in which the amplified products are cloned or assembled to be separated by a linker. Depending on the individual's source and cells, the libraries may be specific for HLA alleles. Alternatively, in some embodiments, TCR libraries can be generated by mutagenesis or diversification of a parent molecule or support TCR molecule. In some aspects, TCRs undergo targeted evolution, such as mutagenesis, for example, of the α chain or β chain. In some respects, particular waste within the TCR's CDRs is altered. In some embodiments, the selected TCRs can be modified by affinity maturation. In some embodiments, antigen-specific T cells can be selected, such as by classification to assess CTL activity against the peptide. In some respects, TCRs, for example, present in antigen-specific T cells, can be selected, such as by binding activity, for example, affection 870190113976, from 11/7/2019, pg. 87/181
83/176 particularity or avidity for the antigen.
[00190] In some embodiments, the TCR, or antigen binding portion thereof, is one that has been modified or developed. In some embodiments, directed evolution methods are used to generate TCRs with altered properties, such as with higher affinity for a specific MHC-peptide complex. In some embodiments, targeted evolution is achieved by display methods including, but not limited to, yeast display (Holler et al. (2003) Nat Immunol, 4, 55-62; Holler et al. (2000) Proc Natl Acad Sei USA, 97, 5387-92), phage display (Li et al. (2005) Nat Biotechnol, 23, 349-54), or T cell display (Chervin et al. (2008) J Immunol Methods, 339, 175-84 ). In some embodiments, display approaches involve developing, or modifying, a known source or reference TCR. For example, in some cases, a wild-type TCR can be used as a model for producing mutagenized TCRs in which one or more CDR residues are mutated, and mutants with a desired altered property, such as higher affinity for an antigen desired target, are selected.
[00191] In some embodiments, peptides from a target polypeptide for use in producing or generating a TCR of interest are known, or can be readily identified by a person skilled in the art. In some embodiments, peptides suitable for use in generating TCRs or antigen binding moieties can be determined based on the presence of an HLA-restricted motif in a target polypeptide of interest, such as a target polypeptide described below. In some embodiments, HLA-A0201 binding motifs, dividing sites for proteasomes and immune prototomes, and peptides are identified using computer prediction models known to those skilled in the art. And bad
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84/176 some embodiments, for predicting MHC class I binding sites, such models include, but are not limited to, ProPredl (Singh and Raghava (2001) Bioinformatics 17 (12): 1236-1237), and SYFPEITHI (see Schuler et ah (2007) Immunoinformatics Methods in Molecular Biology, 409 (1): 75-93 2007). In some embodiments, the MHC restricted epitope is HLA-A0201, which is expressed in approximately 39-46% of all Caucasians and therefore represents an appropriate choice of MHC antigen for use in the preparation of a TCR or other binding molecule of MHC-peptide.
[00192] In some embodiments, the TCR, or antigen-binding portion thereof, can be recombinantly produced in the form of natural or mutated protein thereof in which one or more properties, such as binding a characteristic, have been altered. In some embodiments, a TCR can be derived from one of several animal species, such as a human, mouse, rat, or other mammal. A TCR can be attached to the cell, or in soluble form. In some embodiments, for proposing the methods provided, the TCR is in the form of a bound cell expressed on the surface of a cell.
[00193] In some embodiments, the TCR is a full-length TCR. In some embodiments, the TCR is an antigen-binding portion. In some embodiments, the TCR is a dimeric TCR (dTCR). In some embodiments, the TCR is a single chain TCR (sc ~ TCR). In some embodiments, a dTCR or scTCR has the structures as described in WO 03/020763, WO 04/033685, WO 2011/044186, which are incorporated herein by reference.
[00194] In some embodiments, the TCR contains a sequence corresponding to the transmembrane sequence. In some embodiments, the TCR contains a sequence corresponding to cytoplasmic sequences. In some embodiments, the TCR is capable of
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85/176 form a TCR complex with CD3. In some embodiments, any of the TCRs, including a dTCR or scTCR, can be linked to signaling domains that produce an active TCR on the surface of a T cell. In some embodiments, the TCR is expressed on the cell surface.
[00195] In some embodiments, a dTCR contains a first polypeptide in which a sequence corresponding to an α-chain variable region sequence of TCR is fused to the terminal N of a sequence corresponding to an extracellular sequence of TCR α chain constant region , and a second polypeptide in which a sequence corresponding to a TCR β chain variable region sequence is fused to the N-terminus of a sequence corresponding to a TCR β chain constant region extracellular sequence, the first and second polypeptides being linked by a disulfide bond. In some embodiments, the bond may correspond to the native interchain disulfide bond present in the native dimeric αβ TCRs. In some embodiments, the interchain disulfide bonds are not present in a native TCR. For example, in some embodiments, one or more cysteines can be incorporated into the extracellular sequences of the dTCR pair polypeptide constant. In some cases, both a native disulfide bond and a non-native disulfide bond may be desirable. In some embodiments, the TCR contains a transmembrane sequence to anchor to the membrane.
[00196] In some embodiments, a dTCR contains a α chain of TCR containing a variable α domain, a constant α domain, and a first dimerization motif attached to the C-terminal of the constant α domain, and a β TCR chain comprising a variable β domain, a constant β domain, and a first dimerization motif fixed to the C-terminal of the constant β domain, in which the first and
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According to dimerization motifs, they easily interact to form a covalent bond between an amino acid in the first dimerization motif, and an amino acid in the second dimerization motif that links the α chain of TCR and β chain of TCR together.
[00197] In some embodiments, the TCR is a scTCR. Typically, a scTCR can be generated using methods known to those skilled in the art, see, for example, Soo Hoc, W. F. et al. PNAS (USA) 89, 4759 (1992); Wülfing, C. and Plückthun, A., J. Mol. Biol. 242, 655 (1994); Kurucz, I. et al. PNAS (USA) 90 3830 (1993); PCT Order Publication Nos. WO 96/13593, WO 96/18105, W099 / 60120, WO99 / 18129, WO 03/020763, WO 2011/044186; and Schlueter, C. J. et al. J. Mol. Biol. 256, 859 (1996). In some embodiments, a scTCR contains a non-native disulfide chain link introduced to facilitate the association of CR chains (see, for example, PCT Order Publication No. WO 03/020763, which is incorporated by reference). In some embodiments, a scTCR is a non-disulfide bound truncated TCR in which heterologous leucine zippers fused to the C-terminals of these facilitate chain association (see, for example, PCT Order Publication No. W099 / 60120, which is here incorporated by reference). In some embodiments, a scTCR contains a TCRa variable domain covalently linked to a TCRp variable domain, via a peptide linker (see, for example, PCT Application Publication No. WO 99/18129, which is incorporated by reference) .
[00198] In some embodiments, a scTCR contains a first segment consisting of an amino acid sequence corresponding to a variable region of α chain of TCR, a second segment consisting of an amino acid sequence corresponding to a variable region of β chain of TCR fused to the N-terminus of an amino acid sequence corresponding to a sequence
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87/176 extracellular TCR β chain constant domain, and a linker sequence that connects the C terminal of the first segment to the N terminal of the second segment.
[00199] In some embodiments, a scTCR contains a first segment consisting of an α-chain variable region sequence fused to the N-terminus of an a-chain constant domain extracellular sequence, and a second segment consisting of a variable region sequence of α β strand fused to the terminal N of a β sequence of constant extracellular chain and transmembrane sequence, and, optionally, a linker sequence that connects the C terminal of the first segment to the N terminal of the second segment.
[00200] In some embodiments, a scTCR contains a first segment consisting of a β chain variable region sequence fused to the N-terminus of a β chain extracellular constant domain sequence, and a second segment consisting of a variable region sequence of β chain α chain fused to the terminal N of a constant extracellular α chain sequence and transmembrane sequence, and, optionally, a linker sequence connecting the C terminal of the first segment to the N terminal of the second segment.
[00201] In some embodiments, the linker of a scTCRs that links the first and second TCR segments can be any linker capable of forming a single polypeptide strand, while retaining the specificity of TCR binding. In some embodiments, the linker sequence may, for example, have the formula -P-AAP-, in which P is proline and AA represents an amino acid sequence in which the amino acids are glycine and / or serine. In some embodiments, the first and second segments are paired so that their variable region sequences are oriented for such a link. Consequently, in some cases, the connector is long enough to cover the distance between the C terminal of the
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88/176 first segment and the terminal N of the second segment, or vice versa, but it is not too long to block or reduce binding of the scTCR to the target ligand. In some embodiments, the linker may contain from or about 10 to 45 amino acids, such as 10 to 30 amino acids or 26 to 41 amino acid residues, for example 29, 30, 31 or 32 amino acids. In some embodiments, the linker has the formula -PGGG- (SGGGG) 5-P- in which P is proline, G is glycine, and S is serine. In some embodiments, the linker has the sequence GSADDAKKDAAKKDGKS.
[00202] In some embodiments, scTCR contains a covalent disulfide bond that binds a residue from the immunoglobulin region of the chain constant domain to a residue from the immunoglobulin region of the β chain constant domain. In some embodiments, the disulfide bond interchain in a native TCR is not present. For example, in some embodiments, one or more cisterns can be incorporated into the extracellular sequences of constant region of the first and second segments of the scTCR polypeptide. In some cases, both a native disulfide bond and a non-native disulfide bond may be desirable.
[00203] In some embodiments of a dTCR or scTCR containing introduced interchain disulfide bonds, native disulfide bonds are not present. In some embodiments, one or more of the native cysteines that form native interchain disulfide bonds are replaced with another residue, such as a serine or alanine. In some embodiments, an introduced disulfide bond can be formed by mutating non-cysteine residues in the first and second segments to cysteine. Exemplary non-native disulfide bonds of a TCR are described in PCT Application Publication No. WO 2006/000830, which is incorporated herein by reference.
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89/176 [00204] In some embodiments, the TCR or antigen binding fragment thereof exhibits an affinity with an equilibrium binding constant between or between about 10-5 and 10-12 M, and all individual values and tracks of these. In some embodiments, the target antigen is an MHC-peptide or linker complex.
[00205] In some embodiments, nucleic acid or nucleic acids encoding a TCR, such as α and β chains, can be amplified by PCR or other suitable medium and cloned into a suitable expression vector or vectors. The expression vector can be any suitable recombinant expression vector, and can be used to transform or transfect any suitable host. Suitable vectors include those designed for propagation and expansion, or for expression, or both, such as plasmids and viruses. [00206] In some embodiments, the vector may be a vector from the pUC series (Fermentas Life Sciences), the pBluescript series (Stratagene, LaJolla, Calif.), The pET series (Novagen, Madison, Wis.), The pGEX series ( Pharmacia Biotech, Uppsala, Sweden), or the pEX series (Clontech, Paio Alto, Calif.). In some cases, bacteriophage vectors, such as AGIO, AGT11, ÀZapll (Stratagene), AEMBL4, and ANM1149, can also be used. In some embodiments, plant expression vectors can be used and include pBI01, pBI101.2, pBI101.3, pBI121 and pBIN19 (Clontech). In some embodiments, animal expression vectors include pEUK-CI, pMAM and pMAMneo (Clontech). In some embodiments, a viral vector is used, such as a retroviral vector.
[00207] In some embodiments, recombinant expression vectors can be prepared using standard recombinant DNA techniques. In some embodiments, the vectors may contain regulatory sequences, such as transcription and translation of initiation and termination codons, which are specific to the type of host
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90/176 (eg bacteria, fungus, plant, or animal) into which the vector is to be introduced, as appropriate, and taking into account whether the vector is DNA or RNA based. In some embodiments, the vector may contain a non-native promoter operably linked to the nucleotide sequences encoding the TCR or antigen-binding portion (or other MHOpeptide-binding molecule). In some embodiments, the promoter may be a non-viral promoter or a viral promoter, such as a cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, an SV40 promoter, an RSV promoter, and a promoter found in the long-term repeat of the murine stem cell. Other promoters known to a technician in the subject are also contemplated.
[00208] In some embodiments, to generate a vector encoding a TCR, the α and β chains are PCR amplified from total cDNA isolated from a T cell clone that expresses the TCR of interest and cloned into an expression vector. In some embodiments, the α and β chains are cloned into the same vector. In some embodiments, the α and β chains are cloned into different vectors. In some embodiments, the generated α and β chains are incorporated into a retroviral vector, for example, a lentiviral vector.
[00209] Multi-directional [00210] In some embodiments, genetic modification includes genetically modifying cells to express two or more genetically developed receptors in the cell, each recognizing the same or a different antigen and, in some embodiments, each including a component different intracellular signaling. Such multi-targeting strategies are described, for example, in PCT Patent Application Publication No .: WO 2014/055668 A1 and Fedorov et al., Sci. Transi. Medicine, 5 (215) (2013).
[00211] For example, in some embodiments, cells include
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91/176 in a receptor that expresses a first genetically engineered antigen receptor (for example, CAR or TCR) that is capable of inducing an activation signal to the cell, usually after specific binding to the antigen recognized by the first receptor, for example, the first antigen. In some embodiments, the cell even includes a second genetically engineered antigen receptor (for example, CAR or TCR), for example, a chimeric co-stimulatory receptor, which is capable of inducing a co-stimulatory signal to the immune cell, usually after specific binding to a second antigen recognized by the second receptor. In some embodiments, the first antigen and the second antigen are the same. In some embodiments, the first antigen and the second antigen are different.
[00212] In some embodiments, the first and / or second genetically engineered antigen receptor (for example CAR or TCR) is able to induce an activation signal to the cell. In some embodiments, the receiver includes an intracellular signaling component containing motifs similar to ITAM or ITAM. In some embodiments, activation induced by the first receptor involves a signal transduction or change in protein expression in the cell resulting in the initiation of an immune response, such as phosphorylation and / or ITAM initiation of an ITAM-mediated signal transduction cascade, formation of an immune synapse and / or grouping of molecules close to the bound receptor (for example, CD4 or CD8, etc.), activation of one or more transcription factors, such as NF-kB and / or AP-1, and / or inducing gene expression of factors, such as cytokine proliferation and / or survival.
[00213] In some embodiments, the first and / or second receptor includes intracellular signaling domains of co-stimulatory receptors, such as CD28, CD137 (4-1 BB), 0X40, and / or ICOS.
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In some embodiments, the first and second receptor includes an intracellular signaling domain from a co-stimulatory receptor that are different. In some embodiments, the first receptor contains a CD28 co-stimulatory signaling region, and the second receptor contains a 4-1 BB co-stimulatory signaling region, or vice versa.
[00214] In some embodiments, the first and / or second receptor includes both an intracellular signaling domain containing motifs similar to ITAM or ITAM, and an intracellular signaling domain of a co-stimulatory receptor.
[00215] In some embodiments, the first receptor contains an intracellular signaling domain containing motifs similar to ITAM or ITAM, and the second receptor contains an intracellular signaling domain of a co-stimulatory receptor. The co-stimulatory signal in combination with the activation signal induced in the same cell is one that results in an immune response, such as a robust and sustained immune response, such as increased gene expression, cytokine secretion and other factors, and mediated effector functions per T cell, such as cell death.
[00216] In some embodiments, neither binding the first receptor alone, nor binding the second receptor alone, induces a robust immune response. In some respects, if only one receptor is bound, the cell becomes tolerated or unresponsive to the antigen, or inhibited, and / or is not induced to proliferate or secrete factors or perform effector functions. In some such embodiments, however, when the plurality of receptors is linked, such as upon meeting a cell that expresses the first and second antigens, a desired response is achieved, such as activation or stimulation of immune activation, for example, as indicated by secretion of one or more cytokines, proliferation, persistence, and / or effecting a
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93/176 immune effector function, such as cytotoxic death of a target cell.
[00217] In some embodiments, the two receptors induce, respectively, an activation signal and an inhibitory signal to the cell, such that binding by one of the receptors to its antigen activates the cell or induces a response, but binding by the second inhibitory receptor to its antigen induces a signal that suppresses or dampens this response. Examples are combinations of activation of CARs and inhibitory CARs or iCARs. Such a strategy can be used, for example, in which CAR activation binds to an antigen expressed in a disease or condition, but which is also expressed in normal cells, and the inhibitory receptor binds to a separate antigen that is expressed in normal cells, but not disease or condition cells.
[00218] In some embodiments, the multi-targeting strategy is employed in a case where an antigen associated with a particular disease or condition is expressed in a non-ill cell and / or is expressed in the developed cell itself, or transiently (for example, after stimulation in association with genetic engineering), or permanently. In such cases, by requiring binding of two separate and individually specific antigen receptors, specificity, selectivity, and / or efficacy can be improved.
[00219] In some embodiments, the plurality of antigens, for example, the first and second antigens, are expressed in the cell, tissue, or disease or condition being targeted, such as in the cancer cell. In some ways, the cell, tissue, disease, or condition is multiple myeloma, or a multiple myeloma cell. In some embodiments, one or more of the plurality of antigens is also generally expressed in a cell that is not desired to target with cell therapy, such as a normal cell or non-sick cell, or tissue, and / or the cells developed . In such con
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94/176 cretization, for requiring connection of multiple receptors to achieve a cell response, specificity and / or efficacy is achieved.
Í00220] In some embodiments, the cell modification is performed based on an analysis of the cells after collection and before they are cryogenically frozen and / or stored. The cells can be modified, based on the analysis, before and / or after cryogenic storage. In some embodiments, the cell modification is performed based on an analysis of the cells after thawing after cryogenic storage. In some embodiments, the analysis involves determining the ratio of CD4 + cells to CD8 + cells. In some embodiments, conditions for post-cryogenic modification, such as cell incubation time, cell incubation temperature, use and concentration of a cell stimulant, and steps for genetically modifying cells, can be selected based on the analysis, can be selected based on the ratio of CD4 + cells to CD8 + cells.
[00221] Vectors for cell development [00222] Polynucleotides (nucleic acid molecules) encoding recombinant receptors and / or TCRs can be included in vectors for cells genetically engineered to express such receptors. In some embodiments, the vectors or constructs contain one or more promoters operably linked to the nucleotide that encodes the polypeptide or receptor to trigger expression of these. In some embodiments, the promoter is operably linked to one or more than one nucleic acid molecule. In some cases, the vector is a viral vector, such as a retroviral vector, for example, a lentiviral vector or a gamma-retroviral vector. In some embodiments, the polynucleotide, such as a vector, that encodes the recombinant receptor is introduced into a composition containing cultured cells, such as by transduction, transfection, or retroviPetition transformation 870190113976, from 11/07/2019, p. 99/181
95/176 rah [00223] Various methods for introducing genetically engineered components, for example, recombinant receptors, for example, CARs or TCRs, are well known, and can be used with the methods and compositions provided. Exemplary methods include those for transferring nucleic acids that encode polypeptides or receptors, including via viral vectors, for example, retroviral or lentiviral, non-viral, or transposon vectors, for example, Sleeping Beauty transposon system. Gene transfer methods can include transduction, electroporation, or another method that results in gene transfer in the cell.
[00224] In some embodiments, gene transfer is accompanied by first stimulation of the cell, such as combining it with a stimulus that induces a response such as proliferation, survival, and / or activation, for example, as measured by expression of a cytokine or activation marker, followed by transduction of activated cells, and expansion in culture to numbers sufficient for clinical applications.
[00225] In some contexts, it may be desired to safeguard against the potential that overexpression of a stimulatory factor (for example, a lymphokine or a cytokine) may potentially result in an undesired result or low efficacy in an individual, such as a factor associated with toxicity in an individual. Thus, in some contexts, the cells developed include segments of the gene that make the cells susceptible to negative selection in vivo, such as after administration in adoptive immunotherapy. For example, in some respects, cells are developed so that they can be eliminated as a result of a change in the patient's in vivo condition to which they are administered. The negative selectable phenotype can result from the insertion of a gene
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96/176 which confers sensitivity to an administered agent, for example, a compound. Negative selectable genes include the Herpes simplex virus type I thymidine kinase (HSV-I TK) gene (Wigler et al., Cell II: 223, I977) that confer sensitivity to ganciclovir, the hypoxanthine phosphibosyltransferase (HPRT) cell gene, the cellular gene adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT), bacterial cytosine deaminase (Mullen et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Scl. USA. 89:33 (1992)), etc.
[00226] In some embodiments, recombinant nucleic acids are transferred into cells using particles of recombinant infectious virus, such as, for example, vectors derived from simian virus 40 (SV40), adenovirus, adeno-associated viruses (AAV), etc. In some embodiments, recombinant nucleic acids are transferred into T cells using recombinant lentiviral vectors, or retroviral vectors, such as gamma-retroviral vectors (see, for example, Koste et al. (2014) Gene Therapy 2014 Apr 3. doi: 10.1038 / gt.2014.25; Carlens et al. (2000) Exp Hematol 28 (10): 1137-46; Alonso-Camino et al. (2013) Mol Ther Nucl Acids 2, e93; Park et al., Trends Biotechnol. 2011 November 29 (11): 550-557).
[00227] In some embodiments, the retroviral vector has a long terminal repeat sequence (LTR), for example, a retroviral vector derived from the Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMLV), myeloproliferative sarcoma virus (MPSV), cell virus murine embryonic stem (MESV), murine stem cell virus (MSCV), spleen outbreak virus (SFFV), or adeno-associated virus (AAV). Many retroviral vectors are derived from murine retrovirus. In some embodiments, the retrovirus includes that derived from any cell source of birds or mammals. Retroviruses are typically amphoteric, meaning that they are capable of infecting host cells of various species, including humans. In one embodiment, the gene to be expressed replaces the retro sequence
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97/176 viral gag, pol, and / or env. A number of illustrative retroviral systems have been described (for example, United States Patent Nos. 5,219,740; 6,207,453; 5,219,740; Miller and Rosman (1989) BioTechniques 7: 980990; Miller, AD (1990) Human Gene Therapy 1: 5-14; Scarpa et al. (1991) Virology 180: 849-852; Bums et al. (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 8033-8037; and Boris-Lawrie and Temin (1993 ) Opin Opinion Genet Develop 3: 102-109).
[00228] Lentiviral transduction methods are known. Exemplary methods are described in, for example, Wang et al. (2012) J. Immunother. 35 (9): 689-701; Cooper et al. (2003) Blood. 101: 16371644; Verhoeyen et al. (2009) Methods Mol Biol. 506: 97-114; and Cavalieri et al. (2003) Blood. 102 (2): 497-505.
[00229] In some embodiments, recombinant nucleic acids are transferred into T cells via electroporation (see, for example, Chicaybam et al, (2013) PLoS ONE 8 (3): e60298 and Van Tedeloo et al. (2000) Gene Therapy 7 (16): 1431-1437). In some embodiments, recombinant nucleic acids are transferred into T cells via transposition (see, for example, Manuri et al. (2010) Hum Gene Ther 21 (4): 427-437; Sharma et al. (2013) Molec Ther Nucl Acids 2, e74; and Huang et al. (2009) Methods Mol Biol 506: 115-126). Other methods of introducing and expressing genetic material into immune cells include calcium phosphate transfection (for example, as described in Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, John Wiley & Sons, New York. NY), protoplast fusion, liposome-mediated transfection cationic; mlcroparticle bombardment facilitated by tungsten particle (Johnston, Nature, 346: 776-777 (1990)); and strontium phosphate DNA coprecipitation (Brash et al., Mol. Cell Biol., 7: 2031-2034 (1987)). In some aspects, a washing step is performed in a centrifugal chamber, for example, the one produced and sold by Biosafe SA, including the one for use with
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98/176 Sepax® and Sepax® 2 systems, including an A200 / F and A-200 centrifugal chamber according to the manufacturer's instructions.
[00230] Other approaches and vectors for transferring the nucleic acids encoding the recombinant products are those described, for example, in PCT Patent Application, Publication No .: WO / 2014055668, and United States Patent No. 7,446,190, which are incorporated here by reference.
[00231] In some embodiments, cells, for example, T cells, can be transfected either during or after expansion, for example, with a T cell receptor (TCR), or a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR). This transfection for the introduction of the desired polypeptide gene or receptor can be performed with any suitable retroviral vector, for example. The genetically modified cell population can then be released from the initial stimulus (the CD3 / CD28 stimulus, for example) and subsequently be stimulated with a second type of stimulus (for example, via a newly introduced receptor). This second type of stimulus can include an antigenic stimulus in the form of an MHC peptide / molecule, the cognate ligand (crosslinking) of the genetically introduced receptor (for example, natural ligand of a CAR), or any ligand (such as an antibody) that binds directly within the structure of the new receptor (for example, by recognizing constant regions within the receptor). See, for example, Cheadle et al, "T cell-based chimeric antigen receptor" Methods Mol Biol. 2012; 907: 645-66 or Barrett et al., Chimeric Antigen Receptor Therapy for Cancer Annual Review of Medicine Vol. 65: 333-347 (2014).
[00232] Among additional nucleic acids, for example, genes for introduction are those to improve the effectiveness of therapy, such as by promoting viability and / or function of transferred cells; ge
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99/176 nes to provide a genetic marker for selection and / or evaluation of cells, such as to evaluate survival or localization in vivo; and genes to enhance safety, for example, by producing the cell susceptible to negative selection in vivo as described by Lupton S. D. et al., Mol. and Cell Biol., 11: 6 (1991); and Riddell et al., Human Gene Therapy 3: 319-338 (1992); see also PCT / US91 / 08442 and PCT / US94 / 05601 publications by Lupton et al. that describe the use of selectable bifunctional fusion genes derived from fusion of a dominant positive selectable marker with a negative selectable marker. See, for example, Riddell et al ·, United States Patent No. 6,040,177, in columns 14-17.
[00233] In some embodiments, cells are incubated and / or cultured before or in conjunction with genetic engineering. Incubation steps can include culture, cultivation, stimulation, activation, and / or propagation. Incubation and / or engineering can be performed in a culture vessel, such as a unit, chamber, cavity, column, tube, set of tubes, valve, flask, culture dish, bag, or other container for culture or cultivation of cells. In some embodiments, the compositions or cells are incubated in the presence of conditions of stimulation, or a stimulating agent. Such conditions include those designed to induce cell proliferation, expansion, activation, and / or survival in the population, to mimic antigen exposure, and / or to initiate cells for genetic engineering, such as for the introduction of a recombinant antigen receptor. . In some embodiments, one or more of the Incubation steps can be performed using an oscillating bioreactor, such as the WAVE ™ bioreactor (GE Healthcare) or BIOSTAT® RM (Sartorius). In some embodiments, one or more of the incubation steps can be performed using a static bioreactor or incubation chamber. In specific embodiments, an anti-shear agent, for example
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100/176 example, a poloxamer can be added to the composition using an oscillating bioreactor for one or more incubation steps.
[00234] Conditions may include one or more of particular medium, temperature, oxygen content, carbon dioxide content, time, agents, for example, nutrients, amino acids, antibiotics, ions, and / or stimulatory factors, such as cytokines, chemokines, antigens, binding members, fusion proteins, soluble recombinant receptors, and any other agents designed to activate cells. In some aspects, cells are incubated in the presence of one or more cytokines and, in some embodiments, a cytokine cocktail can be employed, for example, as described in PCT Patent Publication Number WO 2015/157384, which is incorporated by reference. In some embodiments, cells are incubated with one or more cytokines and / or a cytokine cocktail before, concurrently with, or subsequent to transduction. [00235] In some embodiments, the stimulation conditions or agents include one or more agents, for example, ligand, which is capable of activating an intracellular signaling domain of a TCR complex. In some aspects, the agent binds or initiates a cascade of intracellular TCR / CD3 signaling in a T cell. Such agents may include antibodies, such as those specific to a TCR component, for example, anti-CD3. In some embodiments, the stimulation conditions include one or more agents, for example, ligand, which is capable of stimulating a co-stimulatory receptor, for example, anti-CD28. In some embodiments, such agents and / or binders can be attached to a solid support, such as a sphere, and / or one or more cytokines. Optionally, the expansion method may further comprise the step of adding anti-CD3 antibody and / or anti CD28 antibody to the culture medium (for example, at a concentration of at least about 0.5 ng / ml). In some
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101/176 tions, stimulation agents include IL-2, and / or IL-15, for example, an IL-2 concentration of at least about 10 units / mL [00236] In some respects, incubation is performed according to techniques such as those described in United States Patent No. 6,040,177 to Riddell et al., Klebanoff et al. (2012) J Immunother. 35 (9): 651-660, Terakuraet al. (2012) Blood. 1: 72-82, and / or Wang et al. (2012) J Immunother. 35 (9): 689-701. In some respects, transduction is performed using a system, device, apparatus, and / or method as described in PCT Patent Application Publication Number WO 2016/073602 or US 2016/0122782, the contents of which are incorporated by reference into your wholeness. In some embodiments, the transduction is carried out according to methods described in PCT Patent Application Publication Number WO 2015/164675, the contents of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety.
[00237] In some embodiments, T cells are expanded by adding to culture initiation composition feeder cells, such as undivided peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), (for example, such that the resulting cell population contains at least about 5, 10, 20, or 40 or more PBMC feeder cells for each T lymphocyte in the initial population to be expanded); and incubating the culture (for example, long enough to expand the numbers of T cells). In some respects, non-dividing feeder cells may comprise gamma-irradiated PBMC feeder cells. In some embodiments, PBMCs are irradiated with gamma rays in the range of about 3000 to 3600 rads to prevent cell division. In some respects, feeder cells are added to the culture medium prior to the addition of T cell populations.
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102/176 [00238] In some embodiments, stimulation conditions include adequate temperature for the growth of human T lymphocytes, for example, at least about 25 degrees Celsius, generally at least about 30 degrees, and generally at or about 37 degrees Celsius. Optionally, the incubation may additionally comprise addition of undivided EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cells (LCL) as feeder cells. LCL can be irradiated with gamma rays in the range of about 6000 to 10,000 rads. LCL feeder cells, in some respects, are provided in any suitable amount, such as a ratio of LCL feeder cells to initial T lymphocytes of at least about 10: 1.
[00239] Methods for processing a sample [00240] In some embodiments, the methods include a method for processing a sample of apheresis, comprising (a) loading a sample of apheresis taken in a cooled environment to a storage facility. donor; and (b) cryogenically storing the apheresis sample in the storage facility. The methods may further include, according to certain embodiments, processing a plurality of apheresis samples, comprising (a) loading in a cold environment to a storage facility a plurality of apheresis samples, each taken from the same or different donors, and charged, either at the same time, or at different times; and (b) cryogenically storing each of the apheresis samples in the storage facility.
[00241] In some embodiments, the apheresis sample is blood collected from a donor according to the embodiments described above.
[00242] In some embodiments, the temperature of the
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103/176 chilled loading is above -80 ° C to 0 ° C. In some embodiments, the temperature of the cooled loading environment is above ~ 80 ° C to -20 ° C. In some embodiments, the temperature of the cooled loading environment is -20 ° C to 0 ° C.
[00243] In some embodiments, the facility where the donor's apheresis sample is collected and the facility for storage are affiliated with each other, but this is not required in all embodiments. In some embodiments, the facilities are affiliated with each other through the donor or another entity that chooses to have the apheresis sample collected in the collection facility, and to have the apheresis sample stored in the storage facility. In some embodiments, the ease of collection and the ease of storage can share the same physical location. In some embodiments, the collection facility and the storage facility may be located in different locations, such as different nations or different states.
[00244] In some embodiments, the storage facility is a central or common repository storage facility, in which apheresis samples from several patients obtained from different collection facilities are stored. In some embodiments, the central or common repository storage facility will cryogenically store the apheresis sample before sending these samples to a further manufacturing facility. In some embodiments, the central or common repository facility and manufacturing facilities are affiliated with each other. In some embodiments, the central or common repository facility and manufacturing facilities are not affiliated with each other. In some embodiments, all of a donor's samples are sent to the manufacturing facility from the central or common repository facility. In other embodiments, some of the samples from a
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104/176 donors are sent to the manufacturing facility, and other samples are kept in the central or common repository facility. In some embodiments, all of a donor's samples are sent to the same manufacturing facility from the central or common repository facility. In other embodiments, some of a donor's samples are sent from the central or common repository facility to a manufacturing facility, and other samples from the donor are sent to another manufacturing facility.
[00245] In some embodiments, a type or types of cells are enriched and / or isolated from the apheresis sample before loading. In other examples, cells can be enriched and / or isolated from the apheresis sample after loading. For example, cells can be enriched and / or isolated according to the above described embodiments.
[00246] In some embodiments, the apheresis sample or the enriched and / or isolated cells are analyzed before being loaded. In some embodiments, the apheresis sample or enriched and / or isolated cells are analyzed after being loaded and before being cryogenically stored. The apheresis sample or the enriched and / or isolated cells can be analyzed according to the above described embodiments.
[00247] In some embodiments, a portion or portions of the apheresis, or enriched and / or isolated cell population, or developed T cell population or composition, is removed prior to cryogenic freezing of the apheresis, or the enriched cell population and / or isolated, or developed T cell population or composition. In some embodiments, the removed portion or portions are analyzed at any point in time, including, for example, before or after cryogenic freezing of the apheresis, or the population
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105/176 enriched and / or isolated cell, or developed T cell population, or composition.
[00248] In some embodiments, the apheresis sample or cells are combined with a freezing solution before being loaded. In some embodiments, the apheresis sample or cells are combined with a freezing solution after being loaded and before being cryogenically stored. The freezing solution can be the same as the freezing solution in the above described embodiments.
[00249] In some embodiments, the apheresis sample is divided into 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or more than 10 separate containers before or after being combined with a solution of freezing to be cryogenically frozen. In some embodiments, the apheresis sample is divided into 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or more than 10 separate containers before loading. In some embodiments, the apheresis sample is divided into 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or more than 10 separate containers after being loaded. In some embodiments, any number of separate containers carrying the divided apheresis are cryogenically frozen before or after being loaded.
[00250] In some embodiments, the apheresis sample is divided into 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or more than 10 separate containers, which are cryogenically stored in a facility storage. In some embodiments, the storage facility is a central or common repository storage facility. In some embodiments, the storage facility sends any number of separate containers that carry the split apheresis to one or more manufacturing facilities.
[00251] In some embodiments, one or more containers, in which the apheresis sample has been cryogenically stored, are removed
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106/176 cryogenic storage lives, while keeping the remaining containers in cryogenic storage. In some embodiments, cells in the one or more containers removed from cryogenic storage are thawed. In some embodiments, the thawed cells are developed. In some embodiments, the thawed cells are developed to express a CAR molecule. In some embodiments, one or more subsequent containers, in which the apheresis sample has been cryogenically stored, are removed from cryogenic storage, while keeping the remaining containers in cryogenic storage. In some embodiments, cells in the one or more subsequent containers removed from cryogenic storage are thawed. In some embodiments, the thawed cells are developed. In some embodiments, thawed cells are developed to produce cells that express a similar or different CAR molecule than cells thawed previously. In some embodiments, the containers in which the apheresis sample has been cryogenically stored are kept in cryogenic storage for different lengths of time.
[00252] In some embodiments, the apheresis sample or cells are cooled to a temperature of above -80 ° C to 0 ° C before being loaded. The apheresis sample or cells can be cooled in a manner according to the above described embodiments. In some embodiments, prior to cooling the cells, the cells are washed in a manner according to the embodiments described above.
[00253] In some embodiments, the apheresis sample or cells are cryogenically frozen at a temperature of -210 ° C to ~ 80 ° C before being loaded. In some embodiments, the apheresis sample or cells are cryogenically frozen after being
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107/176 loaded. The apheresis sample or cells can be cryogenically frozen in a manner according to the above described embodiments. In some embodiments, prior to cryogenic freezing of the cells, the cells are washed in a manner according to the above described embodiments.
[00254] In some embodiments, the apheresis sample or cells are cryogenically stored at a temperature of -210 ° C to -80 ° C. For example, the apheresis sample or cells can be cryogenically stored in a manner according to the above described embodiments, such as in the vapor phase of a liquid nitrogen storage tank, and as for a storage period of 1 day to 12 years. In some embodiments, the cells are stored, or deposited, for a period of time greater than or equal to 12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, or 48 hours. In some embodiments, cells are stored or deposited for a period of time greater than or equal to 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, or 4 weeks. In some embodiments, the cells are placed in long-term storage, or long-term storage. In some ways, cells are stored for a period of time greater than or equal to 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5 months, 6 months, 7 months, 8 months, 9 months, 10 months, 11 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, 5 years, 6 years, 7 years, 8 years, 9 years, 10 years, 11 years, 12 years, 13 years, 14 years, 15 years, 16 years, 17 years, 18 years, 19 years, 20 years, 25 years, 30 years, 35 years, 40 years, or more.
[00255] In some embodiments, the apheresis sample or cells are cryogenically stored at a temperature of 210 ° C to -80 ° C. In some embodiments, the temperature at which cells are stored is not above about -100 ° C, or ~ 95 ° C, or -90 ° C, or -85 ° C, or -80 ° C, or -75 ° C, or -70 ° C, or -65 ° C, or -60 ° C.
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108/176 [00256] In some embodiments, after the storage period, the apheresis sample or cells are thawed. For example, the apheresis sample or cells can be thawed in a manner according to the above described embodiments. Also, according to certain embodiments, after the storage period, the percentage of viable cells is 24% to 100%. The percentage of viable cells can be determined, for example, according to the above described embodiments.
[00257] In some embodiments, the apheresis sample or enriched cells are analyzed after collection and before loading. In some embodiments, the apheresis sample or enriched cells are analyzed after loading and before cryogenic storage. In some embodiments, the apheresis sample or enriched cells are analyzed after the storage period. In some embodiments, after analysis, the apheresis sample or cells can be modified. In some embodiments, the modification occurs before loading. In some embodiments, the modification occurs after loading and before cryogenically storage. In some embodiments, the modification occurs after storage cryogenically. In such embodiments, the modification is called "post-cryogenic modification". The analysis and / or modification of the apheresis sample or cells can be performed according to the above described embodiments.
[00258] Compositions and formulations [00259] Also provided are compositions including cells, including pharmaceutical compositions and formulations, such as unit dosage form compositions including the number of cells for administration in a given dose or fraction thereof. Pharmaceutical compositions and formulations generally include one or more optional pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients.
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In some embodiments, the composition includes at least one additional therapeutic agent.
[00260] The term "pharmaceutical formulation" refers to a preparation that is such as to allow the biological activity of an active ingredient contained therein to be effective, and that it does not contain additional components that are unacceptably toxic to an individual to whom the formulation would be administered.
[00261] A "pharmaceutically acceptable carrier" refers to an ingredient in a pharmaceutical formulation, other than an active ingredient, which is non-toxic to an individual. A pharmaceutically acceptable carrier includes, but is not limited to, a buffer, excipient, stabilizer, or preservative.
[00262] In some respects, the choice of carrier is determined in part by the particular cell and / or the method of administration. Consequently, there are a variety of suitable formulations. For example, the pharmaceutical composition can contain preservatives. Suitable preservatives may include, for example, methylparaben, propylparaben, sodium benzoate, and benzalkonium chloride. In some ways, a mixture of two or more preservatives is used. The preservative or mixtures thereof are typically present in an amount of about 0.0001% to about 2% by weight of the total composition. The carriers are described, for example, by Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences 16th edition, Osol, A. Ed. (1980). Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are generally non-toxic to containers at the dosages and concentrations employed, and include, but are not limited to: buffers such as phosphate, citrate, and other organic acids: antioxidants including ascorbic acid and methionine; preservatives (such as octadecyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride; hexamethonium chloride; benzalkonium chloride; benzethonium chloride; phenol, butyl or benzyl alcohol; alkyl parabens, such
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110/176 as methyl or propyl paraben; catechol; resorcinol; cyclohexanol; 3 pentanol; and m-cresol); low molecular weight polypeptides (less than about 10 residues); proteins, such as serum albumin, gelatin, or immunoglobulins; hydroxylic polymers, such as polyvinylpyrrolidone; both acids, such as glycine, glutamine, asparagine, histidine, arginine, or lysine; monosaccharides, disaccharides, and other carbohydrates including glucose, mannose, or dextrins; chelating agents such as EDTA; sugars, such as sucrose, mannitol, trehalose, or sorbitol; salt-forming counter ions, such as sodium; metal complexes (for example, Zn protein complexes); and / or nonionic surfactants, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG).
[00263] Buffering agents in some aspects are included in the compositions. Suitable buffering agents include, for example, citric acid, sodium citrate, phosphoric acid, potassium phosphate, and various other acids and salts. In some ways, a mixture of two or more buffering agents is used. The buffering agent or mixtures thereof are typically present in an amount of about 0.001% to about 4% by weight of the total composition. Methods for preparing administrable pharmaceutical compositions are known. Exemplary methods are described in detail in, for example, Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, Lippincott Williams &Wilkins; 21st ed. (May 1, 2005).
[00264] Formulations can include aqueous solutions. The formulation or composition may also contain more than one active ingredient useful for the particular indication, disease, or condition being treated with the cells, preferably those with activities complementary to the cells, where the respective activities do not adversely affect one another. Such active ingredients are suitably present in combination in quantities that are effective for the intended proposal. Thus, in some embodiments, the
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111/176 pharmaceutical composition additionally includes other pharmaceutically active agents or drugs, such as chemotherapeutic agents, for example, asparaginase, busulfan, carboplatin, cisplatin, daunorubicin, doxorubicin, fluorouracil, gemcitabine, hydroxyurea, methotrexate, paclitaxel, rituximab, rituximab, rituximab, rituximab, rituximab, rituximab, rituximab and rituximab. or vincristine.
[00265] In some embodiments, the composition includes cells in an amount effective to reduce the burden of disease or condition, and / or in an amount that does not result in CRS or severe CRS in the individual, and / or to affect any of the other results methods as described here.
[00266] The pharmaceutical composition, in some embodiments, contains cells in effective amounts to treat or prevent the disease or condition, such as a therapeutically effective or prophylactically effective amount. Therapeutic or prophylactic efficacy, in some embodiments, is monitored by periodic assessment of treated individuals. The desired dosage can be delivered by a single bolus administration of the cells, by multiple bolus administration of the cells, or by administration of continuous infusion of the cells.
[00267] Cells and compositions can be administered using standard administration techniques, formulations, and / or devices. The administration of the cells can be autologous or heterologous. For example, immunoresponsive or progenitor cells can be obtained from one individual, and administered to the same individual, or to a different compatible individual. Immunoresponsive cells derived from peripheral blood or its progeny (for example, in vivo, ex vivo or in vitro derived) can be administered via localized injection, including catheter administration, systemic injection, localized injection, intravenous injection, or parenteral administration. When administering a therapeutic composition (for example, a pharmaceutical composition
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112/176 containing a genetically modified immunoresponsive cell), it will generally be formulated in an injectable unit dosage form (solution, suspension, emulsion).
[00268] The formulations include those for oral, intravenous, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, pulmonary, transdermal, intramuscular, intranasal, buccal, sublingual, or suppository administration. In some embodiments, cell populations are administered parenterally. The term "parenteral", as used herein, includes intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, rectal, vaginal, and intraperitoneal administration. In some embodiments, the cells are administered to the individual using peripheral systemic delivery by intravenous, intraperitoneal, or subcutaneous injection.
[00269] Compositions in some embodiments are provided as sterile liquid preparations, for example, isotonic aqueous solutions, suspensions, emulsions, dispersions, or viscous compositions, which can, in some respects, be buffered at a selected pH. Liquid preparations are usually easier to prepare than gels, other viscous compositions, and solid compositions. In addition, liquid compositions are somewhat more convenient to administer, especially by injection. Viscous compositions, on the other hand, can be formulated within the appropriate viscosity range to provide longer contact periods with specific fabrics. The liquid or viscous compositions can comprise carriers, which can be a solvent or dispersing medium containing, for example, water, saline, phosphate buffer, polyol (for example, glycerol, propylene glycol, liquid polyethylene glycol), and suitable mixtures thereof.
[00270] Sterile injectable solutions can be prepared by incorporating the cells in a solvent, such as in the mixture with a suitable carrier, diluent, or excipient, such as sterile water,
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113/176 physiological saline, glucose, dextrose, or the like. The compositions can contain auxiliary substances such as wetting, dispersing, or emulsifying agents (for example, methylcellulose), pH buffering agents, freezing or viscosity enhancing additives, preservatives, flavoring agents, and / or colors, depending on the route of administration and the desired preparation. Standard texts can, in some aspects, be consulted to prepare suitable preparations.
[00271] Various additives that enhance the stability and sterility of the compositions, including antimicrobial preservatives, antioxidants, chelating agents, and buffers, can be added. The prevention of the action of microorganisms can be ensured by various antibacterial and antifungal agents, for example, parabens, chlorobutanol, phenol, and sorbic acid. Prolonged absorption of the injectable pharmaceutical form can be provided by the use of agents that delay absorption, for example, aluminum monostearate and gelatin.
[00272] The formulations to be used for in vivo administration are generally sterile. Sterility can be readily effected, for example, by filtration through sterile filtration membranes.
[00273] In some embodiments, the therapeutic T cell composition comprises between about 10 million cells per ml and about 70 million cells per ml, or between about 10 million viable cells per ml, and about 70 million viable cells per ml In some embodiments, the therapeutic T cell composition comprises between about 15 million viable cells or cells per ml, and about 60 million viable cells or cells per ml. In some embodiments, the T cell composition comprises greater than 10 million cells or viable cells per ml. In some embodiments, the therapeutic T cell composition comprises
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114/176 greater than 15 million cells or greater than 15 million cells per ml.
[00274] In some embodiments, this application provides an article of manufacture comprising a container comprising the therapeutic T cell composition. In some embodiments, the article further comprises information indicating that the container contains the target number of units of the therapeutic T cell composition. In some embodiments, the article comprises multiple containers, in which each container comprises a unit dose comprising the target number of units of the T cell composition. In some embodiments, the containers comprise between about 10 million viable cells or cells per ml , and about 70 million viable cells or cells per ml, between about 15 million viable cells or cells, and about 60 million viable cells or cells per ml, greater than 10 million viable cells or cells per ml , greater than 15 million cells or viable cells per mL, or a combination of these. In some embodiments, the composition additionally comprises cryoprotectant and / or the article additionally includes instructions for defrosting the composition prior to administration to the individual.
[00275] In some embodiments, the cells are suspended in a freezing solution, for example, following a washing step to remove plasma and platelets. Any of a variety of known freezing solutions and parameters in some ways, can be used. An example involves using PBS containing 20% DMSO and 8% HSA, or another suitable cell freezing medium. This is then diluted 1: 1 with medium so that the final concentration of DMSO and HSA is 10% and 4%, respectively.
[00276] Any of a variety of known freezing solutions and parameters in some ways can be used. In
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In some embodiments, a cell sample may contain a cryopreservation or vitrification medium, or a solution containing the cryoprotectant. Suitable cryoprotectants include, but are not limited to, DMSO, glycerol, a glycol, propylene glycol, an ethylene glycol, propanediol, polyethylene glycol (PEG), 1,2-propanediol (PROH), or a mixture thereof. In some examples, the cryopreservation solution may contain one or more non-cell permeation cryopreservatives, including, but not limited to, polyvinyl pyrrolidione, a hydroxyethyl starch, a polysaccharide, a monosaccharide, an alginate, trehalose, raffmosis, dextran, human serum albumin, Ficoll, lipoproteins, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, hydroxyethyl starch, autologous plasma, or a mixture of these. In some embodiments, the cells are suspended in a freezing solution with a final cryoprotectant concentration of between about 1% and about 20%, between about 3% and about 9%, or between about 6% and about 9% by volume. In certain embodiments, the final cryoprotectant concentration in the freezing solution is about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 5.5%, about 6%, about 6.5%, about 7%, about 7.5%, about 8%, about 8.5%, about 9%, about 9.5%, or about 10% by volume.
[00277] In some embodiments, the cryoprotectant is DMSO. In particular embodiments, the cells are suspended in a freezing solution with a final DMSO concentration of between about 1% and about 20%, between about 3% and about 9%, or between about 6% and about 9% by volume. In certain embodiments, the final concentration of DMSO in the freezing solution is about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 5.5%, about 6%, about 6.5%, about 7%, about 7.5%, about 8%, about 8.5%, about 9%, about 9.5%, or about 10% by volume.
[00278] In certain embodiments, the cells are suspended in
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116/176 a freezing solution at a density of between about 1x10 ⁶ cells / ml and about 1x10 ⁸ cells / ml, between about 1x10® cells / ml and about 2x10 ⁷ cells / ml, between about 1x10 ⁷ cells / ml and about 5 x 10 ⁷ cells / ml, or between about 1x10 ⁷ cells / ml to 5x10 ⁷ cells / ml In certain embodiments, the cells are suspended in the freezing solution at a density of about 1x10 ⁶ cells / mL, about 2x10 ⁶ cells / mL, about 5x10 ⁶ cells / mL, about 1x10 ⁷ cells / mL, about 1.5x10 ⁷ cells / mL, about 2x10 ⁷ cells / mL, about 2.5x10 ⁷ cells / ml, about 2.5x10 ⁷ cells / ml, about 2.5x10 ⁷ cells / ml, about 3x10 ⁷ cells / ml, about 3.5x10 ⁷ cells / ml, about 4x10 ⁷ cells / ml, about 4.5x10 ⁷ cells / ml, or about 5x10 ⁷ cells / ml In certain embodiments, cells are suspended in the freezing solution at a density of between about 1.5x10 ⁷ cells / ml and about 6x10 ⁷ cells / mL In certain embodiments, cells are suspended in the freezing solution at a density of between about 5x10® cells / mL and about 150x10 ⁶ cells / mL. In certain embodiments, the cells are suspended in a freezing solution at a density at least about 1x10 ⁷ cells / ml In particular embodiments, cells are suspended in a freezing solution at a density of at least about 1.5x10 ⁷ cells / ml In some embodiments, the cells are viable cells.
[00279] In particular embodiments, the cells are suspended in a freezing solution at a density of between or between about 0.1x10 ⁶ cells / ml, and about 5,000x10® cells / ml, between or between about 1x10 ⁶ cells / ml, and about 500x10 ⁶ cells / ml, between or between about 5x10® cells / ml and about 150x10® cells / ml, between or between about 10x10® cells / ml, and about 70x10 ⁶ cells / ml, or between or between about 15x10 ⁶ cells / ml, and about 60x10 ⁶ cells / ml, each inclusive. In certain embodiments, the cells
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They are suspended in a freezing solution at a density of between about 1x10 ⁶ cells / ml, and about 1x10 ⁸ cells / ml, between about 1x10® cells / ml, and about 2x10 ⁷ cells / ml, between about from 1x10 ⁷ cells / ml, and about 5 x 10 ⁷ cells / ml, or between about 1x10 ⁷ cells / ml to 5x10 ⁷ cells / ml, each inclusive. In certain embodiments, the cells are suspended in the freezing solution at a density of about 1x10 ⁶ cells / ml, about 2x10® cells / ml, about 5x10® cells / ml, about 1χ10 ⁷ cells / ml, about 1.5x10 ⁷ cells / ml, about 2x10 ⁷ cells / ml, about 2.5x10 ⁷ cells / ml, about 2.5x10 ⁷ cells / ml, about 2.5x10 ⁷ cells / ml, about 3x10 ⁷ cells / ml, about 3.5x10 ⁷ cells / ml, about 4x10 ⁷ cells / ml, about 4.5x10 ⁷ cells / ml, or about 5x10 ⁷ cells / ml In certain embodiments, cells are suspended in the solution freezing at a density of between about 1.5x10 ⁷ cells / ml, and about 6x10 ⁷ cells / ml, inclusive. In certain embodiments, the cells are suspended in a freezing solution at a density of at least about 1x10 ⁷ cells / ml In particular embodiments, the cells are suspended in a freezing solution at a density of at least about 1.5x10 ⁷ cells / ml In some embodiments, the cells are viable cells.
[00280] In some embodiments, transfer to the cryopreservation medium is associated with one or more processing steps that may involve washing the sample, for example, cells and / or developed cell composition, such as to remove the medium and / or replace cells in an appropriate cryopreservation buffer or medium for subsequent freezing. In certain embodiments, the transfer to the cryopreservation medium is fully automatic on a clinical scale level in a closed and sterile system. In certain embodiments, the transfer to the environment
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118/176 of cryopreservation performed using the CliniMACS system (Miltenyi Biotec).
[00281] In some embodiments, the cells are frozen, for example, cryopreserved, or before, during, or after said methods for processing and / or developing the cells. In some embodiments, the freezing and subsequent thawing step removes granulocytes and, in a sense, monocytes in the cell population. The cells can be frozen at “80 ^o C at a rate of Γ per minute and stored in the vapor phase of a liquid nitrogen storage tank. In some embodiments, the composition is enclosed in a bag suitable for cryopreservation (for example, CryoMacs® Freezing Bags, Miltenyi Biotec). In some embodiments, the composition is enclosed in a bottle suitable for cryopreservation (for example, Cellseal® Bottles, Cook Regentec).
[00282] Suitable containers include, for example, bottles, vials, syringes, and flexible bags, such as infusion bags. In particular embodiments, the containers are bags, for example, flexible bags, such as those suitable for infusing cells to individuals, for example, flexible plastic bags or PVC bags, and / or bags of IV solution. The bags, in some embodiments, are sealable and / or capable of being sterilized, in order to provide sterile solution and distribution of cells and compositions. In some embodiments, containers, for example, bags, have a capacity of at or about or at least at or about 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 200, 300 , 400, 500, or 1000 ml of capacity, such as between or about 10 and about or about 100 or between or about 10 and about or about 500 ml of capacity, each inclusive. In some embodiments, the containers, for example, bags, are and / or are produced from material that is stable and / or proposed
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119/176 provides stable storage and / or maintenance of cells at one or more of several temperatures, such as at cold temperatures, for example, below at or about or at or about -20 ° C, -80 ° C, 120 ° C, 135 ° C and / or temperatures suitable for cryopreservation, and / or other temperatures, such as temperatures suitable for defrosting cells and body temperature, such as at or about 37 ° C, for example, to allow defrosting, for example for example, at the individual location or treatment location, for example, on the bed, just before treatment.
[00283] Containers can be formed from a variety of materials, such as glass or plastic. In some embodiments, the container has one or more ports, for example, sterile access ports, for example, for connecting a tube or cannulation to one or more tubes, for example, for intravenous infusion or other infusion and / or for connection for transfer proposal to and from other containers, such as cell culture and / or storage bags or other containers. Exemplary containers include infusion bags, bags of intravenous solution, and vials, including those with stoppers that can be pierced by an injection needle.
[00284] The present invention is not to be limited in scope by the embodiments disclosed herein, which are provided as simple illustrations of individual aspects of the invention, and any that are functionally equivalent are within the scope of the invention. Various modifications to the models and methods of the invention, in addition to those described herein, will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the preceding description and teachings, and are similarly expected to fall within the scope of the invention. Such modifications or other embodiments can be practiced without departing from the true scope and spirit of the invention.
[00285] Stimulatory reagents
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120/176 [00286] In some embodiments, incubation of an enriched cell composition under conditions of stimulation is or include incubation and / or contact of the enriched cell composition with a stimulatory reagent that is capable of activating and / or expanding T cells In some embodiments, the stimulatory reagent is able to stimulate and / or activate one or more signals in the cells. In some embodiments, the one or more signals are mediated by a receiver. In particular embodiments, the one or more signals are or are associated with a change in signal transduction and / or a level or amount of secondary messengers, for example, cAMP and / or intracellular calcium, a change in quantity, cell location, confirmation , phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and / or truncation of one or more cell proteins, and / or a change in cell activity, for example, transcription, translation, protein degradation, cell morphology, activation state, and / or cell division . In particular embodiments, the stimulatory reagent activates and / or is capable of activating one or more intracellular signaling domains of one or more components of a TCR complex, and / or one or more intracellular signaling domains of one or more co-stimulatory molecules.
[00287] In certain embodiments, the stimulatory reagent contains a particle, for example, a sphere, which is conjugated or linked to one or more agents, for example, biomolecules, which are capable of activating and / or expanding cells, for example, T cells. In some embodiments, the one or more agents are attached to a sphere. In some embodiments, the sphere is biocompatible, that is, composed of a material that is suitable for biological use. In some embodiments, the beads are non-toxic to cultured cells, for example, cultured T cells. In some embodiments, the spheres can be any particles that are capable of attaching agents
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121/176 in a way that allows interaction between the agent and a cell.
[00288] In some embodiments, a stimulatory reagent contains one or more agents that are capable of activating and / or expanding cells, for example, T cells, which are attached to, or otherwise attached to, a sphere, for example , on the surface of the sphere. In certain embodiments, the sphere is a non-particle cell. In particular embodiments, the sphere can include a colloidal particle, a microsphere, nanoparticle, a magnetic sphere, or the like. In some embodiments, the beads are agarose beads. In certain embodiments, the spheres are sepharose spheres.
[00289] In particular embodiments, the stimulatory reagent contains spheres that are monodispersed. In certain embodiments, spheres that are monodispersed comprise size dispersions having a standard deviation in diameter of less than 5% from each other.
[00290] In some embodiments, the sphere contains one or more agents, such as an agent that is coupled, conjugated, or attached (directly or indirectly) to the surface of the sphere. In some embodiments, an agent as contemplated herein may include, but is not limited to, RNA, DNA, proteins (e.g., enzymes), antigens, polyclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibodies, antibody fragments, carbohydrates, lipid lectins, or any another biomolecule with an affinity for a desired target. In some embodiments, the desired target is a T cell receptor and / or a component of a T cell receptor. In certain embodiments, the desired target is CD3. In certain embodiments, the desired target is a T cell co-stimulatory molecule, for example, CD28, CD137 (4-1-BB), 0X40, or ICOS. The one or more agents can be attached directly or indirectly to the sphere by a variety of methods known and available in the art. Fixation can be covalent,
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122/176 non-covalent, electrostatic, or hydrophobic, and may be accompanied by a variety of fixation means, including, for example, a chemical medium, a mechanical medium, or an enzymatic medium. In some embodiments, a biomolecule (for example, a biotinylated anti-CD3 antibody) can be attached indirectly to the sphere, via another biomolecule (for example, anti-biotin antibody) that is directly attached to the sphere.
[00291] In some embodiments, the stimulatory reagent contains a sphere and one or more agents that directly interact with a macromolecule on the surface of a cell. In certain embodiments, the sphere (for example, a paramagnetic sphere) interacts with a cell, via one or more agents (for example, an antibody) specific for one or more macromolecules in the cell (for example, one or more surface proteins of cell). In certain embodiments, the sphere (for example, a paramagnetic sphere) is labeled with a first agent described herein, such as a primary antibody (for example, an anti-biotin antibody), or another biomolecule, and then a second agent, such as a secondary antibody (for example, a biotinylated anti-CD3 antibody), or another second biomolecule (for example, streptavidin), is added, whereby the secondary antibody or another second biomolecule specifically binds to such primary antibodies or another biomolecule in the particle.
[00292] In some embodiments, the stimulatory reagent contains one or more agents (for example, antibody) that is attached to a sphere (for example, a paramagnetic sphere) and specifically binds to one or more of the following macromolecules in a cell ( for example, a T cell): CD2, CD3, CD4, CD5, CD8, CD25, CD27, CD28, CD29, CD31, CD44, CD45RA, CD45RO, CD54 (ICAM1), CD127, MHCI, MHCII, CTLA-4, ICOS , PD-1, 0X40, CD27L (CD70), 4-1 BB (CD137), 4-1 BBL, CD30L, LIGHT, IL-2R, IL-12R, IL-1R, IL-15R;
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IFN-gamaR, TNF-alphaR, IL-4R, IL-10R, CD18 / CDI la (LFA-1), CD62L (L-selectin), CD29 / CD49d (VLA-4), Notch ligand (for example, Deltalike 1 / 4, Jagged 1/2, etc.), CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, CCR4, CCR5, CCR7, and CXCR3 or a fragment thereof including the ligands corresponding to these macromolecules or fragments thereof. In some embodiments, an agent (for example, antibody) attached to the sphere specifically binds to one or more of the following macromolecules in a cell (for example, a T cell): CD28, CD62L, CCR7, CD27, CD127, CD3, CD4 , CD8, CD45RA, and / or CD45RO.
[00293] In some embodiments, one or more of the agents attached to the sphere is an antibody. The antibody can include a polyclonal antibody, monoclonal antibody (including full length antibodies that have an immunoglobulin Fc region), antibody compositions with polyepitopic specificity, multispecific antibodies (for example, bispecific antibodies, diabody, and single chain molecules, as well as antibody fragments (for example, Fab, F (ab ') 2, and Fv). In some embodiments, the stimulatory reagent is an antibody fragment (including antigen binding fragment), for example, a Fab, Fab fragment -SH, Fv, scFv, or (Fab ') 2. It will be appreciated that constant regions of any isotype can be used for the antibodies contemplated herein, including IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, and IgE constant regions, and that such regions constants can be obtained from any human or animal species (eg murine species) .In some embodiments, the agent is an antibody that binds to and / or recognizes one or more components of a T cell receptor. In particular embodiments, the agent is an anti-CD3 antibody. In certain embodiments, the agent is an antibody that binds to and / or recognizes a co-receptor. In some embodiments, the stimulatory reagent comprises an anti-CD28 antibody. In some embodiments, the sphere has a larger diameter
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124/176 or more than about 0.001 pm, greater than about 0.01 pm, greater than about 0.1 pm, greater than about 1.0 pm, greater than about 10 pm, greater than about 50 pm, greater than about 100 pm or greater than about 1000 pm and no more than about 1500 pm. In some embodiments, the ball has a diameter of about 1.0 pm to about 500 pm, about 1.0 pm to about 150 pm, about 1.0 pm to about 30 pm, about 1, 0 pm to about 10 pm, about 1.0 pm to about 5.0 pm, about 2.0 pm to about 5.0 pm, or about 3.0 pm to about 5.0 pm . In some embodiments, the sphere has a diameter of about 3 pm to about 5 pm. In some embodiments, the ball has a diameter of at least or at least about or about 0.001 pm, 0.01 pm, 0.1 pm, 0.5 pm, 1.0 pm, 1.5 pm, 2, 0 pm, 2.5 pm, 3.0 pm, 3.5 pm, 4.0 pm,
4.5 pm, 5.0 pm, 5.5 pm, 6.0 pm, 6.5 pm, 7.0 pm, 7.5 pm, 8.0 pm, 8.5 pm, 9.0 pm, 9.5 pm, 10 pm, 12 pm, 14 pm, 16 pm, 18 pm or 20 pm. In certain embodiments, the sphere has a diameter of or about
4.5 pm. In certain embodiments, the sphere has a diameter of or about 2.8 µm.
[00294] In some embodiments, the spheres have a density of greater than 0.001 g / cm ³ , greater than 0.01 g / cm ³ , greater than 0.05 g / cm ³ , greater than 0.1 g / cm ³ , greater than 0.5 g / cm ³ , greater than 0.6 g / cm ³ , greater than 0.7 g / cm ³ , greater than 0.8 g / cm ³ , greater more than 0.9 g / cm ³ , greater than 1 g / cm ³ , greater than 1.1 g / cm ³ , greater than 1.2 g / cm ³ , greater than 1.3 g / cm ³ , greater than 1.4 g / cm ³ , greater than 1.5 g / cm ³ , greater than 2 g / cm ³ , greater than 3 g / cm ³ , greater than 4 g / cm ³ , or greater than 5g / cm ³ . In some embodiments, the spheres have a density of between about 0.001 g / cm ³ and about 100 g / cm ³ , about 0.01 g / cm ³ and about 50 g / cm ³ , about 0.1 g / cm ³ and about 10 g / cm ³ , about 0.1 g / cm ³ and about, 5 g / cm ³ , about 0.5 g / cm ³ and about 1 g / cm ³ , about 0.5 g / cm ³ and
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125/176 about 1.5 g / cm ³ , about 1 g / cm ³ and about 1.5 g / cm ³ , about 1 g / cm ³ and about 2 g / cm ³ , or about 1 g / cm ³ and about 5 g / cm ³ . In some embodiments, the spheres have a density of about 0.5 g / cm ³ , about 0.5 g / cm ³ , about 0.6 g / cm ³ , about 0.7 g / cm ³ , about 0.8 g / cm ³ , about 0.9 g / cm ³ , about 1.0 g / cm ³ , about
1.1 g / cm ³ , about 1.2 g / cm ³ , about 1.3 g / cm ³ , about 1.4 g / cm ³ , about 1.5 g / cm ³ , about 1.6 g / cm ³ , about 1.7 g / cm ³ , about 1.8 g / cm ³ , about 1.9 g / cm ³ , or about 2.0 g / cm ³ . In certain embodiments, the spheres have a density of about 1.6 g / cm ³ . In particular embodiments, the spheres or particles have a density of about 1.5 g / cm ³ . In certain embodiments, the particles have a density of about 1.3 g / cm ³ .
[00295] In certain embodiments, a plurality of spheres have a uniform density. In certain embodiments, a uniform density comprises a density standard deviation of less than 10%, less than 5%, or less than 1% of the average sphere density.
[00296] In some embodiments, the spheres have a surface area of between about 0.001 m ² for each gram of particles (m ² / g) to about 1,000 m ² / g, about 0.010 m ² / g about 100 m ² / g, about 0.1 m ² / g about 10 m ² / g, about 0.1 m ² / g about 1 m ² / g, about 1 m ² / g about 10 m ² / g, about 10 m ² / g about 100 m ² / g, about 0.5 m ² / g about 20 m ² / g, about 0.5 m ² / g about 5 m ² / g, or about 1 m ² / g to about 4 m ² / g. In some embodiments, the particles or spheres have a surface area of about 1 m ² / g to about 4 m ² / g.
[00297] In some embodiments, the sphere contains at least one material on or near the surface of the sphere that can be coupled, bonded, or conjugated to an agent. In some embodiments, the sphere is a functionalized surface, that is, it comprises functional groups
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126/176 channels that are capable of forming a covalent bond with a binding molecule, for example, a polynucleotide or polypeptide. In particular embodiments, the sphere comprises surface exposed to carboxyl, amino, hydroxyl, tosyl, epoxy, and / or chloromethyl groups. In particular embodiments, the spheres comprise surfaces exposed to agarose and / or sepharose. In certain embodiments, the surface of the sphere comprises fixed stimulatory reagents that can bind or fix binding molecules. In particular embodiments, biomolecules are polypeptides. In some embodiments, the beads comprise surface exposed to protein A, protein G, or biotin.
[00298] In some embodiments, the sphere reacts in a magnetic field. In some embodiments, the sphere is a magnetic sphere. In some embodiments, the magnetic sphere is paramagnetic. In particular embodiments, the magnetic sphere is superparamagnetic. In certain embodiments, the spheres do not exhibit any magnetic properties, unless they are exposed to a magnetic field.
[00299] In particular embodiments, the sphere comprises a magnetic core, a paramagnetic core, or a superparamagnetic core. In some embodiments, the magnetic core contains a metal. In some embodiments, the metal may be, but is not limited to, iron, nickel, copper, cobalt, gadolinium, manganese, tantalum, zinc, zirconium or any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the magnetic core comprises metal oxides (for example, iron oxides), ferrites (for example, manganese ferrites, cobalt ferrites, nickel ferrites, etc.), hematite and metal alloys (for example, CoTaZn). In some embodiments, the magnetic core comprises one or more of a ferrite, a metal, a metal alloy, an iron oxide, or chromium dioxide. In some embodiments, the
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127/176 Magnetic core comprises elemental iron or a compound thereof. In some embodiments, the magnetic core comprises one or more of magnetite (Fe3O4), magemite (yFe2O3), or greigite (Fe3S4). In some embodiments, the inner core comprises an iron oxide (for example, FesCU).
[00300] In certain embodiments, the sphere contains a magnetic, paramagnetic, and / or superparamagnetic core that is covered by a functionalized surface layer or coating. In some embodiments, the layer may contain a material which may include, but is not limited to, a polymer, polysaccharide, silica, fatty acid, protein, carbon, agarose, sepharose, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the polymer may be a polytetylene glycol, poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid), polyglutaraldehyde, polyurethane, polystyrene, or a polyvinyl alcohol. In certain embodiments, the outer layer or coating comprises polystyrene. In particular embodiments, the outer covering is a functionalized surface.
[00301] In some embodiments, the stimulatory reagent comprises a sphere containing a metal oxide core (for example, an iron oxide core) and a layer, in which the metal oxide core comprises at least one polysaccharide ( for example, dextran), and in which the layer comprises at least one polysaccharide (for example, amino dextran), at least one polymer (for example, polyurethane) and silica. In some embodiments, the metal oxide core is a colloidal iron oxide core. In certain embodiments, the one or more agents include an antibody or antigen binding fragment thereof. In particular embodiments, the one or more agents include an anti-CD3 antibody and an anti-CD28 antibody. In some embodiments, the stimulating reagent comprises an anti-CD3 antibody, anti-CD28 antibody, and an antimicrobial
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128/176 anti-biotin antibody. In some embodiments, the stimulatory reagent comprises an anti-biotin antibody. In some embodiments, the sphere has a diameter of about 3 pm to about 10 pm. In some embodiments, the sphere has a diameter of about 3 pm to about 5 pm. In certain embodiments, the sphere has a diameter of about 3.5 pm.
[00302] In some embodiments, the stimulatory reagent comprises one or more agents that are attached to a sphere comprising a metal oxide core (for example, an internal iron oxide core) and a layer (for example, a protective layer ), in which the layer comprises polystyrene. In certain embodiments, the spheres are monodisperse, paramagnetic (for example, superparamagnetic) spheres comprising a paramagnetic iron core (for example, superparamagnetic), for example, a core comprising magnetite (Fe3O4) and / or magemite (yFe20s) with a layer polystyrene or coating. In some embodiments, the sphere is non-porous. In some embodiments, the spheres contain a functionalized surface to which the one or more agents are attached. In certain embodiments, one or more agents are covalently attached to the spheres on the surface. In some embodiments, the one or more agents include an antibody or antigen binding fragment thereof. In some embodiments, the one or more agents include an anti-CD3 antibody and an anti-CD28 antibody. In some embodiments, the one or more agents include an anti-CD3 antibody and / or an anti-CD28 antibody, and an antibody or antigen fragment thereof capable of binding a labeled antibody (for example, biotinylated antibody), such as a labeled anti-CD3 antibody or anti-CD28 antibody. In certain embodiments, the spheres have a density of about 1.5 g / cm ³ and a surface area of about 1 m ² / g to about 4 m ² / g. In particular embodiments, the
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129/176 spheres are superparamagnetic monodisperse spheres that have a diameter of about 4.5 pm and a density of about 1.5 g / cm ³ . In some embodiments, the spheres are superparamagnetic monodisperse spheres that have an average diameter of about 2.8 pm, and a density of about 1.3 g / cm ³ .
[00303] In some embodiments, the enriched T-cell composition is incubated with a stimulating reagent a ratio of beads to cells at or about 3: 1, 2.5: 1, 2: 1, 1.5: 1, 1 , 25: 1, 1,2: 1, 1,1: 1, 1: 1, 0,9: 1, 0,8: 1, 0,75: 1, 0,67: 1, 0,5: 1 , 0.3: 1, or 0.2: 1. In particular embodiments, the ratio of beads to cells is between 2.5: 1 and 0.2: 1, between 2: 1 and 0.5: 1, between 1.5: 1 and 0.75: 1, between 1 , 25: 1 and 0.8: 1, between 1.1: 1 and 0.9: 1. In particular embodiments, the ratio of stimulatory reagent to cells is about 1: 1 or is 1: 1.
[00304] Removal of Stimulatory Reagent from Cells [00305] In certain embodiments, the stimulatory reagent is removed and / or separated from cells. Without wishing to be bound by theory, particular embodiments contemplate that the binding and / or association between a stimulatory reagent and cells can, in some circumstances, be reduced over time during incubation. In certain embodiments, one or more agents can be added to reduce the binding and / or association between the stimulatory reagent and the cells. In particular embodiments, a change in cell culture conditions, for example, average pH temperature, can reduce the binding and / or association between the stimulatory reagent and the cells. Thus, in some embodiments, the stimulatory agent can be removed from an incubation, cell culture system, and / or a solution separately from the cells, for example, without removing the cells from the incubation, cell culture system, and / or a solution too.
[00306] Methods for removing stimulatory reagents (for
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For example, stimulatory reagents that are or contain particles such as sphere particles or magnetizable particles) from cells are known. In some embodiments, the use of competition antibodies, such as unlabeled antibodies, can be used, which, for example, binds to a primary antibody in the stimulatory reagent, and alters its affinity to be antigen in the cell, thereby allowing soft highlighting. In some cases, after detachment, the competition antibodies may remain associated with the particle (eg, sphere particle), while the unreacted antibody is or can be washed, and the cell is free of isolation, selection, enrichment and / or activation of the antibody. Exemplary of such a reagent is DETACaBEAD (Friedl et al. 1995; Entschladen et al. 1997). In some embodiments, particles (for example, sphere particles) can be removed in the presence of a cleavable linker (for example, DNA linker), except that the particles bound antibodies are conjugated to the linker (for example, CELLection, Dynal) . In some cases, the linker region provides a cleavable location to remove particles (e.g., sphere particles) from cells after isolation, for example, by adding DNase or another release buffer. In some embodiments, other enzymatic methods can also be employed to release a particle (e.g., sphere particle) from cells. In some embodiments, the particles (e.g., sphere particles or magnetizable particles) are biodegradable.
[00307] In some embodiments, the stimulating reagent is magnetic, paramagnetic, and / or superparamagnetic, and / or contains a sphere that is magnetic, paramagnetic, and / or superparamagnetic, and the stimulating reagent can be removed from cells by exposure of cells to a magnetic field. Examples of suitable equipment containing magnets for generating the magnetic field
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131/176 include DynaMag CTS (Thermo Fisher), Magnetic Separator (Takara), and EasySep Magnet (Stem Cells Technologies).
[00308] In particular embodiments, the stimulatory reagent is removed or separated from the cells prior to the collection, collection, and / or formulation of the developed cells produced by the methods provided here. In some embodiments, the stimulatory reagent is removed and / or separated from the cells prior to design, for example, transduction or transfection, of the cells. In particular embodiments, the stimulatory reagent is removed and / or separated from the cells after the cell design stage. In certain embodiments, the stimulatory reagent is removed before culturing the cells, for example, before culturing the projected cells, for example, transfected or transduced, under conditions to promote proliferation and / or expansion.
EXAMPLES [00309] In order to assess the effects of apheresis cryopreservation, prior to the selection or isolation of a cell population of interest, apheresis samples were taken through several steps in a process designed to produce developed T cells. The samples were evaluated at various points for cell viability, cell number yield, cell phenotypes, and cell activity. These studies were designed to determine whether apheresis cryopreservation material (1) influences the phenotypic proportions of relevant CD4 + and CD8 + T cell populations, (2) impacts the ability to classify and select relevant post-thawed T cell populations, and / or (3) influences cell health, and / or functionality.
[00310] In the following examples, apheresis refers to apheresis collected from a donor. Cryopreserved apheresis refers to the cell product resulting from the cryopreservation of the apheresis sample after collection, but before selecting any cell population of interest
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132/176 within the sample. Rested apheresis refers to the cell product resulting from a step in which after the cryopreserved apheresis is thawed, it was allowed to stand for a specified amount of time before any further processing steps. Selected cryopreserved material refers to the cell product resulting from a step in which the cells of interest (CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in these examples) were isolated, they support a post-isolation step of cryopreservation.
[00311] Example 1: Processes for generating therapeutic compositions of CD4 * cells and CD8 * cells that express an antiCD19 CAR.
[00312] Projected CD4 + T cells and projected CD8 + T cells each expressing the same chimeric anti-CD19 antigen (CAR) receptor were produced by a process as generally outlined here. As described in Example 2 below, the cells were either produced by a process in which separate compositions of CD4 + cells and CD8 * cells were selected from PBMCs isolated from human leukapheresis samples and freeze-thawed. The selected CD4 + and CD8 + compositions were subsequently thawed and separately support steps for stimulation, transduction, and expansion. A second exemplary process involves an additional cryopreservation step before the selection step.
[00313] The isolated CD4 + Cells and CD8 + Cells were separately stimulated in the presence of paramagnetic polystyrene coated beads with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies fixed at a 1: 1 sphere to cell ratio. The cells were stimulated in medium containing IL-2, IL-15, and N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC). The CD4 + cell medium also includes IL-7.
[00314] After the introduction of the spheres, the CD4 + cells and CD8 + cells were separately transduced with a lentiviral vector that
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133/176 encodes the same anti-CD19 CAR. The CAR contains an anti - CD19 scFv derived from a murine antibody, an immunoglobulin spacer, a transmembrane domain derived from CD28, a co-stimulatory region derived from 4-1 BB, and an intracellular signaling domain CD3-zeta.
[00315] After transduction, the spheres were removed from the cell compositions by exposure to a magnetic field. The CD4 + Cells and CD8 + Cells were then separately grown for expansion with continuous mixing and oxygen transfer by a bioreactor (Xuri W25 Bioreactor). Poloxamer was added to the medium. Both cell compositions were cultured in the presence of IL-2 and IL-15. The CD4 + cell medium also includes IL-7. CD4 + Cells and CD8 + Cells were each cultured, prior to collection, to a desired cell number and / or concentration. One day after reaching the limit, the cells of each composition were separately collected, formulated, and freeze-frozen.
[00316] A controlled rate refrigerator using a stepped freeze profile was used for the cryopreservation steps described in the examples below.
[00317] Example 2. Study Design [00318] Two healthy donors (ie, Donor 1 and Donor 2) were used for this study, and the initial entry apheresis material (APH) was divided into five different arms for each donor. A fifth of the volume of incoming apheresis (the control arms or Arms 5 and 10) was washed and subjected to an isolation step, to isolate CD4 + and CD8 + T cells, at which point the selected cells were cryopreserved for 2 weeks. The remaining apheresis of each donor was divided into 4 samples before being cryopreserved (Arms 1-4 and arms 6-9). Each cryopreserved sample was thawed, washed, and, or rested for two hours at 37 ° C followed by selection,
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134/176 or was subjected to a selection step immediately after thawing and washing. Half of the arms were frozen post-selection, and the other half was processed further ahead for activation.
[00319] The samples in arms 1, 2, 6, and 7 were cryopreserved for 2 weeks before the cells were thawed to withstand isolation of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells and subjected to cell activation methods. Arms 1 and 6 include an extra step, a resting step, in which, after being thawed, the cells were allowed to stand for 2 hours in an incubator before any further processing. The samples in arms 3, 4, 8 and 9 were cryopreserved for 2-4 days before being thawed to support selection of CD4 + and CD8 + T cell populations, at which point the selected populations were cryopreserved for 1 week before the cells were thawed. and subsequently subjected to stimulation. Arms 3 and 8 include an extra step, a resting step, in which after being thawed, the cells were allowed to rest for 2 hours in an incubator before any further processing.
[00320] The cells were taken through various processing steps including a selection step, which isolates CD4 + and CD8 + T cells. In this selection step, each arm was divided into sub-arms (ie, CD4 + and CD8 + cell sub-arms) T), at which point the selected cells proceed through the remaining processing steps. Table 1 shows the study design, including the cryopreservation steps that each arm supports.
[00321] Table 1. Study Design
Br a-ÇQ Ap rheresis c r i op r e s Re-stage Post-s o 1 love n t. cryopreservation Donor (pre-isolation) landing vanity
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1 Yes Yes Not 1 2 Yes Not Not 1 3 Yes Yes Yes 1 £ Yes Not Yes 1 5 Not Not Yes 1 6 Yes Yes Not 2_ ”7 Yes Not Not 2 8 Yes Yes Yes9 Yes Not Yes 2 10 Not Not Yes 2 - -
[00322] Example 3: Cryopreservation of apheresis material does not significantly impact the cell phenotype [00323] Flow analysis was performed pre- and post-cryopreservation of apheresis samples to assess the impact of freezing on the distribution of cells of different phenotypes. A custom flow panel was developed to assess the distribution of T cells, B cells, NK cells, NK-T cells, monocytes, dendritic cells, and memory T cell phenotypes. The results suggest that the distribution of cells of different phenotypes was equivalent between pre- and post-cryopreservation samples.
[00324] Both samples of cryopreserved apheresis and fresh apheresis were analyzed for the presence of CD4 and CD8 molecules on the cell surface using flow cytometry. The results of this test demonstrate that the surface level of CD4 and CD8 molecules is not affected by cryopreservation. These results also suggest that the apheresis cryopreservation does not affect the relative proportion of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in the samples as the percentages of these cells were comparable pre- and post-cryogenic for both donors.
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136/176 [00325] Example 4: Impact of cryopreservation on isolation of CD4 + and / or CD8 + T cell population [00326] In order to further assess whether apheresis cryopreservation affects the processing of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells, an assay Feasibility study was carried out in several stages that lead to the selection of the cells of interest. Cell viability was assessed for cells submitted to cryopreservation before the selection step, without a post-cryopreservation resting period, (Arms 2, 4, 7, and 9), cells submitted to cryopreservation before the selection step, with a post-cryopreservation rest period (Arms 1, 3, 6, and 8), and cells subjected to cryopreservation after the isolation step (Arms 5 and 10, or control arms) at various stages of a process. Specifically, viability was assessed after apheresis was collected; after apheresis is formulated for cryopreservation; after apheresis is cryopreserved for a specified period of time, followed by thawing and diluting; after the diluted thawed apheresis is washed; after the washed apheresis is rested for 2 hr in an incubator; after the antibody coated beads are added to the sample; and after CD8 + and / or CD4 + T cells are isolated. The cell viability values across all arms were comparable with the cell viability values for the control arms at each processing step.
[00327] Total nucleated cell counts (TNC) were also determined for all samples during the various steps leading to the isolation of CD4 + and / or CD8 + T cells. Cell losses were mainly found to occur during the formulation step. The proportions of cell yield obtained by normalizing the post-isolation cell number values to the pre-isolation cell number values demonstrate that cell losses in the cryopreserved apheresis sample occur.
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137/176 before isolation of CD4 + and CD8 + T cell population, and that cell yield step by step within the isolation process was not impacted. However, in this experiment, the final TNC values correspond to the selected cells being verified to be slightly different between some cryopreserved apheresis arms and control arms of each cell type for each donor, possibly due to the cell losses that occur pre-isolation. However, the CD4 + T cell yield for a donor was found to be comparable between cryopreserved apheresis and the control arm, [00328] Example 5: Evaluation of cell phenotypes and viability after the isolation and freezing steps [00329] After the steps In isolation, cells that require a cryopreservation step (Arms 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, and 10) were cryopreserved and then thawed for further analysis. The cells in arms 3, 4, 8, and 9 were cryogenically stored for 1.5 to 2 weeks before being thawed for further analysis and processing. The cells in arms 5 and 10 (or control arms) were cryogenically stored for 2 weeks before being thawed for further analysis and processing. Assays were performed at this point for all isolated T cell populations obtained from all arms of each donor prior to any cell activation steps. The TMEM assay evaluated the presence of several T cell markers through the populations of cells selected from the different arms of each donor. The distribution of cell phenotype (based on the detection of selected markers) does not vary greatly between cryopreserved apheresis arms and control arms of each cell type for each donor. The cells in the arms that do not support a post-isolation freezing step tend towards naive-like cells (CD45RA + / CCR7 +, CD27 + / CD28 +) with few effector cells
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138/176 terminals (CD45RA +, CCR7-). CD62L was slightly reduced for samples submitted to the post-isolation freezing step.
[00330] Cell viability was assessed for all arms of each cell type from each donor prior to cell activation. Cell viability does not vary greatly between cryopreserved apheresis and control arms for each cell type of each donor. Additionally, in order to assess the effects of the post-isolation freezing step, the cell yield ratios were obtained by normalizing the cell numbers obtained after the post-isolation freezing step to the cell numbers obtained after isolation, pre-freezing. The proportions of cell yield were similar between cryopreserved apheresis and control arms.
[00331] Caspase 3 levels have been found to be low (less than or about 5%) across all arms.
[00332] Example 6: Evaluation of cell viability and cell yield during activation, transduction, and expansion [00333] As previously discussed, after the isolation step, the study arms that need to withstand a post-isolation freezing step they were cryogenically stored for a specified amount of time before they were thawed and continued through activation, transduction and expansion steps. Cell viability and TNG values were determined after the cryopreserved material was thawed; after the thawed material is stimulated in the presence of spheres coated with paramagnetic polystyrene with fixed anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies; after activated cells support transduction; after the spheres are removed from the cells; and after the cells are expanded for 2 or 3 days. Cell viability was found to be comparable between cryopreserved apheresis and control arms of each cell type for
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139/176 for each donor. In the stimulation stage, the cell viability values for cryopreserved apheresis arms showed less than 20% difference compared to the values for their corresponding control arms. This percentage difference was lower than 10% in all of the other stages. In addition, the TNG values obtained in each of these steps were equivalent between cryopreserved apheresis arms and their corresponding control arms. In addition, the doubled expansion calculated at each stage was also found to be equivalent between cryopreserved apheresis arms and their corresponding control arms.
[00334] These results indicate that in this experiment, cryopreserved apheresis sample, whether a resting stage or additional cryopreservation step immediately after isolation and cryopreserved apheresis samples, with a resting step, but no additional cryopreservation step immediately after isolation, has similar cell yield or higher end compared to their corresponding control arms.
[00335] Example 7: Evaluation of cell viability, cell yield, and cell activity during formulation of a cryopreserved composition [00336] The cells in each arm, obtained after the expansion step, were formulated in cryopreservation medium, and frozen. The samples were then thawed for further analysis. The cell viability and cell yield values were determined for cells in all study arms at this stage. Average viability and cell number yield were equivalent between cryopreserved apheresis arms and their corresponding control arms at this stage.
[00337] The tests were also performed to assess the distribution of the cell phenotype to all arms. The phenotypes of the sky
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140/176 squid were found to be statistically equivalent between cryopreserved apheresis arms and their corresponding control arms. Arms that do not support a post-isolation freezing step tend to contain a higher percentage of CD45RA + / CCR7 + cells and CD27 + / CD28 + cells, and fewer CD45RA +, CCR7 cells. Additionally, in this experiment, Caspase 3 levels were found to be slightly higher for CD8 + T cell arms compared to CD4 + T cell arms, with arms that include a post-isolation freezing step revealing a higher caspase level. than arms that do not include this step.
[00338] Gamma interferon secretion (IFNy) was used to evaluate post-processing of T cell functionality. T cells in each arm were stimulated to produce IFNy. After stimulation, supernatants were collected and IFNy secreted in the supernatant was measured. The values for all experimental conditions were consistent with the values for their corresponding controls, demonstrating that the cell activity of the final cell product was not affected by the previous cryopreservation step.
[00339] A cytolytic assay was also performed to evaluate the cytolytic activity of the produced CD8 + T cells. Cytolytic activity was measured in various effector cell ratios: Target cell to determine EC50 (the proportion required to kill 50% of target cells). The fold difference of cytolytic EC50 between cryopreserved apheresis arms compared to their corresponding control arms was found to be lower than 2 times the difference, suggesting that different arm conditions do not significantly change the cytolytic EC50 of the resulting cells.
EXEMPLARY ACCOMPLISHMENTS [00340] 1. A method comprising: storage cells
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141/176 cryogenically from a biological sample derived from a donor, in which the cells were obtained from the donor at a point in time which is (i) after the donor is diagnosed with a disease or condition, and before having received a or more of the following: any initial treatment for the disease or condition, any targeted treatment or any treatment labeled for treatment for the disease or condition, or any treatment other than radiation and / or chemotherapy, (ii) after a first relapse, at donor, disease or condition after initial treatment for the disease or condition, and before the donor receives post-relapse treatment for the disease or condition, or (iii) a time in which the donor has not been diagnosed with, or is not known of or is not suspected of having the disease or condition.
[00341] 2. The method, according to embodiment 1, in which the biological sample is or is derived from a blood sample from the donor.
[00342] 3. The method, according to embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, in which the cells have not undergone a selection step to, and / or have not been enriched for, a blood cell population, and / or a T cell population, and / or a subset of T cell, before being cryogenically stored.
[00343] 4. The method, according to embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, in which the cells have undergone a selection and / or enrichment step of a blood cell, and / or T cell population before being cryogenically stored , optionally in which the method additionally comprises selecting or enriching the cell population of the biological sample prior to said cryogenic storage.
[00344] 5. The method, in accordance with embodiment 4, in which the selection and / or enrichment stage comprises a selection based on application 870190113976, of 11/07/2019, p. 146/181
142/176 if immunoaffinity, and / or comprises positive or negative selection. [00345] 6. The method, according to any of embodiments 2-5, in which: the selection and / or enrichment step comprises enrichment and / or isolation of CD4 + cells, or a subset of these, and / or CD8 + cells , or a subset of these, in which the enrichment or isolation of CD4 * cells, or a subset of these, is carried out, either separately or in combination with a selection and / or isolation of CD8 + cells, or a subset of these, optionally in which the subset of CD8 + cells, and / or the subset of CD4 + cells is optionally selected from the group consisting of memory cells, central memory T cells (TCM), effector memory cells (Tem), central trunk memory cells (TSCM), effector T cells (TE), effector memory cells RA T (TEMRA), naive T cells (TN), and / or regulatory T cells (TREG).
[00346] 7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, in which the cells comprise or are enriched with T cells.
[00347] 8. The method, according to embodiment 7, in which T cells comprise or are enriched for CD4 ⁺ T cells, or a subset of these, CD8 ⁺ T cells, or a subset of these, or a mixture thereof, in which the subset of CD8 + cells and / or the subset of CD4 + cells is optionally selected from the group consisting of memory cells, central memory T cells (TCM), effector memory cells (Tem), central memory stem cells (TSCM), effector T cells (TE), effector memory cells RA T (TEMRA), naive T cells (TN), and / or regulatory T cells (TREG).
[00348] 9. The method according to any one of claims 1-8, further comprising, prior to cryogenically storing the cells: cooling the cells to a lower temperature
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143/176 than or equal to 0 ° C.
[00349] 10. The method, according to embodiment 8, further comprising, before storage and / or before cooling the cells: combining the cells with a freezing solution.
[00350] 11.0 method, according to embodiment 10, in which the freezing solution comprises about 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and a whey protein, optionally human serum albumin, optionally about 4% human albumin human serum, and / or in which the freezing solution comprises and / or the final concentration of the composition in which the cells are cryopreserved and stored comprises between about 1% and about 20%, between about 3% and about 9 %, or between about 6% and about 9% by volume of DMSO, and / or comprises about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 5.5%, about 6%, about 6.5%, about 7%, about 7.5%, about 8%, about 8.5%, about 9%, about 9.5%, or about 10% by volume DMSO.
[00351] 12. The method according to any of claims 9-11, in which the cooling of the cells comprises lowering the temperature at a rate of in or about 1 ° C per minute, optionally until the temperature reaches in or about -80 ° C.
[00352] 13. The method according to any of claims 1-11, in which the cells are cryogenically stored in a container placed in a liquid nitrogen vapor phase, in which the container is optionally a suitable bag or bottle for cryopreservation.
[00353] 14. The method according to any one of claims 1-13, in which the cells are cryogenically stored for a period of time greater than or equal to 12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, or 4 weeks, 1
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144/176 month, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5 months, 6 months, 7 months, 8 months, 9 months, 10 months, 11 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, 5 years, 6 years, 7 years, 8 years, 9 years, 10 years, 11 years, 12 years, 13 years, 14 years, 15 years, 16 years, 17 years, 18 years, 19 years, 20 years, 25 years, 30 years , 35 years, or 40 years.
[00354] 15. The method, according to any of embodiments 1-14, in which the cells are stored for a period of time and in which, after the period of time, the percentage of viable cells or viable T cells or subtype or subset of these in the composition is about 24% to about 100%, or is at least about 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, or 90%.
[00355] 16. The method according to any of claims 1-15, in which the disease is a cancer, an inflammatory disease or condition, an autoimmune disease or condition, or an infectious disease or condition.
[00356] 17. The method, according to embodiment 16, in which the cancer is chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, pro-lymphocytic leukemia, hairy cell leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, null acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma , non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, large diffuse B-cell lymphoma, multiple myeloma, follicular lymphoma, splenic marginal zone lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, indolent B cell lymphoma, or acute myeloid leukemia.
[00357] 18. The method, according to embodiment 16 or 17, in which the cancer comprises cells that express at least one of ROR1, EGFR, Her2, L1-CAM, CD19, CD20, CD22, mesothelin, CEA, and hepatitis B surface antigen, anti-folate receptor, CD23, CD24, CD30, CD33, CD38, CD44, EGFR, EGP-2, EGP-4, EPHa2, ErbB2, 3, or 4, FBP, fetal aceticoline receptor , GD2, GD3, HMWMAA, IL-22R-alpha, IL-13R-alpha2, kdr, kappa light chain, Lewis Y, L1
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145/176 liquid adhesion molecule, MAGE-A1, MUC1, MUC16, cell maturation antigen (BCMA), FCRL5 / FCRH5, GPRC5D, PSCA, NKG2D Ligands, NY-ESO-1, MART-1, gp1OO, antigen oncofetal, TAG72, VEGF-R2, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), prostate specific antigen, PSMA, Her2 / neu, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, ephrinB2, CD123, CS-1, c-Met, GD-2, and MAGE A3, CE7, Wilms Tumor 1 (WT-1), and a cyclin, such as cyclin A1 (CCNA1).
[00358] 19. The method according to any of claims 1-18, in which the initial treatment or the subsequent treatment is chemotherapy, radiation, and / or surgery, and / or is a debulking treatment. [00359] 20. The method, according to embodiment 19, in which the initial treatment or the subsequent treatment is or comprises combination chemotherapy.
[00360] 21. The method according to any of claims 1-20, in which the donor is human.
[00361] 22. The method according to any of claims 1-21, further comprising analyzing the cells prior to cryogenic storage, optionally by assessing the cell surface expression for one or more phenotypic markers. [00362] 23. The method according to any of claims 1-21, further comprising thawing the cryogenically stored cells.
[00363] 24. The method, according to embodiment 23, further comprising performing post-cryogenic modification to increase cell activity.
[00364] 25. The method, according to embodiment 24, in which the post-cryogenic modification is based on the analysis of the cells before cryogenic storage.
[00365] 26. The method, according to any of the concrete
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146/176 zations 23-25, further comprising, after cryogenic storage and / or thawing the cells, designing the cells to express a recombinant or exogenous molecule, which optionally is a recombinant protein, optionally a recombinant receptor, which optionally is or comprises a T cell receptor (TCR), a chimeric receptor, and / or a chimeric antigen receptor.
[00366] 27. The method, according to embodiment 26, in which the recombinant molecule is a recombinant receptor that specifically recognizes or binds to an antigen expressed by, specifically expressed by, or associated with, the disease or condition.
[00367] 28. The method according to any of claims 1-26, in which the number of cells, when collected from the donor, and / or total in the apheresis sample, is at or about, or is no more than at or about 500 x 10 ⁶ , 1000 x 10 ^s , 2000 x 10®, 3000 x 10 ⁶ , 4000 x 10®, or 5000 x 10® or more total cells or total nucleated cells.
[00368] 29. A method for processing an apheresis sample, comprising: (a) loading in a chilled environment to a storage facility the apheresis sample obtained from a donor; and (b) cryogenically store the apheresis sample, optionally in the storage facility.
[00369] 30. The method, according to embodiment 29, further comprising enriching T cells from the apheresis sample before loading and / or before the sample is cryogenically stored.
[00370] 31. The method, according to embodiment 30, in which T cells are or comprise or are enriched for CD4 ⁺ T cells, or a subset of these, CD8 ⁺ T cells, or a subset of these, or a mixture of these, optionally in which the sub-set
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147/176 t of CD8 + cells, and / or the subset of CD4 + cells is optionally selected from the group consisting of memory cells, central memory T cells (TCM), effector memory cells (Tem), central memory cells trunks (TSCM), effector T cells (TE), RA effector memory cells (TEMRA), naive T cells (TN), and / or regulatory T cells (TREG), and / or in which the sample is enriched by cells Load tee.
[00371] 32. The method according to any of claims 29-31, further comprising analyzing the apheresis sample prior to loading.
[00372] 33. The method according to any of claims 29-32, further comprising adding a freezing solution to the apheresis sample prior to loading.
[00373] 34. The method, according to embodiment 32, further comprising adding a freezing solution to the apheresis sample before loading, in which the freezing solution is selected based on the analysis of the apheresis sample before loading.
[00374] 35. The method according to any of claims 29-34, further comprising cryogenically freezing the apheresis sample prior to loading.
[00375] 36. The method, according to embodiment 35, further comprising enriching T cells of the apheresis sample after loading and prior to cryogenically storing the cells.
[00376] 37. The method, according to embodiment 36, in which T cells are or comprise or are enriched for CD4 ⁺ T cells, or a subset thereof, CD8 ⁺ T cells, or a subset thereof, or a mixture thereof, optionally in which the subset of CD8 + cells, and / or the subset of CD4 + cells is optionally
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148/176 selected from the group consisting of memory cells, central memory T cells (TCM), effector memory cells (Tem), central trunk memory cells (TSCM), effector T cells (TE), memory cells effector RA T (TEMRA), naive T cells (TN), and / or regulatory T cells (TREG), and / or comprise charge T cells.
[00377] 38. The method according to any one of claims 36-37, further comprising analyzing the apheresis sample or T cells after loading and before cryogenically storing the cells.
[00378] 39. The method according to any of claims 36-38, further comprising adding a freezing solution to the apheresis sample, or the T cells after loading and prior to cryogenically storing the cells.
[00379] 40. The method, according to embodiment 38, further comprising adding a freezing solution to the apheresis sample, or the T cells after loading and before the cryogenically storage of the cells, in which the freezing solution is optionally selected based on the analysis of the apheresis sample, or T cells after loading and before cryogenically storing the cells.
[00380] 41. The method according to any of claims 29-40, further comprising thawing the cryogenically stored cells.
[00381] 42. The method, according to embodiment 41, further comprising analyzing the cells after thawing.
[00382] 43. The method, according to embodiment 42, further comprising selecting conditions for further modification of the cells based on the analysis after thawing.
[00383] 44. A treatment method comprising: obtain and op
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149/176 tionally thaw a cryogenically frozen sample of cells, optionally comprising T cells, derived from an individual, in which, prior to said obtaining, the cells were cryogenically frozen for a period of at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 months, or at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 years; modifying cells to express a recombinant antigen receptor; and administering the cells to the individual.
[00384] 45. The method, according to embodiment 44, in which the sample has been frozen and / or stored according to the method according to any of embodiments 1-43.
ADDITIONAL EXEMPLARY IMPLEMENTATIONS I [00385] 1. A method for producing a developed cell composition, the method comprising: (a) incubating, under stimulation conditions, an entry composition comprising T cells enriched for CD4 + primary human T cells, referred to stimulation conditions comprising the presence of (i) a stimulatory reagent capable of activating one or more intracellular signaling domains of one or more components of a TCR complex, and / or one or more intracellular signaling domains of one or more co-stimulatory molecules , and (ii) one or more cytokines, thereby generating a stimulated composition: and (b) introducing a recombinant receptor into the stimulated composition, thereby generating a developed composition comprising developed T cells, in which the entry composition is or is derived from a sample that has been cryogenically stored for a period of at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 months, or at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 years.
[00386] 2. The method, according to embodiment 1, in which the stimulatory reagent comprises a primary agent that specifically binds to a member of a TCR complex, optionallyPetition 870190113976, of 11/07/2019, p. 154/181
150/176 te that specifically binds to CD3.
[00387] 3. The method, according to embodiment 2, in which the stimulatory reagent additionally comprises a secondary agent that specifically binds to a T cell co-stimulatory molecule, optionally in which the co-stimulatory molecule is selected from CD28, CD137 ( 4-1-BB), 0X40, or ICOS.
[00388] 4. The method, according to embodiment 2 or embodiment 3, in which the primary agent and / or secondary agent comprises an antibody, optionally in which the stimulatory reagent comprises incubation with an anti-CD3 antibody and an anti-CD28 antibody , or an antigen binding fragment thereof.
[00389] 5. The method according to any of claims 2-4, in which the primary agent and / or secondary agent are present on the surface of a solid support.
[00390] 6. The method, according to embodiment 5, in which the solid support is or comprises a sphere.
[00391] 7. The method, according to embodiment 6, in which the sphere comprises a diameter of greater than or greater than about 3.5 pm, but not greater than about 9 pm, or not greater than about 8 pm, or no greater than about 7 pm, or no greater than about 6 pm, or no greater than about 5 pm.
[00392] 8. The method, according to embodiment 6 or embodiment 7, in which the sphere comprises a diameter of or about 4.5 pm.
[00393] 9. The method according to any of claims 6-8, in which the sphere is inert.
[00394] 10. The method according to any of claims 6-9, in which the sphere is or comprises a polystyrene surface.
[00395] 11.0 method, according to any of the claimsPetition 870190113976, of 11/07/2019, p. 155/181
151/176 tions 6-10, in which the sphere is magnetic or superparamagnetic.
[00396] 12. The method according to any of claims 6-11, in which the ratio of beads to cells is less than 3: 1.
[00397] 13. The method according to any of claims 6-12, in which the ratio of beads to cells is from or about 2: 1 to 0.5: 1.
[00398] 14. The method according to any of claims 6-13, in which the ratio of beads to cells is at or about 1: 1.
[00399] 15. The method according to any of claims 1-14, in which the introduction comprises transducing cells of the stimulated composition with a viral vector comprising a polynucleotide encoding a recombinant receptor.
[00400] 16. The method, according to embodiment 15, in which the viral vector is a retroviral vector.
[00401] 17. The method, according to embodiment 15 or embodiment 16, in which the viral vector is a lentiviral vector or gamma-retroviral vector.
[00402] 18. The method according to any one of claims 15-17, in which the introduction is carried out in the presence of a transduction aid.
[00403] 19. The method according to any one of claims 1-18, in which the introduction comprises transfecting the cells of the stimulated composition with a vector comprising a polynucleotide encoding a recombinant receptor.
[00404] 20. The method, according to embodiment 19, in which the vector is a transposon, optionally a Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon, or a Piggybac transposon.
[00405] 21. The method, according to any one of the claims
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152/176 tions 1-20, further comprising cultivating the developed composition under conditions to promote proliferation or expansion of the developed cells, thereby producing an output composition comprising the developed T cells.
[00406] 22. The method, according to embodiment 21, in which the stimulatory reagent is removed from the composition developed before cultivation.
[00407] 23. The method, according to embodiment 22, in which the removal of the spheres comprises exposing the cells of the developed composition to a magnetic field.
[00408] 24. The method according to any of claims 21-23, in which at least a portion of the cultivation is performed with continuous mixing and / or perfusion.
[00409] 25. A method of producing a developed cell composition comprising: (a) incubating, under stimulation conditions, an input composition comprising primary T cells enriched by one or both of the primary CD4 * and 008% referred T cells stimulation conditions comprising the presence of (i) a stimulatory reagent capable of activating one or more intracellular signaling domains of one or more components of a TCR complex, and / or one or more intracellular signaling domains of one or more co-stimulatory molecules , and (ii) one or more cytokines, thereby generating a stimulated composition; and (b) introducing a recombinant receptor into the stimulated composition, thereby generating a developed composition comprising developed T cells, in which the input composition is or is derived from a sample that has been cryogenically stored for a period of at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 months, or at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 years.
[00410] 26. The method, according to embodiment 24 or con
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153/176 cretization 35, in which the stimulatory reagent comprises a primary agent that specifically binds to a member of a TCR complex, optionally that specifically binds to CD3.
[00411] 27. The method, according to embodiment 26, in which the stimulatory reagent further comprises a secondary agent that specifically binds to a T cell co-stimulatory molecule, optionally in which the co-stimulatory molecule is selected from CD28, CD137 ( 4-1-BB), 0X40, or ICOS.
[00412] 28. The method, according to embodiment 26 or embodiment 27, in which the primary agent and / or secondary agent comprises an antibody, optionally in which the stimulatory reagent comprises incubation with an anti-CD3 antibody and an anti -CD28, or an antigen binding fragment thereof.
[00413] 29. The method according to any of claims 26-28, in which the primary agent and / or secondary agent are present on the surface of a solid support.
[00414] 30. The method, according to embodiment 29, in which the solid support is or comprises a sphere.
[00415] 31. The method, according to embodiment 30, in which the sphere comprises a diameter of greater than or greater than about 3.5 pm, but no more than about 9 pm, or no more than about 8 pm, or no more than about 7 pm, or no more than about 6 pm, or no more than about 5 pm.
[00416] 32. The method, according to embodiment 30 or embodiment 31, in which q sphere comprises a diameter of or about 4.5 pm.
[00417] 33. The method according to any of claims 30-32, in which the sphere is inert.
[00418] 34. The method according to any one of claims 30-33, in which the sphere is or comprises a polyPetition surface 870190113976, of 11/07/2019, pg. 158/181
154/176 styrene.
[00419] 35. The method according to any of claims 30-34, in which the sphere is magnetic or superparamagnetic.
[00420] 36. The method according to any of claims 30-35, in which the ratio of beads to cells is less than: 1.
[00421] 37. The method according to any of claims 30-36, in which the ratio of beads to cells is from or about 2: 1 to 0.5: 1.
[00422] 38. The method according to any of claims 30-37, in which the ratio of beads to cells is at or about 1: 1.
[00423] 39. The method according to any of claims 24-38, in which the introduction comprises transducing the cells of the stimulated composition with a viral vector comprising a polynucleotide encoding a recombinant receptor.
[00424] 40. The method, according to embodiment 39, in which the viral vector is a retroviral vector.
[00425] 41. The method, according to embodiment 39 or embodiment 40, in which the viral vector is a lentivector vector or gamma-retroviral vector.
[00426] 42. The method according to any of claims 24-41, in which the introduction is carried out in the presence of a transduction adjuvant.
[00427] 43. The method according to any of claims 24-38, in which the introduction comprises transfecting the cells of the stimulated composition with a vector comprising a polynucleotide encoding a recombinant receptor.
[00428] 44. The method, according to embodiment 43, in which the vector is a transposon, optionally a transposon Sleeping Beauty
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155/176 (SB), or a Piggybac transposon.
[00429] 45. The method, according to embodiment 24 or embodiment 25, in which the developed cell composition does not comprise a stimulating reagent, and / or the stimulating reagent was substantially removed from the composition prior to cultivation, said stimulating reagent comprising a reagent capable of activating one or more intracellular signaling domains of one or more components of a TCR complex, and / or one or more intracellular signaling domains of one or more co-stimulatory molecules. [00430] 46. The method according to any one of claims 21-45, in which cultivation is carried out at least until the output composition comprises a limit number of T cells.
[00431] 47. The method, according to embodiment 46, in which cultivation is continued for at least one day after the limit number of T cells is reached.
[00432] 48. The method according to any of claims 21-47, in which subsequent to cultivation, cells from the outgoing composition are collected.
[00433] 49. The method, according to any of embodiments 21-48, further comprising formulating cells of the output composition for cryopreservation and / or administration to an individual, optionally in the presence of a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
[00434] 50. The method, according to embodiment 49, in which the cells of the output composition are formulated in the presence of a cryoprotectant.
[00435] 51. The method, according to embodiment 50, in which the cryoprotectant comprises DMSO.
[00436] 52. The method, according to any of the embodiments 49-51, in which the cells of the output composition are formuPetição 870190113976, of 07/11/2019, pg. 160/181
156/176 in a container, optionally a bottle or a bag.
[00437] 53. The method according to any of claims 1-38, further comprising isolating CD4 + T cells and / or CD8 + T cells from a biological sample prior to incubation. [00438] 54. The method, according to embodiment 53, in which the isolation comprises, selecting cells based on the surface expression of CD4 and / or CD8, optionally by positive or negative selection.
[00439] 55. The method, according to embodiment 53 or embodiment 54, in which the isolation comprises making an immunoaffinity based selection.
[00440] 56. The method according to any of claims 53-55, in which the biological sample comprises primary T cells obtained from an individual.
[00441] 57. The method, according to embodiment 56, in which the individual is a human individual.
[00442] 58. The method, according to any of the embodiments 53-55, in which the biological sample is or comprises a whole blood sample, a buffy coat sample, a peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) sample , an unfractionated T cell sample, a lymphocyte sample, a white blood cell sample, an apheresis product, or a leukapheresis product.
[00443] 59. The method according to any of claims 53-55, in which the biological sample is or comprises a cryopreserved apheresis product, or a cryopreserved leukapheresis product.
[00444] 60. The method according to any of claims 1-59, in which the recombinant receptor is able to bind to a target antigen, which is associated with, specific to, and / or expresses a
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157/176 a cell or tissue from a disease, disorder or condition.
[00445] 61. The method, according to embodiment 60, in which the disease, disorder or condition is an infectious disease or disorder, an autoimmune disease, an inflammatory disease, or a tumor or cancer.
[00446] 62. The method, according to embodiment 60 or embodiment 61, in which the target antigen is a tumor antigen.
[00447] 63. The method according to any of claims 60-62, in which the target antigen is selected from 5T4, 8H9, avb6 integrin, B7-H6, B cell maturation antigen (BCMA), CA9 , a cancer testing antigen, carbonic anhydrase 9 (CAIX), CCL-1, CD19, CD20, CD22, CEA, hepatitis B surface antigen, CD23, CD24, CD30, CD33, CD38, CD44, CD44v6, CD44v7 / 8, CD123, CD138, CD171, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CE7, a cyclin, cyclin A2, c-Met, double antigen, EGFR, epithelial glycoprotein 2 (EPG-2), epithelial glycoprotein 40 (EPG-40), EPHa2 , ephrinB2, erbB2, erb-B3, erb-B4, erbB dimers, EGFR vlll, estrogen receptor, Fetal AchR, alpha folate receptor, folate binding protein (FBP), FCRL5, FCRH5, fetal aceticoline receptor, G250 / CAIX, GD2, GD3, gp100, G 5D Protein Coupled Receptor (GPCR5D), Her2 / neu (erbB2 tyrosine kinase receptor), HMW-MAA, IL-22R-alpha, IL-13 alpha 2 (IL-13Ra2) receptor domain receiver d and kinase insert © (kdr), kappa light chain, Lewis Y, L1 -cellular adhesion molecule (L1CAM), melanoma-associated antigen (MAGE) -A1, MAGE-A3, MAGE-A6, MART-1, mesotelin , CMV murin, mucin 1 (MUC1), MUC16, NOAM, NKG2D, NKG2D ligands, NY-ESO-1, O-acetylated GD2 (OGD2), oncofetal antigen, preferentially expressed melanoma (PRAME) antigen, PSCA, progesterone receptor , survivin, ROR1, TAG72, tEGFR, VEGF receptors, VEGF-R2, Wilms Tumor 1 (WT-1), a pathogen specific antigen, and an associPetition antigen 870190113976, of 11/07/2019, pg. 162/181
158/176 with a universal label.
[00448] 64. The method according to any one of claims 1-63, in which the recombinant receptor is or comprises a functional non-TCR antigen receptor, or a TCR or antigen binding fragment thereof.
[00449] 65. The method according to any of claims 1-64, in which the recombinant receptor is a chimeric antigen (CAR) receptor.
[00450] 66. The method according to any one of claims 1-65, in which the recombinant receptor is an anti-CD19 CAR.
[00451] 67. The method, according to embodiment 65, in which the chimeric antigen receptor comprises an extracellular domain comprising an antigen binding domain.
[00452] 68. The method according to embodiment 67, in which the antigen binding domain is or comprises an antibody or antibody fragment thereof, which optionally is a single chain fragment.
[00453] 69. The method, according to embodiment 68, in which the fragment comprises variable regions of antibody joined by a flexible linker.
[00454] 70. The method, according to embodiment 68 or embodiment 69, in which the fragment comprises an scFv.
[00455] 71. The method according to any of claims 67-70, in which the chimeric antigen receptor additionally comprises a spacer and / or a hinge region.
[00456] 72. The method, according to any of embodiments 67-71, in which the chimeric antigen receptor comprises an intracellular signaling region.
[00457] 73. The method, according to embodiment 72, in which the intracellular signaling region comprises a signaling domainPetition 870190113976, of 11/7/2019, pg. 163/181
159/176 intracellular tion.
[00458] 74. The method, according to embodiment 73, in which the intracellular signaling domain is or comprises a primary signaling domain, a signaling domain that is capable of inducing a primary activation signal in a T cell, a T cell receptor component (TCR) signaling domain, and / or a signaling domain comprising a tyrosine immunoreceptor-based activation motif (ITAM).
[00459] 75. The method according to embodiment 74, in which the intracellular signaling domain is or comprises an intracellular signaling domain of a CD3 chain, optionally a CD3-zeta (ΟΟ3ζ) chain, or a portion signaling.
[00460] 76. The method of any one of claims 72-75, in which the chimeric antigen receptor further comprises a transmembrane domain disposed between the extracellular domain and the intracellular signaling region.
[00461] 77. The method of any one of claims 72-76, in which the intracellular signaling region further comprises co-stimulatory signaling region.
[00462] 78. The method, according to embodiment 77, in which the co-stimulatory signaling region comprises an intracellular signaling domain of a T cell co-stimulatory molecule, or a signaling portion thereof.
[00463] 79. The method, according to embodiment 77 or embodiment 78, in which the co-stimulatory signaling region comprises an intracellular signaling domain of a CD28, a 4-1 BB or an ICOS, or a signaling portion thereof .
[00464] 80. The method according to any of claims 77-79, in which the co-stimulatory signaling region is between the transmembrane domain and the intracellular signaling region.
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160/176 [00465] 81. The method according to any of claims 46-47, in which the output composition comprising the limit number, or greater number of cells is produced between greater than or greater than about 85%, greater than or greater than about 90% or greater than or greater than about 95% of the method iterations.
[00466] 82. A composition comprising developed cells produced by a method according to any one of claims 1-79.
[00467] 83. The composition according to embodiment 82, further comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
[00468] 84. The composition according to embodiment 82 or embodiment 83, comprising a cryoprotectant, optionally DMSO.
[00469] 85. An article of manufacture, comprising the composition according to any of the embodiments 80-82, and instructions for administering the outgoing composition to an individual.
[00470] 86. The article of manufacture, according to the materialization
85, in which the individual has a disease or condition, optionally in which the recombinant receptor specifically recognizes or specifically binds to an antigen associated with, or expressed in, or present in the cells of the disease or condition.
[00471] 87. The article of manufacture, according to embodiment or embodiment 86, in which the output composition is a composition of developed CD4 + T cells.
[00472] 88. The article of manufacture, according to embodiment or embodiment 86, in which the output composition is a developed composition of CD8 * T cells.
[00473] 89. An article of manufacture comprising a make up
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161/176 developed CD4 + T cells produced by the method according to any of claims 1-25 or 26-81, a composition of developed CD8 + T cells produced by the method according to any of claims 2-23, 25 or 26-81, and instructions for administering the developed CD4 + T cells and the developed CD8 + T cells to an individual.
[00474] 90. The article of manufacture, according to the materialization
89, in which the instructions specify separately to administer CD4 + T cells and CD8 + T cells to the individual.
[00475] 91. The article of manufacture, according to embodiment or embodiment 90, in which the instructions specify to administer CD4 + T cells and CD8 + T cells to the individual in a desired proportion.
ADDITIONAL EXEMPLARY CONCRETIZATIONS II [00476] 1. A method of storing a biological sample, the method comprising obtaining a biological sample from an individual by dividing the biological sample into two or more separate containers by cryopreserving the biological sample that stores the cryopreserved biological sample.
[00477] 2. The method, according to embodiment 1, in which the individual is a human individual.
[00478] 3. The method according to any one of claims 1-2, in which the biological sample is an apheresis product or a leukapheresis product.
[00479] 4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, in which the two or more separate containers are each selected from the group consisting of a cryogenic bag and / or a cryogenic bottle.
[00480] 5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, in which the two or more separate containers contain in this
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162/176 unique identifier.
[00481] 6. The method, according to embodiment 5, in which the unique identifier comprises any one or more of text information, an RFID tag, a QR code, and / or a bar code.
[00482] 7. The method according to any of claims 5-6, in which the unique identifier information comprises information about any one or more of the following categories: the identity of the individual, location of sample storage, storage and / or manipulation of instructions, date of receipt, date of cryopreservation, date of expiration, and intended use.
[00483] 8. The method according to any of claims 1-7, in which the biological sample is stored for a period of time greater than or equal to 12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, or 4 weeks, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5 months, 6 months, 7 months, 8 months, 9 months, 10 months, 11 months, 1 year, 2 years , 3 years, 4 years, 5 years, 6 years, 7 years, 8 years, 9 years, 10 years, 11 years, 12 years, 13 years, 14 years, 15 years, 16 years, 17 years, 18 years, 19 years, 20 years, 25 years, 30 years, 35 years, or 40 years.
[00484] 9. A method of storing a biological sample, the method comprising: (a) obtaining a biological sample from an individual; (b) cryopreserve the biological sample in one or more containers; and (c) store the cryopreserved biological sample for a period of time greater than or equal to 12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, or 4 weeks, 1 month, 2 months , 3 months, 4 months, 5 months, 6 months, 7 months, 8 months, 9 months, 10 months, 11 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, 5 years, 6 years, 7 years, 8 years, 9 years, 10 years, 11 years, 12 years, 13 years, 14 years, 15 years, 16 years, 17 years, 18 years, 19 years, 20 years, 25 years,
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163/176 years, 35 years, or 40 years.
[00485] 10. The method, according to embodiment 9, in which the individual is a human individual.
[00486] 11.0 method according to any one of claims 9-10, in which the biological sample is an apheresis product or a leukapheresis product.
[00487] 12. The method according to any of claims 9-11, in which the one or more containers are each selected from the group consisting of a cryogenic bag and / or a cryogenic bottle.
[00488] 13. The method according to any of claims 9-12, in which the one or more separate containers contain this unique identifier.
[00489] 14. The method, according to embodiment 13, in which the unique identifier comprises any one or more of text information, an RFID tag, a QR code, and / or a bar code.
[00490] 15. The method according to any one of claims 13-14, in which the unique identifier information comprises information about any one or more of the following categories: the identity of the individual, location of sample storage, storage and / or manipulation of instructions, date of receipt, date of cryopreservation, date of expiration, and intended use.
[00491] 16. A method of obtaining a biological sample corresponding to an individual, the method comprising: (a) locating a cryopreserved sample in a central facility based on a unique identifier that associates the sample with the individual: and (b) obtaining the cryopreserved sample.
[00492] 17. The method, according to embodiment 16, in which the biological sample is genetically corresponding to the individual, is
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164/176 suitable for producing an autologous product for the individual, and / or contains cells of the individual.
ADDITIONAL EXEMPULAR ACHIEVEMENTS III [00493] 1. A method comprising cells cryogenically storing a biological sample derived from a donor, in which the cells are obtained from the donor at a point in time that is after the donor is diagnosed with, or considered to have, or be suspected of having, a disease or condition, and before the donor has received one or more treatments for the disease or condition; and in which the cells are frozen in a rate controlled refrigerator using a gradual freezing profile comprising at least one step in which the sample and / or chamber is cooled at a rate greater than 1 ° C per minute.
[00494] 2. A method comprising cells cryogenically storing a biological sample derived from a donor, in which the cells were obtained from the donor at a point in time after the donor was found to be refractory to, or to have experienced a relapse after a treatment regimen for a disease or condition, and before the donor has received subsequent treatment for the disease or condition.
[00495] 3. A method comprising cells cryogenically storing a biological sample derived from a donor, in which the cells were obtained from the donor at a point in time at which the donor was not diagnosed with, or is not known to , or is not suspected of having, a disease or condition, and in which cells are frozen in a rate controlled refrigerator using a gradual freeze profile comprising at least one step in which the sample and / or chamber is cooled at a rate greater than 1 ° C per minute.
[00496] 4. A method comprising: (a) freezing cryogenically
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165/176 te cells from a biological sample derived from a donor, and (b) store the cryogenically frozen cells for a period of time, in which the cells are or were obtained from the donor at a point in time that is (i ) after the donor is diagnosed with, or considered to have, or is suspected of having, a disease or condition, and before the donor has received treatment for the disease or condition; or (ii) after the donor has been found to be refractory to, or has experienced a relapse after a treatment regimen for a disease or condition, and before the donor has received subsequent treatment for the disease or condition, and during which period of storage time, the donor receives or received at least one treatment for the disease or condition.
[00497] 5. A method comprising: (a) cryogenically freezing cells from a donor-derived biological sample, and (b) storing the cryogenically frozen cells for a period of time, in which the cells are or have been obtained from the donor at a point in time that is (i) after the donor is diagnosed with, or considered to have, or is suspected of having, a disease or condition, and before the donor has received treatment for the disease or condition; or (ii) after the donor has been found to be refractory to, or has experienced a relapse after a treatment regimen for a disease or condition, and before the donor has received subsequent treatment for the disease or condition, and in which the cells are cryogenically stored for a period of time greater than or equal to 12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, or 4 weeks, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5 months, 6 months, 7 months, 8 months, 9 months, 10 months, 11 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, 5 years, 6 years, 7 years, 8 years, 9 years, 10 years , 11 years, 12 years, 13 years, 14 years, 15 years, 16 years, 17 years, 18 years, 19 years, 20 years, 25 years, 30 years, 35 years, or 40
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166/176 years, or until the donor needs the cells.
[00498] 6. A method comprising: (a) cryogenically freezing cells from a donor-derived biological sample, and (b) administering a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising developed T cells generated from the cryogenically frozen cells to an individual in need thereof, in which the cells are or were obtained from the donor at a point in time that is (i) after the donor is diagnosed with, or considered to have, or is suspected of having, a disease or condition, and before the donor has received treatment for the disease or condition; or (ii) after the donor has been found to be refractory to, or has experienced a relapse after a treatment regimen for a disease or condition, and before the donor has received subsequent treatment for the disease or condition, and in which between freezing and administration, the donor receives or received at least one treatment for the disease or condition.
[00499] 7. A method comprising: (a) cryogenically freezing cells from a donor-derived biological sample, thereby generating a cryogenically frozen cell composition, and (b) designing cells of the cryogenically frozen cell composition to generate a composition comprising developed T cells, in which the cells are or were obtained from the donor at a point in time which is (i) after the donor is diagnosed with, or considered to have, or is suspected to have, a disease or condition, and before the donor has received treatment for the disease or condition; or (ii) after the donor has been found to be refractory to, or has experienced a relapse after a treatment regimen for a disease or condition, and before the donor has received subsequent treatment for the disease or condition, and in which between freezing and development, the donor receives or received at least
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167/176 a treatment for the disease or condition.
[00500] 8. A treatment method comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of developed T cells to an individual in need thereof, in which the cells are or have been obtained from the individual at a point in time which is (i) after the individual being diagnosed with, or considered to have, or suspected of having, a disease or condition, and before the individual has received treatment for the disease or condition; or (ii) after the individual has been found to be refractory to, or has experienced a relapse after a treatment regimen for a disease or condition, and before the individual has received subsequent treatment for the disease or condition, and in which after the cells are or were obtained from the individual and prior to administration of the developed T cells, the individual receives or received at least one treatment for the disease or condition.
[00501] 9. A method for producing a developed cell composition comprising: (a) obtaining and optionally freezing cryogenically stored cells, and (b) introducing a recombinant receptor into the cryogenically stored cells, thereby generating a developed composition comprising cells Developed T, in which cells are cryogenically stored after collection from a donor at a point in time that is (I) after the donor is diagnosed with, or considered to have, or is suspected of having, a disease or condition, and before donor has received treatment for the disease or condition; or (ii) after the donor has been found to be refractory to, or has experienced a relapse after a treatment regimen for a disease or condition, and before the donor has received subsequent treatment for the disease or condition, and in which after cryogenic storage and before obtaining the cryogenically stored cells, the donor receives or received by mePetição 870190113976, from 11/07/2019, p. 172/181
168/176 us a treatment for the disease or condition.
[00502] 10. The method, according to any of embodiments 1-9, in which the biological sample is or is derived from an apheresis sample, optionally a leukapheresis sample, and / or in which the sample contains blood cells white, and / or Hnfocytes, and / or in which the cells or blood cells in the sample consist essentially of leukocytes, or in which at least 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% , or 99% of the cells in the sample, or at least 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% of the blood cells in the sample are leukocytes.
[00503] 11.0 method, according to any of the embodiments 1-10, in which the cells were not subjected to an immunoaffinity based step, and / or specific target selection, and / or enrichment for a cell population blood, and / or a T cell population, and / or a subset of T cells, before being cryogenically stored.
[00504] 12. The method, according to any of embodiments 1-10, in which the cells were subjected to an immunoaffinity based step, and / or specific target selection, and / or enrichment for a blood cell , and / or T cell population before being cryogenically stored, optionally in which the method further comprises performing said selection or enrichment before said cryogenic storage.
[00505] 13. The method, according to embodiment 12, in which the selection and / or enrichment stage comprises an immunoaffinity based selection, and / or comprises positive or negative selection.
[00506] 14. The method, according to any of the embodiments 12-13, in which: the step of selection and / or enrichment comprises enrichment and / or isolation of CD4 * cells or a subset of these, and / or CD8 + cells or a subset of these, in which
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169/176 the enrichment or isolation of CD4 + cells or a subset thereof, is carried out either separately or in combination with a selection and / or isolation of CD8 + cells or a subset of them, optionally in which the subset of CD8 + cells, and / or the subset of CD4 + cells are optionally selected from the group consisting of memory cells, central memory T cells (TCM), effector memory cells (TEM), central memory stem cells (TSCM), effector T cells (TE), cells from effector memory RA T (TEMRA), naive T cells (TN), and / or regulatory T cells (TREG). [00507] 15. The method, according to any of embodiments 1-14, in which the cells comprise or are enriched for T cells.
[00508] 16. The method, according to embodiment 15, in which T cells comprise or are enriched for CD4 + T cells, or a subset of these, CD8 + T cells, or a subset of these, or a mixture of these, in which the subset of CD8 + cells and / or the subset of CD4 + cells is optionally selected from the group consisting of memory cells, central memory T cells (TCM), effector memory cells (TEM), central trunk memory cells (TSCM ), effector T cells (TE), effector memory cells RA T (TEMRA), naive T cells (TN), and / or regulatory T cells (TREG).
[00509] 17. The method, according to any of embodiments 1-16, further comprising, prior to cryogenically storing the cells, combining the cells with a cryopreservation medium.
[00510] 18. The method, according to embodiment 17, in which the cryopreservation medium comprises about 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and a whey protein, optionally about 4% of human serum albumin human serum albumin, and / or
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170/176 in which the freezing solution comprises and / or the final concentration of the biological sample comprises between about 1% and about 20%, between about 3% and about 9%, or between about 6% and about 9% by volume of DIVISO, and / or comprises about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 5.5%, about 6%, about 6.5%, about 7% , about 7.5%, about 8%, about 8.5%, about 9%, about 9.5%, or about 10% by volume of DMSO.
[00511] 19. The method, according to any of embodiments 2 or 4-18, in which cryogenic storage comprises lowering the temperature at a rate of at or about 1 ° C per minute, optionally until the temperature reaches at or about -80 ° C.
[00512] 20. The method, according to any of embodiments 1-19, in which the cells are cryogenically stored in a container placed in a liquid nitrogen vapor phase, in which the container is optionally a bag or flask.
[00513] 21. The method, according to any of embodiments 1-20, in which the cells are cryogenically stored for a period of time greater than or equal to 12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, or 4 weeks, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5 months, 6 months, 7 months, 8 months, 9 months, 10 months, 11 months, 1 year, 2 years , 3 years, 4 years, 5 years, 6 years, 7 years, 8 years, 9 years, 10 years, 11 years, 12 years, 13 years, 14 years, 15 years, 16 years, 17 years, 18 years, 19 years, 20 years, 25 years, 30 years, 35 years, or 40 years.
[00514] 22. The method, according to any of embodiments 1-21, in which the cells are stored for a period of time and in which, after the period of time, the percentage of viable cells or viable T cells or subtype or subset of these in the composition is about 24% to about 100%, or is at least about
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171/176 of 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, or 90%.
[00515] 23. The method, according to any of embodiments 1-22, in which the disease is a cancer, an inflammatory disease or condition, an autoimmune disease or condition, or an infectious disease or condition.
[00516] 24. The method, according to embodiment 23, in which the cancer is chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, pro-lymphocytic leukemia, hairy cell leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, null acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma , non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, large diffuse B-cell lymphoma, multiple myeloma, follicular lymphoma, splenic marginal zone lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, indolent B cell lymphoma, or acute myeloid leukemia.
[00517] 25. The method, according to embodiment 23 or 24, in which the cancer comprises cells that express at least one of ROR1, EGFR, Her2, L1-CAM, CD19, CD20, CD22, mesothelin, CEA, and hepatitis B surface antigen, anti-folate receptor, CD23, CD24, CD30, CD33, CD38, CD44, EGFR, EGP-2, EGP-4, EPHa2, ErbB2, 3, or 4, FBP, fetal aceticoline receptor , GD2, GD3, HMWMAA, IL ~ 22R-alpha, IL-13R ~ alpha2, kdr, kappa light chain, Lewis Y, L1cell adhesion molecule, MAGE-A1, MUC1, MUC16, B cell maturation antigen (BCMA ), FCRL5 / FCRH5, GPRC5D, PSCA, NKG2D Ligands, NY-ESO-1, MART-1, gp100, oncofetal antigen, TAG72, VEGF-R2, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), prostate specific antigen, PSMA, Her2 / neu , estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, ephrinB2, CD123, CS-1, c-Met, GD-2, and MAGE A3, CE7, Wilms Tumor 1 (WT-1), and a cyclin, such as cyclin A1 (CCNA1 ).
[00518] 26. The method, according to any of embodiments 1-25, in which the treatment is chemotherapy, radiation, surgery,
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172/176 cell therapy, and / or is a debulking treatment.
[00519] 27. The method, according to embodiment 26, in which the treatment comprises one of more of the following treatments alone or in combination: cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, mustine, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisolone, bleomycin , vinblastine, dacarbazine, etoposide, cisplatin, epirubicin, capecitabine, folinic acid, oxaliplatin, a small molecule inhibitor, an immune cell, killer natural cells, killer cells activated by lonfoquine, cytotoxic T cells, dendritic cells, 4000 cGy radiation, rescue autologous stem cell transplantation, stem cell transplantation, bone marrow transplantation, hematopoietic cell transplantation (HSCT), CAR T cell therapy, Tisagenlecleucel, Axicabtagene ciloleucel, cytarabine, high-dose cytarabine, daunorubicin, daunoricicin, cladribine, bortezomib, carfilzomib, thalidomide, lenalidomide, pomalidomide, corticosteroids, predniso na, dexamethasone, an alkylating agent, chlorambucil, bendamustine, ifosfamide, a platinum drug, cisplatin, carboplatin, oxaliplatin, a purine analogue, fludarabine, pentostatin, cladribine, an anti-metabolite, gemcitabine, methotrexate, methaxoxynoxate, pralatocratate, pralatocratate, pralatocrate , mitoxantrone, bleomycin, a proteasome inhibitor, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, romidepsin, belinostat, a kinase inhibitor, ibrutinib, idelalisib, an antibody, an antiCD20 antibody, rituximab, obinutuzumab, ofatumumab, ibritumomabux, ibritumoma , alemtuzumab, an anti-CD30 antibody, brentuximab, vedotin, interferon, an immunomodulating agent, thalidomide, CHOP, CHOP + R (or R-CHOP), CVP, EPOCH, EPOCH * R, DHAP, DHAP + R (or R -DHAP), venetoclax, methylprednisolone, or a Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi).
[00520] 28. The method, according to any of embodiments 1-27, in which the donor or individual is human.
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173/176 [00521] 29. The method, according to any of embodiments 1-28, further comprising analyzing the cells prior to cryogenic storage, optionally by assessing the expression of the cell surface for one or more phenotypic markers. [00522] 30. The method, according to any of embodiments 1-29, further comprising thawing the cryogenically stored cells.
[00523] 31. The method, according to any of embodiments 1-30, further comprising, after cryogenic storage and / or thawing the cells, designing the cells to express a recombinant or exogenous molecule, which optionally is a recombinant protein, optionally a recombinant receptor, which optionally is or comprises a T cell receptor (TCR), a chimeric receptor, and / or a chimeric antigen receptor.
[00524] 32. The method, according to embodiment 31, in which the recombinant molecule is a recombinant receptor that specifically recognizes or binds to an antigen expressed by, or specifically expressed by cells associated with the disease or condition.
[00525] 33. The method, according to any of embodiments 1-32, in which the number of cells, when collected from the donor or individual, and / or total in the apheresis sample, is at or about or is no more than or about 500 x 106, 1000 x 106, 2000 x 106, 3000 x 106, 4000 x 106, or 5000 x 106 or more total cells or total nucleated cells.
[00526] 34. The method, according to any of embodiments 1-33, further comprising enriching the sample's T cells prior to cryogenically storing the sample.
[00527] 35. The method, according to embodiment 34, in which T cells are either comprised or enriched for cells
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CD4 + T, or a subset of these, CD8 + T cells, or a subset of these, or a mixture of these, optionally in which the subset of CD8 + cells and / or the subset of CD4 + cells is optionally selected from the group consisting of memory cells , central memory T cells (TCM), effector memory cells (TEM), central trunk memory cells (TSCM), effector T cells (TE), RA T effector memory cells (TEMRA), naive T cells (TN) , and / or regulatory T cells (TREG), and / or in which the sample is enriched for load T cells.
[00528] 36. The method, according to any of embodiments 1-35, further comprising formulating the sample in a cryogenic medium prior to cryogenically storing the sample.
[00529] 37. The method, according to any of embodiments 1-36, further comprising loading the cells to a storage facility or before or after cryogenic freezing.
[00530] 38. The method, according to embodiment 37, in which the storage facility is a central or common repository storage facility.
[00531] 39. The method, according to embodiment 37 or 38, in which the sample is loaded in an environment cooled to the storage facility.
[00532] 40. The method, according to any of embodiments 36-39, further comprising enriching T cells of the sample after loading and before cryogenically storing the cells.
[00533] 41. The method, according to embodiment 40, in which the cells are or comprise or are enriched for CD4 + T cells, or a subset of them, CD8 + T cells, or a subset of these, or a mixture of these, optionally in which the subset of
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175/176 CD8 + cells and / or the subset of CD4 + cells is optionally selected from the group consisting of memory cells, central memory T cells (TCM), effector memory cells (TEM), central trunk memory cells (TSCM ), effector T cells (TE), effector memory cells RA T (TEMRA), naive T cells (TN), and / or regulatory T cells (TREG), and / or comprise load T cells.
[00534] 42. The method, according to embodiment 40 or embodiment 41, further comprising formulating the sample and / or T cells in a cryogenic medium after loading and prior to cryogenically storing the cells.
[00535] 43. The method, according to any of embodiments 1-42, further comprising thawing the cryogenically stored cells.
[00536] 44. The method, according to any of embodiments 1-43, in which the sample is placed in a container marked with one or more codes or identifiers to catalog the cells during processing, cryopreservation, and / or storage.
[00537] 45. The method, according to embodiment 44, in which the one or more codes or identifiers comprise text identifiers, bar codes, QR codes, RFIDs, or transponders.
[00538] 46. The method, according to embodiment 44 or embodiment 45, in which the one or more codes or identifiers correspond to or indicate the identity of one or more of: the donor, the sample, the vial, the recipient , disease, and / or storage facility.
[00539] 47. The method, according to any of the embodiments 44-46, in which the one or more codes or identifiers correspond to a code that appears on an identity bracelet of the patient or hospital or doctor or facility facility collection or
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176/176 documentation.
[00540] 48. The treatment method comprising: obtaining and optionally freezing cryogenically stored cells using the methods according to any of embodiments 1-47, in which, prior to said obtaining, the cells were cryogenically stored for a period of at least less 12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, or 4 weeks, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5 months, 6 months, 7 months, 8 months, 9 months, 10 months, 11 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, 5 years, 6 years, 7 years, 8 years, 9 years, 10 years, 11 years, 12 years, 13 years, 14 years , 15 years, 16 years, 17 years, 18 years, 19 years, 20 years, 25 years, 30 years, 35 years, or 40 years; introducing a recombinant receptor into the stimulated composition, thereby generating a developed composition comprising developed T cells, and administering the cells to an individual.
[00541] 49. The method, according to any of embodiments 1-48, in which the treatment does not comprise the developed T cells or cells of the cryogenically frozen composition.

权利要求:
Claims (49)
[1]
1. A method comprising cryogenically storing cells from a biological sample derived from a donor, characterized by the fact that the cells are obtained from the donor at a point in time that is after the donor is diagnosed with, or considered to have, or is suspected having, a disease or condition, and before the donor has received one or more treatments for the disease or condition; and in which the cells are frozen in a rate controlled refrigerator using a gradual freezing profile comprising at least one step in which the sample and / or chamber is cooled at a rate greater than 1 ° C per minute.
[2]
2. A method characterized by the fact that it comprises cryogenically storage cells from a biological sample derived from a donor, in which the cells were obtained from the donor at a point in time after the donor was considered refractory to, or experienced a relapse after a treatment regimen for a disease or condition, and before the donor has received subsequent treatment for the disease or condition.
[3]
3. A method characterized by the fact that it comprises cryogenically storage cells from a biological sample derived from a donor, in which the cells were obtained from the donor at a point in time at which the donor was not diagnosed with, or is not known by, or is not suspected of having, a disease or condition, and in which the cells are frozen in a rate controlled refrigerator using a gradual freezing profile comprising at least one step in which the sample and / or chamber is cooled to one rate greater than 1 ° C per minute.
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2/15
[4]
4. A method characterized by understanding:
- cryogenically freezing a biological sample derived from a donor, and
- store the cryogenically frozen cells for a period of time, in which the cells are or were obtained from the donor at a point in time which is (i) after the donor is diagnosed with, or considered to have, or is suspected of having , a disease or condition, and before the donor has received treatment for the disease or condition; or (ii) after the donor has been found to be refractory to, or has experienced a relapse after a treatment regimen for a disease or condition, and before the donor has received subsequent treatment for the disease or condition, and during which period of storage time, the donor receives or received at least one treatment for the disease or condition.
[5]
5. A method characterized by the fact of understanding:
- cryogenically freezing the cells of a biological sample derived from a donor, and
- storing the cryogenically frozen cells for a period of time, in which the cells are or were obtained from the donor at a point in time which is (i) after the donor is diagnosed with, or considered to have, or is suspected of having , a disease or condition, and before the donor has received treatment for a disease or condition; or (ii) after the donor has been found to be refractory to, or has experienced a relapse after a treatment regimen
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3/15 treatment for a disease or condition, and before the donor has received subsequent treatment for the disease or condition, and in which the cells are cryogenically stored for a period of time greater than or equal to 12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, or 4 weeks, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5 months, 6 months, 7 months, 8 months, 9 months, 10 months, 11 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, 5 years, 6 years, 7 years, 8 years, 9 years, 10 years, 11 years, 12 years, 13 years, 14 years, 15 years, 16 years, 17 years, 18 years, 19 years, 20 years, 25 years, 30 years, 35 years, or 40 years, or until the donor needs the cells.
[6]
6. A method characterized by the fact of understanding:
- cryogenically freeze the cells of a biological sample derived from a donor, and
- administering a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising developed T cells generated from the cryogenically frozen cells to an individual in need thereof, in which the cells are or have been obtained from the donor at a point in time which is (i) after the donor is diagnosed with, or considered to have, or is suspected of having, a disease or condition, and before the donor has received treatment for a disease or condition; or (ii) after the donor has been found to be refractory to, or has experienced a relapse after a treatment regimen for a disease or condition, and before the donor has received subsequent treatment for the disease or condition, and in which between freezing and administration, the donor receives or received at least one treatment for the disease or condition.
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4/15
[7]
7. A method characterized by understanding:
- cryogenically freezing the cells of a biological sample derived from a donor, thereby generating a cryogenically frozen cell composition, and
- developing cells of the cryogenically frozen cell composition to generate a composition comprising developed T cells, in which the cells are or were obtained from the donor at a point in time which is (i) after the donor is diagnosed with, or considered to have , or be suspected of having, a disease or condition, and before the donor has received treatment for a disease or condition; or (ii) after the donor has been found to be refractory to, or has experienced a relapse after a treatment regimen for a disease or condition, and before the donor has received subsequent treatment for the disease or condition, and in which between freezing and development, the donor receives or received at least one treatment for the disease or condition.
[8]
8. A treatment method characterized by the fact that it comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of developed T cells to an individual in need of it, in which the cells are or were obtained from the individual at a point in time which is (i) after the individual is diagnosed with, or considered to have, or is suspected of having, a disease or condition, and before the individual has received treatment for a disease or condition; or (ii) after the individual has been found to be refractory to, or has experienced a relapse after a treatment regimen for a disease or condition, and before the individual has received subsequent treatment for the disease or condition, and
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5/15 in which after the cells are or are obtained from the individual, and before administration of the developed T cells, the individual receives or has received at least one treatment for the disease or condition.
[9]
9. A method for producing a developed cell composition characterized by the fact that it comprises:
- obtain and optionally freeze cryogenically stored cells, and
- introducing a recombinant receptor into the cryogenically stored cells, thereby generating a developed composition comprising developed T cells, in which the cells are cryogenically stored after collection from a donor at a point in time that is (i) after the donor is diagnosed with, or considered to have, or be suspected of having, a disease or condition, and before the donor received treatment for a disease or condition; or (ii) after the donor has been found to be refractory to, or has experienced a relapse after a treatment regimen for a disease or condition, and before the donor has received subsequent treatment for the disease or condition, and in which after cryogenic storage and prior to obtaining the cryogenically stored cells, the donor receives or has received at least one treatment for the disease or condition.
[10]
10. The method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the biological sample is or is derived from an apheresis sample, optionally a leukapheresis sample, and / or in which the sample contains cells white blood cells and / or lymphocytes, and / or in which the cells, or blood cells in the sample consist essentially of leukocytes, or
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6/15 in which at least 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% of the cells in the sample, or at least 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% , 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% of the blood cells in the sample are leukocytes.
[11]
11.0 method according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that the cells have not been subjected to an immunoaffinity based step, and / or specific target selection, and / or enrichment for a cell population blood, and / or a T cell population, and / or a T cell subset, before being cryogenically stored.
[12]
12. The method according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized by the fact that the cells were subjected to an immunoaffinity based step, and / or specific target selection, and / or enrichment, for a cell blood and / or T cell population before being cryogenically stored, optionally in which the method additionally comprises performing said selection or enrichment prior to said cryogenic storage.
[13]
13. The method, according to claim 12, characterized by the fact that the selection and / or enrichment stage comprises an immunoaffinity based selection, and / or comprises positive or negative selection.
[14]
14. The method according to any of claims 12-13, characterized by the fact that:
the step of selection and / or enrichment comprises enriching and / or isolating CD4 + cells, or a subset of these, and / or CD8 + cells, or a subset of these, in which the enrichment or isolation of CD4 + cells, or a subset of these, is carried out
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7/15 or separately or in combination with the selection and / or isolation of CD8 + cells, or a subset of these, optionally in which the subset of CD8 + cells, and / or the subset of CD4 + cells, is optionally selected from the group consisting of of memory cells, central memory T cells (Tcm), effector memory cells (Tem), trunk central memory cells (Tscm), effector T cells (Te), RA T effector memory cells (Temra), naive cells T (Tn), and / or regulatory T cells (Treg).
[15]
15. The method according to any of claims 1-14, characterized in that the cells comprise or are enriched for T cells.
[16]
16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that the T cells comprise or are enriched for CD4 ⁺ T cells, or a subset of them, CD8 ⁺ T cells, or a subset of these, or a mixture of these , in which the subset of CD8 + cells and / or the subset of CD4 + cells is optionally selected from the group consisting of memory cells, central memory T cells (TCM), effector memory cells (Tem), central memory cells trunks (Tscm), effector T cells (Te), effector memory cells RA T (Temra), naive T cells (Tn), and / or regulatory T cells (Treg).
[17]
17. The method according to any one of claims 1-16, characterized in that it further comprises, before cryogenically storing the cells, combining the cells with a cryopreservation medium.
[18]
18. The method according to claim 17, characterized by the fact that the cryopreservation medium comprises about 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and a whey protein,
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8/15 optionally human serum albumin, optionally about 4% human serum albumin, and / or in which the freezing solution comprises and / or the final concentration of the biological sample comprises between about 1% and about 20% , between about 3% and about 9%, or between about 6% and about 9% by volume of DMSO, and / or comprises about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 5 , 5%, about 6%, about 6.5%, about 7%, about 7.5%, about 8%, about 8.5%, about 9%, about 9.5 %, or about 10% by volume of DMSO.
[19]
19. The method according to either of claims 2 or 4-18, characterized by the fact that cryogenic storage comprises lowering the temperature at a rate of at or about 1 ° C per minute, optionally, until the temperature range at or about -80 ° C.
[20]
20. The method according to any one of claims 1-19, characterized in that the cells are cryogenically stored in a container placed in a liquid nitrogen vapor phase, in which the container is optionally a bag or bottle.
[21]
21. The method according to any of claims 1-20, characterized in that the cells are cryogenically stored for a period of time greater than or equal to 12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, or 4 weeks, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5 months, 6 months, 7 months, 8 months, 9 months, 10 months, 11 months, 1 year, 2 years , 3 years, 4 years, 5 years, 6 years, 7 years, 8 years, 9 years, 10 years, 11 years, 12 years, 13 years, 14 years, 15 years, 16 years, 17 years, 18 years, 19 years, 20 years, 25 years, 30 years, 35 years, or 40 years.
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9/15
[22]
22. The method according to any of claims 1-21, characterized by the fact that the cells are stored for a period of time, and in which, after the period of time, the percentage of viable cells, or T cells viable, or subtype or subset of these in the composition is about 24% to about 100%, or is at least about 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70 , 75, 80, 85, or 90%.
[23]
23. The method according to any of claims 1-22, characterized by the fact that the disease is a cancer, an inflammatory disease or condition, an autoimmune disease or condition, or an infectious disease or condition.
[24]
24. The method according to claim 23, characterized by the fact that the cancer is chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, pro-lymphocytic leukemia, hairy cell leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, null acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma , non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, large diffuse B-cell lymphoma, multiple myeloma, follicular lymphoma, splenic marginal zone lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, indolent B cell lymphoma, or acute myeloid leukemia.
[25]
25. The method according to claim 23 or 24, characterized by the fact that the cancer comprises cells that express at least one of ROR1, EGFR, Her2, L1-CAM, CD19, CD20, CD22, mesothelin, CEA, and hepatitis B surface antigen, anti-folate receptor, CD23, CD24, CD30, CD33, CD38, CD44, EGFR, EGP-2, EGP-4, EPHa2, ErbB2, 3, or 4, FBP, feral acetylcholine receptor, GD2, GD3, HMW-MAA, IL-22R-alpha, IL-13R-alpha2, kdr, kappa light chain, Lewis Y, L1-cell adhesion molecule, MAGE-A1, MUC1, MUC16, cell maturation antigen Β (BCMA), FCRL5 / FCRH5, GPRC5D, PSCA, NKG2D, NYESO-1, MART-1, gp100, oncofetal antigen, TAG72, VEGF-R2, an
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10/15 carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), prostate specific antigen, PSMA, Her2 / neu, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, ephrinB2, CD123, CS-1, c-Met, GD-2, and MAGE A3, CE7, Wilms Tumor 1 (WT-1), and a cyclin, such as cyclin A1 (CCNA1).
[26]
26. The method according to any of claims 1-25, characterized by the fact that the treatment is chemotherapy, radiation, surgery, cell therapy, and / or is a debulking treatment.
[27]
27. The method according to claim 26, characterized by the fact that the treatment comprises one of more of the following treatments alone or in combination: cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, mustine, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisolone, bleomycin , vinblastine, dacarbazine, etoposide, cisplatin, epirubicin, capecitabine, folinic acid, oxaliplatin, a small molecule inhibitor, an immune cell, natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells, dendritic cells, 4000 cGy radiation, autologous stem cell rescue, stem cell transplantation, bone marrow transplantation, hematopoietic cell transplantation (HSCT), T-cell therapy CAR, Tisagenlecleucel, Axicabtagene ciloleucel, cytarabine, high-dose cytabin, daunorubicin (idunorubicin), daunorubicin (idunorubicin), idunorubicin (idunorubicin), idunorubin) , cladribine, bortezomib, carfilzomib, thalidomide, lenalidomide, pomalidomide, cortic osteroids, prednisone, dexamethasone, an alkylating agent, chlorambucil, bendamustine, ifosfamide, a platinum drug, cisplatin, carboplatin, oxaliplatin, a purine analogue, fludarabine, pentostatin, cladribine, an anti-metabolite, vincitxine, pratatine, metatrexate, metatrexine, metatrexine, metatrexate, metatrexate, metatrexine , doxorubicin, mitoxantrone, bleomycin, a proteasome inhibitor, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, romidepsin, belinostat, a kinase inhibitor, ibrutinib, idelalisib, an antibody, a
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11/15 anti-CD20 antibody, rituximab, obinutuzumab, ofatumumab, ibritumomab tiuxetan, an anti-CD52 antibody, alemtuzumab, an anti-CD30 antibody, brentuximab, vedotin, interferon, an immunomodulating agent, thalidomide, CHOP, CHOP + R ( or R-CHOP), CVP, EPOCH, EPOCH + R, DHAP, DHAP + R (or R-DHAP), venetoclax, methylprednisolone, or a Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi).
[28]
28. The method according to any of claims 1-27, characterized by the fact that the donor or individual is human.
[29]
29. The method according to any of claims 1-28, characterized by the fact that it further comprises analyzing the cells before cryogenic storage, optionally by evaluating the expression of the cell surface by one or more phenotypic markers.
[30]
30. The method according to any of claims 1-29, characterized in that it further comprises freezing the cryogenically stored cells.
[31]
31. The method according to any one of claims 1-30, characterized in that it further comprises, after cryogenic storage and / or freezing the cells, developing the cells to express a recombinant or exogenous molecule, which optionally is a protein of recombinant, optionally a recombinant receptor, which optionally is or comprises a T cell receptor (TCR), a chimeric receptor, and / or a chimeric antigen receptor.
[32]
32. The method according to claim 31, characterized by the fact that the recombinant molecule is a recombinant receptor that specifically recognizes or binds to a
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12/15 antigen expressed by, or specifically expressed by, cells associated with the disease or condition.
[33]
33. The method according to any one of claims 1-32, characterized by the fact that the number of cells, when collected from the donor or individual, and / or total in the apheresis sample, is at or about or is no more than or about 500 x 10 ⁶ , 1000 x 10 ⁶ , 2000 x 10 ⁶ , 3000 x 10 ⁶ , 4000 x 10 ⁶ , or 5000 x 10 ⁶ or more total cells, or total nucleated cells.
[34]
34. The method according to any of claims 1-33, characterized in that it further comprises enriching T cells from the sample before the sample is cryogenically stored.
[35]
35. The method according to claim 34, characterized in that the T cells are or comprise or are enriched for CD4 ⁺ T cells, or a subset of them, CD8 ⁺ T cells, or a subset of these, or a mixture of these, optionally in which the subset of CD8 + cells and / or the subset of CD4 + cells is optionally selected from the group consisting of memory cells, central memory cells T (Tcm), effector memory cells (Tem), cells of central memory trunks (Tscm), effector T cells (Te), effector memory cells RA T (Temra), naive T cells (Tn), and / or regulatory T cells (Treg), and / or in which the sample is enriched for load T cells.
[36]
36. The method according to any one of claims 1-35, characterized in that it further comprises formulating the sample in a cryogenic medium prior to cryogenically storing the sample.
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13/15
[37]
37. The method according to any of claims 1-36, characterized in that it further comprises loading the cells to a storage facility or before or after cryogenic freezing.
[38]
38. The method according to claim 37, characterized by the fact that the storage facility is a central or common repository storage facility.
[39]
39. The method according to claim 37 or 38, characterized by the fact that the sample is loaded in an environment cooled to the ease of storage.
[40]
40. The method according to any of claims 36-39, characterized in that it further comprises enriching T cells from the sample after loading and prior to cryogenically storage in the cells.
[41]
41. The method according to claim 40, characterized in that the T cells are or comprise or are enriched for CD4 ⁺ T cells, or a subset thereof, CD8 ⁺ T cells, or a subset thereof, or a mixture thereof, optionally in which the subset of CD8 + cells and / or the subset of CD4 + cells is optionally selected from the group consisting of memory cells, central memory T cells (Tcm), effector memory cells (Tem), central memory cells trunks (Tscm), effector T cells (Te), effector memory cells RA T (Temra), naive T cells (Tn), and / or regulatory T cells (Treg), and / or comprise charge T cells.
[42]
42. The method according to claim 40 or claim 41, characterized in that it additionally comprises formulating the sample and / or T cells in a cryogenic medium
Petition 870190090948, of 12/09/2019, p. 26/165
14/15 after loading and before cryogenically storing the cells.
[43]
43. The method according to any of claims 1-42, characterized in that it further comprises freezing the cryogenically stored cells.
[44]
44. The method according to any one of claims 1-43, characterized by the fact that the sample is placed in a container marked with one or more codes or identifiers to catalog the cells during processing, cryopreservation, and / or storage.
[45]
45. The method according to claim 44, characterized by the fact that the one or more codes or identifiers comprise text identifiers, bar codes, QR codes, RFIDs, or transponders.
[46]
46. The method according to claim 44 or claim 45, characterized by the fact that the one or more codes or identifiers correspond to or indicate the identity of one or more of: the donor, the sample, the vial, the recipient , disease, and / or storage facility.
[47]
47. The method according to any of claims 44-46, characterized by the fact that the one or more codes or identifiers correspond to a code that appears on an identity bracelet of the patient, or hospital, or doctor, or system collection facility, or documentation.
[48]
48. The treatment method characterized by the fact that it comprises:
obtain and, optionally, freeze cryogenically stored cells using the methods according to any of the
Petition 870190090948, of 12/09/2019, p. 27/165
15/15 claims 1-47, in which, prior to said obtaining, the cells were cryogenically stored for a period of at least 12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, or 4 weeks, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5 months, 6 months, 7 months, 8 months, 9 months, 10 months, 11 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, 5 years, 6 years, 7 years, 8 years, 9 years, 10 years, 11 years, 12 years, 13 years, 14 years, 15 years, 16 years, 17 years, 18 years, 19 years, 20 years, 25 years, 30 years , 35 years, or 40 years;
introducing a recombinant receptor into the stimulated composition, thereby generating a developed composition comprising developed T cells, and administering the cells to an individual.
[49]
49. The method according to any one of claims 1-48, characterized in that the treatment does not comprise the developed T cells or cells of the cryogenically frozen composition.

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同族专利:

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MX2019010906A|2020-02-12|

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法律状态:
2021-10-19| B350| Update of information on the portal [chapter 15.35 patent gazette]|

优先权:

---

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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US201762471343P| true| 2017-03-14|2017-03-14|

---

PCT/US2018/022522|WO2018170188A2|2017-03-14|2018-03-14|Methods for cryogenic storage|

---